Informatics Test 2
general guidelines for poster presentation
-use color to emphasize -use large fonts easy to read from 3-4 ft -text minimum of 48 point -use minimal text -present text succinctly -begin bullets with action verb -use consistent punctuation -organize info using headings -use borders to separate sections -design in columns -don't overcrowd
absolute formula
-uses $ to signify it will retain the specific column or cell when moved -Asterisk (*) multiplication -Forward slash (/) division -Caret (^) exponent -Equal (=) formula
level 3 heading
A section title that is indented, boldface, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period. First letter of the first word is uppercase, the rest are lowercase.
P - patient, population, or problem
What are the characteristics of the pt or population? What is the condition or disease you are interested in?
O - outcome
What are the relevant outcomes (ex: morbidity, death, complication)?
I - intervention or exposure
What do you want to do with this pt (ex: treat, diagnose, observe)?
C - comparison
What is the alternative to the intervention (ex: placebo, different drug, surgery)?
source
Who is the website sponsor? Who is the website owner?
information technology skills
ability to use computers, computer software, and peripherals to access electronic information
flat database
all data is located in one table; a spreadsheet is the simplest flat database model; very easy to construct and use
advanced search option
allows entry of multiple search items and define fields (AND, OR, NOT) to narrow search
using a search engine - stop words
articles and prepositions, search engine will not include unless in quotations
evidence-based practice
clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
handheld reference resources - Lexicomp
clinical reference resources for nurses and advanced practice nurses - http://www.wolterskluwercdi.com
handheld reference resources - Unbound Medicine
clinical reference resources for nurses and nursing schools - http://www.unboundmedicine.com -DATA SECURITY ISSUES
Best research evidence
clinically relevant research
creating the presentation - colors and sounds
colors: have emotional appeal, select those with strong contrast, and be mindful of the most common color blindness (red/green) sound: audio file, clip art sound, and narration
pie chart
communicate the portion of items in relation to a whole (percentages)
handheld reference resources - Skyscape
drug books, medical dictionaries, laboratory and diagnostic test books, NCLEX review manuals, and nursing procedure manuals - http://www.skyscape.com
handheld reference resources - Epocrates Rx
drug database (free and fee-based versions) - http://www.epocrates.com
bibliographic databases - MEDLINE/Pubmed
for biomedical research topics that cross healthcare disciplines
bibliographic databases - CINAHL
for nursing specific searches of literature
bibliographic databases - Cochrane library
for searching systematic reviews of literature
seminal work
frequently cited by others, influences the opinions of others
handhled reference resources - STFM Group on Immunizations (free)
immunization schedules for children and adults - http://www.immunizationed.org
Quotes with less than 40 words are
in paragraph in quotations
Quotes with more than 40 words are
indented as a block of text
level 4 heading
indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period. First letter of the first word is uppercase, the rest are lowercase.
level 5 heading
indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period. First letter of the first word is uppercase, the rest are lowercase.
formula
mathematical equation that gives the computer instructions on how to process data
relational database
more flexible that the hierarchical; two or more tables connected by identical information in the key fields
bibliographic databases -PsycINFO
psychology, mental health, and behavior research
handheld reference resources - Pepid
reference resources for clinical nursing, oncology, and critical care - http://www.pepid.com
intrinsic cognitive load
relates to the difficulty of problem solving or making sense of the learning material
germane cognitive load
relates to thought processes or schemas that organize categories of information for storage in long-term memory
extraneous cognitive load
relates to unnecessary information delivered in the design of instruction
column charts
show comparisons using rows and columns
difference in spreadsheets and word processors
spreadsheets have formula and chart functions
hierarchical database
tables are organized in the shape of an inverted tree
purpose of a spreadsheet
to crunch numbers and analyze data
scope creep
unanticipated growth in a project of database design
relative formula
when copied it changes the referenced cells
using a search engine - wildcards
(uses questions mark ?) replaces single unknown character or letter (ex: hea? Gives results for terms such as head and heat)
level 2 heading
A section title that is bolded, left-margin justified, and has the first letter of each major word capitalized. Occupies a line by itself.
using a search engine - truncation
(uses asterisk*) searches spelling variations (ex: nur* finds variation of nursing)
creating a simple database
(1) Identify the question the data needs to answer (2) Identify the data needed to answer them (3) Develop a purpose for the database (4) Identify what is needed to provide the answer
Computer performs operations based on algebraic protocols:
(1) Parentheses (2) Exponents (3) Multiplication and division (left to right) (4) Addition and subtraction
APA formatting requirements - 4 main sections
(1) Title page (2) Abstract -Should reflect keywords and assist in finding paper in electronic database -Does NOT have to be written first (3) Body -Begins with introduction -Ends with conclusion/summary -Use headings to organize the paper (4) Reference list -The words {Reference} - regular font, not bold, and centered
In-text citations are displayed in parentheses
(Author, year)
other shortcomings of mobile devices in nursing
-Access to mobile devices -Access to wifi -Expense -Time involved in selection, preparation, and education -Potential for misuse (camera, scanner app, social media) -Faulty devices -Short battery life
principles for slide presentations
-Always state the purpose -End with a summary -Use citations and references to avoid plagiarism -Chunk info to prevent cognitive overload -Incorporate practice questions if applicable -Polling software -Visual literacy -cognitive load theory
widespread adoption of mobile devices in nursing has been limited by:
-Attitudes of students and faculty -Costs -Rapid change in technology
information literacy
-Awareness there is a need to know information, ability to find it, analyze it, and interpret it for use -Necessary for healthcare workers to be able to identify valid and reliable health information
creating the presentation - video
-Can be inserted from file or website -Limit length to 45-60 seconds
spreadsheet basics
-Cell: rectangles on the table -Row: horizontal group of cells -Column: vertical group of cells -Cell address: name given to the cell; use letters (column) and numbers (row) -Cell range: contiguous group of cells; can be used in commands {EX} A2:B6
creating the presentation - text
-Choose one visually appealing and that elicits the emotional response you want -Smallest text size should be 24 points -Bold emphasizes -Italics: more difficult to read; give audience more time to read -Underline: indicate hyperlink -Be consistent
databases in nursing
-Clinical data entered into databases can help us answer many nursing questions and in turn improve patient care -Examples of databases nurses utilize web search engines, library databases, electronic patient records, etc
Common types of plagiarism
-Copying exact text without citing -Reordering words without citing -Self-plagiarism (presenting own work as new)
privacy and disclosure
-Does the site include and easy-to-understand privacy statement or nondisclosure agreement? -Does the site meet a recognized privacy standard, such as "health on the net" (http://www.hon.ch/)?
charts
-Graphical presentation of a set of numbers -Used to interpret relationships of quantitative and categorical data -First step in creating a chart is identifying the cells that include the data you need represented in the chart
funding
-Is the site a not-for-profit site? -Is there any commercial funding? -Are there any potential conflicts of interest? -Are there any advertisements on the site? If so, are they clearly labeled?
validity and quality
-Is the site last update date specified? -Is there a clear statement of the website purpose? -Is the information accurate and referenced to current scholarly nursing and medical resources? -Is the information current? -Is the information peer reviewed or verified by a qualified editor? -Is the site free from content and typing errors? -Is the information free from bias and opinion? -Are all the links to quality reputable resources?
digital databases
-Knowledge-based: index published literature (ex: journal articles) -Factual databases: replace reference books with searchable and updateable online information (ex: drug and lab manuals) -You can search these databases using keywords
scholarly journal articles
-Only qualified nurses with expertise in the subject area write articles for scholarly nursing journals -Go through a peer review process: editor approves, and then 2 or more nurse experts
creating the presentation - animation
-Progressive disclosure: items revealed one at the time until all are on slide
word processing tools
-Spelling and grammar check -Squiggly red underline = misspelled word alert -Squiggly blue underline = grammatical error -Page ruler -Automatic bullets and numbers -Find and replace -Table of contents -Footnotes and endnotes
embarking on the quest for knowledge
-Step 1: Recognize an information need -Step 2: Searching for appropriate evidence -Step 3: Critically analyzing literature findings -Step 4: Applying/Implementing the findings -Step 5: Evaluating the results and effectiveness of practice changes
steps to writing a scholarly paper
-Step 1a: identify audience -Step 1b: select a topic -Perform a literature search -Step 2: choose a word processing tool -EX} Microsoft Word, Apple Pages, Google Docs -Step 3: writing the paper -Outline the paper -Identify headings
Levels of research evidence
-Systematic reviews *top* -Single randomized controlled trial (RCT) -Cohort studies -Case-controlled studies, case series/reports -Expert opinion
anatomy of a database
-Tables: contain all of the data; serve as the foundation of the database; contains records located in rows -Queries: used to ask questions of one or more related tables or other queries; these are the most powerful tools in a database, it is only limited by the abilities of the creator -Forms: used to add, edit, and view data from a table or a query -Reports: used to display data from a form or query; can present info from more than one table or query
secondary data use
-The use of health information for purposes beyond direct patient care -Can improve healthcare by increasing knowledge of diseases and treatment
creating the presentation - transitions
-The way a slide makes an entrance -Can be dramatic, enhance, or distract -Use sparingly
advantages of mobile devices in nursing
-Time saving -Time management -Improved communication -Improved decision making -Improved access to resources -Improved confidence -Decreased errors
presentation styles
-Traditional style: title and bullet design -New style: innovate with high tech visual images -EX} TED, assertion-evidence order, PechaKucha, Lessig, etc -New styles reduces cognitive load
creating the presentation - images
-Use images to better communicate your message -Can be retrieved from internet -Some have copyrights and license terms -Cite the source of images you didn't create -Small font near the image
data mining
-Used to organize and make sense of data -Used for pattern identification -Three types of data mining applications: classification, regression, clustering
authority
-Who is the author? Are the authors credentials noted? Is the author an expert in the subject area? Is the author qualified to write the information? -What is the author's affiliation? -Is there a link that will allow the user to contact the author?
creating the presentation - storyboarding
-a plan for visuals -Forces to organize thoughts into a coherent presentation -Outline thoughts using title and text -Use slide sorter view to look at layout/order -Drag slides to rearrange -Finish out slides by filling in info
visual literacy
-abilities that enable one to find, interpret, evaluate, use, and create images and visual media - correctly convey what meant to convey and are appropriate -Culture effects this ability -Image may be clear to one profession but confuse another
line chart
-can communicate changes in elapsed time period data or show data trends -category placed on horizontal axis and data on vertical axis
data warehouse
-comprehensive collection of data from many different databases -possible to data mine with a regular electronic database but it's more effective when done on a data warehouse
internet and search engines
-consider google scholar when searching for scholarly articles -can enter preferences to narrow search -can access free full-text articles
intermediate presentation skills
-customize the presentation menu -create handouts -add clip art to slides -add smartart to slides -move and resize objects -incorporate multimedia into slide design -modify multimedia for presentations -demonstrate competency using two presentation software application -save a presentation in different file formats for use with other software applications -share/collaborate with others on presentation design -apply pedagogical principles to presentation design -print out a slide presentation handout
Basic Presentation Skills
-design a simple presentation -apply a template to the background -insert a new slide -apply the use of different slide layouts -use spell check -save a presentation -add shapes to a slide -view a slideshow -print a presentation
advanced presentation skills
-design on screen navigation -customize presentation toolbars -embed/edit a spreadsheet -create a macro -add slide transitions -add slide sections -design slide animations -demonstrate advance text and graphic editing techniques -build custom slide amster, handout masters, and custom note masters -create a presentation template -publish and distribute presentations -demonstrate competency using more then two software applications
facilitators for EBP in nursing
-education on how to conduct -professional memberships -continuing education courses
online journals
-fully online with no print version -feature peer reviewed articles -archives
bar chart
-generally, comparison of amounts -can display vertically and horizontally
cognitive load theory
-information flowing into working memory at any given time -Brain has limited short-term memory and unlimited long-term -It is difficult for brain to read slides and listen to presenter if the two do not coincide
open access journals
-no fees -limited copyright/licensing restrictions
barriers for EBP in nursing
-nurse perceptions -difficulty critiquing literature -difficulty applying findings -lack of time to conduct research -lack of resources
PICO
-process for asking a research question (P)atient, population, or problem (I)ntervention or exposure (C)omparison (O)utcome
ethical implications of secondary data use
-safeguard patient rights -fully de-identify data by removing name, record number, social security number
print journals with web presence
-some have full-text available online for subscribers -fee may apply to nonsubscribers
database model
-the way data are organized -flat, hierarchical, relational, or object oriented
Three factors determine order of operations:
-type of computation required -placement of expression in parentheses -left-to-right placement
What edition of APA is Troy BSN going by?
7th edition APA manual
level 1 heading
A bolded, centered section title in which the first letters of major words are capitalized. Occupies a line by itself.
handheld reference resources - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDC podcasts - https://www2c.cdc.gov/podcasts/
handheld reference resources - AHRQ ePSS
Electronic Preventive Services Selector for HCPs to use with their pts - https://epss.ahrq.gov/PDA/index.jsp