international sport2
Association of Summer Olympic International Federations
-28 Ifs recognized and permitted to participate in Olympics -ASOIF's mission is to unite, promote and support the International Summer Olympic Federations; to preserve their autonomy, while coordinating their common interests and goals.
Association of IOC Recognized International Sports Federations (ARISF)
-32 IF's that compete internationally but not at the Olympics -American football, bowling, automobile, motorcycle
Association of International Olympic Winter Sport Federations (AIOWSF)
-7 IF's -responsible for organization of the winter Olympics
major functions of international federations
-Cooperating with the IOC for recognitions and participation of the Olympic Games -Functioning as a legislative body of rules, regulations, and policies for its sport -Determining competition levels -Playing a role in defining eligibilities and statuses of competitions -Determining affiliations with business organizations -Developing rules, policies, and measures against illegal or unethical practice in sports -Making a decision on the equipment and site requirements for competitions
responsibilities of international federations at Olympics
-Establish the technical rules of their own sports, disciplines, and events -Establish results and ranking of competitions -Select judges, referees, and other technical officials from the host country or from abroad -Enforce the rules of the IOC concerning the eligibility of the participants -Require technical provisions
international federations
-Nongovernmental organizations established to govern one or more sports at the international level. -Must cooperate with the IOC to make sure that their statutes, practices, and activities conform to the Olympic Charter -They play a significant role in promotion of global sport development and the Olympic movement
General Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF)
-Renamed SportAccord in 2009 -92 international sports federation and 17 associated members -To unite, support, and promote its Member International Sports Federations and Organizations for the coordination and protection of their common aims and interests, communication and cooperation, while at the same time conserving and respecting their autonomy.
mission and roles of international federations
-To establish and enforce, in accordance with the Olympic spirit, the rules concerning the practice of their respective sports -To ensure the development of their sports throughout the world -To contribute to the achievement of the goals set out in the Olympic Charter, in particular by way of the spread of Olympism and Olympic education -To express their opinions on the candidatures for organizing the Olympic Games, in particular as far as the technical aspects of venues for their respective sport are concerned -To establish their criteria of eligibility for the competitions of the Olympic Games in conformity with the Olympic Charter
sports petitioning for the 2016 games
-baseball -softball -golf -rollersports -karate -rugby -squash
International Federations recognition for Olympic games
-history and tradition -universality -popularity of the sport -image -athletes' health -development of the IF -costs
International sport 4 categories
1. association of summer Olympic international federations 2. association of international Olympic winter sport federations 3. association of ioc recognized international sports federations 4. general association of international sports federations
ncaa membership
1200 currently active member institutions division 1: 247 institutions, 32 conferences -offers the most athletically related financially aid more than 460,000 currently active student athletes
violation
3/4- slap on the wrist 1/2- investigation
nba league
30 teams 29 us teams, 1 canada 2 conferences
nfl membership
32 clubs new members requires three fourths approval of clubs 3/4 approval for change of rules in each game clubs must be non profit organizations transfer of ownership requires 3/4 approval agree to be bound by appropriate decisions of the commisionor
nfl playoffs
6 teams from each conference #1 and #2 are awrded a bye #3 division champion plays #2 wild card #4 division champion plays #1 wild card
home territory
75 mile radius same city clubs have equal rights within home territory of the city
does sport operate as a cartel
A cartel is a collective of individual clubs or organizations that by agreement work collectively to maximize benefits to each. Employs a complex set of rules and practices designed to restrict business competition among its members and divide markets among firms in the industry Joint policies protect the interests of member organizations in many ways
International federations memeberships
A. be recognized by the IFs with eligibility and qualifications B. agree to pay dues and adhere to rules C. be responsible to organize country's teams to participate in international competitions D. be subject to suspension if a violation of rules
European model
Each team is treated as an economic unit. Because clubs are not constrained by salary caps, they can offer players whatever money it would take to lure them away from another team. Leagues employ a promotion and relegation system
North American and Australia model
Free market capitalism is limited. Pro leagues operate as cartels Restrictions are imposed on competition. Teams work collectively to improve the attractiveness of the marketable product. Equalization policy redistributes resources. Leagues are closed systems (drafts and salary caps)- helps competitive balance
FIBA
USA won gold in Rio
International federations confederations
Zoned or regional governing bodies of national sport federations located in the same continent. They are umbrella governing bodies of the IF'sin each continent.
pyramidal hierachial model
a national governing body is the key decision maker controls key assets the control of fifa over international soccer is an example of this model top down system will be nonexistent in the future ncaa
broadcasting and television
all broadcasting contracts must be approved by the commissioner regular season tv income is divided equally among the teams
court availability
all teams about a month before the end of the preceding regular season have to submit to the nba office a list of at least 50 dates on which their home court will be available 4 mondays 4 thursdays
other governance issues
applications for sport franchises team ownership franchise relocation rival leagues regulation of equipment
role of commissioner
approval of player contracts rule making dispute resolution disciplinary matters judicial review
nba western conference divisions
atlantic, central, southeast
international federations and the Olympic movement
autonomous and independent, but IOC does not recognize all of them.
oldest conference
big ten found in 1896
promotion model
boxing one off events- promoter brings together the participants, organizes the venue, and arranges broadcasting rights and sponsorship opportunities
official breaks
christmas eve all star game ncaa championship game
local state or provincial level
club, team & associations coaches athletes, organizes participation registered with national leagues or federations
pro team sport structure
commissioner board of governors/owners committee league office players association
3 main restrictions*
competition between teams for player services sales for broadcasting rights location and licensing of teams
ncaa board of directors
comprised of 24 institutional CEO's 10 presidents from football subdivisions 5 presidents from football championship subdivisions 5 presidents from d1 schools without football 1 student athlete 1 athletic director 1 faculty athletic representative 1 senior woman administrator
commissioner
determined bu the choice of at least two thirds of the clubs resolves disputes financial manager of league activity game officials discipline
selection meeting order
determined by winning percentage including ties constituted as a 21 round draft but the cba limits it to seven rounds
national lvel
develops sport and runs national events affiliated with international governing body structure and feature of professional sport leagues vary deepening on the sport
ncaa executive committee
division 1 board of directors division 2 presidents council division 3 presidents
scheduling
drafted by the commissioner 16 game schedule
nba scheduling format
each team have to play 4 games against the other 4 division opponents 4 games against 6 conference opponents 3 games against the remaining 4 conference teams 2 games against teams in the opposing conference
16 game schedule
each team plays a home and home with the divisional opponents each team will play on other division within the conference on an annual rotation each team will play one game against a team from each of the two remaining division in conference based on standing each division in a conference will play a division from the other conference on an annual rotation
international level
fifa, womens tennis association governs and develops the sport on a global level and runs major international event such as the word cup
conference champion
first team to win 4 matches moves on to the next round 4 winning teams move on to the conference semifinals and play another best of 7 match up remaing 2 teams plays the conference final of best of 7 games
player eligibility supplemental draft
for special considerations one per year at least one week before training camp begins order determined by weighted lottery
broadcasters
games can be moved to satisfy the nbas tv partners game times can be tweaked
territorial rights
governs exclusive compettion and marketing rights
FIFA
has been in the news for a scandal in the last year
equalization policy
helps all the money go around allows teams to be semi equal in terms of money
IIHF
ice hockey & inline hockey
SANZAR
international rugby competitions
purpose of enforcement
investigate rules infractions enforce the rules by imposing appropriate penalties
governance in the national football league
membership territorial rights commissioners duties broadcasting privleges player eligibility scheduling selection meeting regular season playoffs
international federations governance models
most use a congress or assembly formed by member nations as a legislative body
player eligibility requirement
must have been out of high school for 3 years must have used up their college eligibility players that did not attend college are eligibile for draft after 4 football seasons past high school is not selected they become free agents
FINA
newer approved apparel has the QR code placed on it
conduct of games
no bull horns, megaphones or other noise making devices
governance of individual pro sports*
not exempt from antitrust laws often considered independent contractors not employees
nba eastern conference divisions
pacific, northwest, southwest
economic nature of professional sport leagues
professional sport is a business operation capable of generating billions of dollars in revenue every year
conference and division alignment
realignment requires three fourths approval giants and jets cannot be assigned to the same conference without consent 49ers and raiders can be assigned to the same conference but not the same division
league governance
refers to the system by which professional sport leagues and organizations are directed and controlled
player attire
requirements on colors and types of clothing numbers must be worn and names must be displayed home team is actually required to wear white
selection meeting contact with eligible players
speed timing on field tests interviews written tests
how do organization make a business out of sport
sport is an industry in which teams need competitors to make a product
competitive balance
sport leagues use rules and regulations to encourage competitive balance to maintain fan enthusiasm by keeping them in suspense concept used by governing bodies to justify exemptions and interventions to ensure that the outcome of competitions remains uncertain
rosters are frozen after*
the final regular season game
FIVB
there goal is to become the #1 family entertainment in sport
purpose of ncaa
to initiate, stimulate and imporve intercollegiate athletics program to promote and dvelop education leadership, physical fitness
playoff criteria
top 8 temas in each conference qualify to play the playoffs this is based on win lose results 8 teams in each conference play amongst themselves matching up best ranked the weakest ranked
each player is entitled to
two complimentary tickets for home games
ITF
used to be known as the international lawn tennis federation - used to play on only grass
regional level
where there is no overriding international authority, regional league governs and develops the sport on a regional level and runs major team events nfl, nhl
