Interpersonal Communication
False
Families develop rules, beliefs, and rituals in isolation.
True
For Americans, a key function of speech is to prevent silence.
Connotative
Jackson determines that his older brother's use of the word "radical" that differs from his own understanding of the word stems from a more subjective, personal, and is contextual by nature. Jackson learns that his brother's definition of the word "radical" applies most likely what type of meaning?
open-ended
Jose is engaged in a conversation with Helga and he is asking questions that allow her free rein in answering. What sort of questions are these?
trigger
Karl is easily influenced and is likely to response to which type of cues?
affection
Lars has found that his needs for ______ generally go unfulfilled and he feels unlovable and desires a meaningful relationship that will keep him from being emotionally detached
affection
Lars has found that his needs for ______ generally go unfulfilled and he feels unlovable and desires a meaningful relationship that will keep him from being emotionally detached.
ego conflict
Leroy believes that he must win in the conflict he is having with his friend Sam. In most ways, Leroy is less concerned with winning the conflict that he is with maintaining the credibility he has with the people in their circle of friends. This situation is representative of which category of conflict?
False
Loreena is easily fooled by words and labels and as a result fails to inspect what the labels represent. Loreena has an extensional orientation.
True
Many of us find conversing or speaking up in the presence of others hard to do especially if we think our social status is in question.
in the minds of those who use them
Meanings for words do not reside in their symbols; rather, they reside where?
individualistic
Members of cultures with a strong group orientation do not value privacy as much as do members of cultures with what orientation?
fear, sadness, loneliness, or embarassment
Men may try to hide which of their feelings?
False
Messages containing positive emotions are retweeted more frequently than other messages.
thin slicing
Basing our impressions soley on an abbreviated behavioral pattern is known as:
matching hypothesis
Beau is of average physical attractiveness but is attracted to Krista and Karli, two of the most physically attractive women at his college. It is unlikely that Beau will neither date nor enter into a long-term relationship with Krista or Karli because people generally end up in a relationship with someone who is similar to themselves in physical attractiveness. This is known as which of the following?
willingness to listen to opposing views
Benefits of functional orientation of conflict include which of the following?
False
Our basic needs include exclusion, control, and affection.
True
Over time, as the amount of intimacy we share increases, our level of intensity deepens.
openness
Parties to a conflict who lack what behavior are usually only concerned with their own feelings, believing it unnecessary for the other party to benefit from the outcome.
All cultures
People from which culture value face-saving and politeness?
intergenerational
People from which generation tend to live with parents, grandparents, and uncles--all in the same household?
True
People who are underpersonal do their best to keep relationships superficial, while those who are overpersonal try to increase their closeness to others.
nonverbal traditions
Peoples in Arnu's native culture do not tell others that they are seeking power. It is most likely that Arnu comes from which type of culture?
perspective taking
Placing ourselves in another's situation we engage in _______
sexual harassment
Professor Smith is a faculty member at the local college. Often times, when she is in the staff workroom to make copies of exams for her classes, she hears male faculty members telling jokes of a sexual nature. Even though the jokes are not directed at Professor Smith and she is not involved directly in the conversation, she is a victim of which of the following?
Competitive
No one in Alberto's circle of friends ever wants to engage in conflict with him. He always tries to push others into agreeing with his stance on everything. He is extremely assertive and tends to not be cooperative at all. What conflict management style does Alberto use?
Interpersonal effectiveness
Once we identify how to best influence one another, we may improve which of the following markedly.
False
The Johari window is a depiction of a window with four panes to help us explore how self-determination and self-disclosure are relationship-dependent.
resilience
The ability to cope and recover more quickly from disappointments demonstrates which of the following?
over 50
The average college student spends what percentage of his time in an average day listening?
shareable and nonshareable
Two types of goals that help to identify conflict are which of the following?
defensive climate
Typically, which of the following takes the form of a comment or behavior by one person that the other person perceives as a direct attack on the image they have been working to protect.
emotion trait
Whenever Doreen is around people, she experiences a sudden change of emotion to fear. Because this occurs regardless of who the other person is or people are, it may be said that Doreen is exhibiting which of the following?
crazymaking
Which behavior is a conflict-producing technique that figuratively can drive a partner crazy and is often at the root of dysfunctional conflict?
disconfirming
Which messages show a disregard for the relationship?
facial expressions
Which of the following are visible signs of emotions and, in some instances, may in fact be the cause of emotions?
beliefs
Which of the following can be considered to be the basis or foundation for our attitudes?
technology
Which of the following frees us to be with each other and somewhere else simultaneously?
early to bed
Which of the following is a rule that might be part of a family's communication?
gender
Which of the following is a social creation that imposes a sense of social order by reflecting the societal characteristics associated with the biological categories of male and female?
language
Which of the following is the code of arbitrary symbols that allows groups of people to communicate and share meaning?
polarizing
Which of the following is the term for describing experiences in "either-or" terms?
turn yielding
Which of the following lets our communication partner know that it is his/her turn to speak?
descriptive statements
Which of the following recount a person's particular observable actions without labeling them good or bad, right or wrong?
laughing
Which physical act triggers an increase in endorphins, which are brain chemicals that contribute to feeling good?
euphemisms
While ______ help spare feelings, they can also obscure or mislead those we speak with by masking the truth.
never
While all relationships encounter some challenges, when is violence an acceptable option?
forgiveness
While it does not mean condoning unkind actions ________ is a manifestation of the personal control we have over our lives.
Maslow
Who conceived of human needs as forming a hierarchy in the shape of a pyramid with our most basic needs located at or near the base and our higher-order needs closer to or at the apex?
discussing the situations details
Women and men often misunderstand each other's intentions. Women wonder why men are not interested in which of the following?
joking
Women are generally more comfortable revealing their feelings and providing overt expressions of caring. Men, on the other hand, tend to use covert caring signals such as which of the following?
Asian
Workers in which cultures work instead to preserve the peace, interacting with one another indirectly and less offensively?
Semantic
___ code establishes that words have both denotative and connotative meanings and that they represent or symbolize reality.
Communication accommodation theory
___ explains that we adjust our language patterns to reflect how we feel about another person.
Blended
____ family includes two adults and children (biological or adopted) from one or both of the adults' previous relationships, and potentially additional children from the current relationship.
Organizational
____ networks may be formal or informal.
Gunnysacking
______ behavior occurs when one saves all complaints and brings them all up in one conversation.
Empathy
________ erases feelings of indifference by implying care and regard for others.
Attribution theory
__________ theory helps us understand our response to social experience. It also speaks to the fact that we like to be able to explain why others behave as they do.
Self-disclosure
___________ aspect of dialogue is its own reward, triggering the same sensations in the brain as food and money.
perception
A consequence of who we are, what we choose to see, and where we are is known as which of the following?
meta-conversation
A conversation about a conversation is known as which of the following?
relationship
A wide array of social connections that to varying degrees meet your interpersonal needs is known as which of the following?
coercive
Allison asked her mother if she could use the larger family car to go to the concert so she and her friends could all ride in the same car. Allison's mother hesitated for a moment then told Allison that she could use the family car if she ran two errands for her mother in her own car, but she would not be allowed to go to the concert at all if she refused to run those errands. Allison's mother employed which kind of power in this situation?
self-disclosure
Alvin and Alexis are in a long-distance relationship. They realize that it can be quite a challenge to maintain such a relationship and are determined to make it work. Their long-distance relationship has a greater chance of success if both Alvin and Alexis are willing to solve problems jointly and to be open to one another by engaging in which of the following?
The Netherlands
Among the national cultures noted in the textbook that value femininity, stress caring, nurturing, and sexual equality is which of the following?
asynchronous
Andrew is experiencing a conflict with Andrea and she has sent him an inflammatory e-mail regarding that conflict. His first reaction is to send a return e-mail in which to tell her all the negative feelings her e-mail brought up about the conflict. Andrew decides it is better to wait a little while and "cool-off" before replying. Andrew can do this because he and Andrea are in different places and because of the nature of online interaction, which is which of the following?
False
As a relationship's strength grows, partners become more secure and feel more pressure to reciprocate every relationship contribution.
instrumental
Bjorn was born in the United States and has lived in the United States his entire life. The U.S. culture has, generally, taught Bjorn that men are to perform which type of roles?
Content Conflict
Bobbi and Tim are disagreeing over the use of the word "amongst." Bobbi believes that the word is British and should not be used in the United States. Tim believes that the word is perfectly good in the United States as well as in England. This is an example of what type of conflict?
False
By its very nature, conflict is always a negative force in a relationship
apparently correct: primary-parent i chose: nuclear
Charmain grew up in a family in which she, both parents, and her siblings were living together. This is an example of which kind of family?
authority
Charmain was left with the "fluff" stories about the local ladies' club and the cat that was stranded in a tree. This situation most likely exists because of the perception that men are the voice of which of the following?
circumscribing
Chip and Dayle's relationship is falling apart and they now hardly speak to one another except in abbreviated messages that are low in quantity. Chip and Dayle's relationship has reached which stage of Knapp and Vangelisti's relationship model?
more than half
Currently, more than what portion of all births in the United States are to single women, most of whom are not college educated?
True
Definitions of family need to be flexible and reflective of the diverse forms of contemporary families.
she thinks she has to stay
Despite the cycle of abuse inflicted by Bruno, Inez has stayed in their abusive relationship because of which of the following reasons?
using rationalizations
Despite the fact that Rodney's team has been warned numerous times about the direction their decisions are taking the organization, they remain on their current path, often discounting those warnings. Rodney's team is guilty of which aspect of groupthink?
uncertainty reduction
During the experimenting stage of Knapp and Vangelisti's relationship model, we engage in which of the following, which researchers define as our thirst for acquiring information about another person?
context
If the color of a room is not appealing to you, which elements of communication would be affected the most?
Interpersonal communication is characterized by wholeness and nonsummativity.
If we agree that communication is about more than the participants involved, which characteristics of interpersonal communication would we use to explain that idea?
mirror
In a symmetrical relationship, the parties reflect each other's behavior. This is also a way to do which of the following?
what they talk about
In relationships, most men define intimacy in terms of what two people do together, whereas most women define intimacy in terms of what other aspects of the relationship?
groupthink
In this symptom, self-censorship occurs as members strive not to have others perceive them as deviating from the group's consensus. This is a symptom of what?
cell phone
In today's technologically advanced world, even a mobile device can function as a matchmaker for love and friendship connections. Looking for love nearby is a common practice, and growing numbers of people now use which kinds of applications to make instant dates based on proximity?
DESC script
In which of the following are the parties to the conflict expressing their feelings and understanding the feelings of the other person?
third
In which stage of the cycle of abuse would expect Bruno to feel sorry that he had abused Inez and to promise to make it up to her, even promising that it will never happen again?
individualistic
In which type of culture you are responsible for yourself and maybe your immediate family?
intensifying
It is clear that Tom and Geri are becoming more serious about their relationship. They now talk about more serious ideas, they share their secrets, they have become better at predicting each other's behavior, they have started using nicknames for one another, and have even adopted clothing styles. It may be said that Tom and Geri have reached which stage of Knapp and Vangelisti's relationship model?
False
It is in our close friendships that we first learn how to create, maintain, and end relationships.
internal
Rachael feels that she is being discriminated against in her STEM classes, which is complicated by her extreme shyness and her feelings that she did not do adequately well in her high school chemistry and physics classes. Now, she is having difficulty communicating effectively with her friends and classmates. Rachel is experiencing which kind of noise?
his niece's health can be enhanced
Raul has been caring for his niece who has become very ill, but who may recover under the right conditions. Raul has been offering social support to his niece. How will Raul's support affect the situation?
doom
Relationships help us to combat loneliness and increase our feelings of belonging. When they are lacking, we are often left with a sense of which of the following?
brainstorming
Rob's team has to arrive at a decision about the upcoming national employee meeting. They have decided to take all suggestions from team members, regardless of the large number of ideas they may generate and to give every one of them consideration, Rob's team has decided to use what technique?
False
Roger expects people he likes to like what he like and people he doesn't like to dislike what he likes. This is an example of minimal justification for action.
toxic
Some romantic relationships have a dark side that makes them dysfunctional. While we may think they are based in love, they can be unhealthy, destructive, and characterized by episodes of what kind of communication?
True
The content we see in media entertainment affects our attitudes toward the means used to resolve conflict and we learn what works and what doesn't in the media
power distance
The extent to which a culture's members believe that institutional and organizational power should not be shared equally and that all decisions by power holders must be accepted is known as which of these terms?
make things happen
The greater our power, the greater our ability to do which of the following?
referent
The more attractive we find someone, the more we respect and admire him or her, and the greater is our tendency to mirror this behavior. We often find this exhibited in those who have ______ kind of power.
intimacy
The most central component within a love relationship is which of the following?
cyberbullying
The sustained use of digital technology to post-mean spirited messages designed to threaten, embarrass, harass or torment another is known as which of the following?
expert
Those who hold ______ kind of power have the ability to influence us because of their training and accomplishments. persuasive
be comfortable expressing differences
To sustain relational satisfaction, what must we do?
peripheral route
Trigger cues lead us to take a cognitive shortcut that requires little effort or thought. Such a shortcut is also known as which of the following?
complementary, symmetrical
Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson categorize relationships as either which pair below? Correct! complementary, symmetrical
norm of reciprocity
We expect to experience self-disclosure equity in our relationships, according to which of the following?
dual perspective
We must engage in which of the following when talking to avoid conversational damage? effective communication
in the fourth stage--depression
When Alice's grandfather passed away, she tried to help her grandmother to grieve and to then move on with her life. Alice's grandmother, however, felt that her former life had ended and nothing would ever be right again. Due to these feelings, into which stage of the grief cycle did Alice's grandmother enter?
an accommodative style
When a conflict arises, Lance tends to gloss over differences and downplay the involved disagreements. He is not assertive but is quite cooperative. His friends have suggested that Lance uses which of the following?
willingness to move disclosure to another level
When another person reveals the same kind of information we do, how do we feel?
In today's technologically advanced world, even a mobile device can function as a matchmaker for love and friendship connections. Looking for love nearby is a common practice, and growing numbers of people now use which kinds of applications to make instant dates based on proximity?
When men and women share both instrumental and expressive roles, it is known as which of the following?
shop talk
When men gossip, it is often called which of the following instead of calling it gossip?
ghosting
When one party simply avoids all contact with the other party, erasing the person from social media, and blocking all of that person's on and offline communication efforts, the action is known as which of the following?
one's behavior
When seeking to influence others, we usually try to modify which of the following?
False
When the parties in a conflict determine that there actually is no conflict, it is known as content conflict.
comparison level for alternatives
When we weigh the profits and costs of one relationship against those we might derive from another relationship, we are establishing which of the following?
Negative feedback can occur in a variety of situations, serves as a corrective function, and is a form of which of the following types of feedback?
evaluative
a faux pas
A conversational blunder is also known as which of the following?
transactional
A new and more realistic communication model, which emerged to capture the reality of communication exchanges?
more than a trillion
Americans send how many texts each year?
the preservation of dignity
Face-saving serves the purpose of which of the following?
intensity and duration
Facilitative and debilitative emotions differ in which two ways?
pseudo-listening
Fake listening is also known as which of the following?
True
If we perceive our goals to be at odds, we are more likely to display competitive mindsets
warmer; cooler
It appears that people from which climates tend to be more emotionally expressive than people living in what other climates?
Thoughts
Those who disagree with the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis believe that language does not influence which of the following?
Expecting one to behave in a way that has either harmful or beneficial results.
A trusting behavior involves which element?
SIDE
According to ________ model, we have different identities that make themselves visible in different situations.
action-oriented
Claire finds herself becoming annoyed when people she knows don't tell her information directly but tend to "beat around the bush" a bit. This indirect communication annoys Claire because she is which type of listener?
False
Conversing with another compels us to develop just a speaking presence and not a listening attitude.
social exchange theory
Cost-benefit theory is also known as which of the following?
cooperation
Defining a relationship as which of the following precipitates supportive, nonthreatening behaviors and the exchange of more honest and forthright messages?
physical expressions
Different cultures have rules that guide emotional displays, but ________ tends to remain the same.
emotional ineptitude
Displaying ____________ shows our ability to discuss or cope with emotions, which further contributes to relationship difficulties.
emotion contagion
Even when he is upset about his work or school, whenever Luis is around Rebecca he seems to "catch" her happiness and good mood. David is experiencing which of these?
Interpersonal communication unrepeatable
Every contact changes us in some way, and every experience, no matter how hard we may try, can never be recaptured in exactly the same way. This describes which characteristic of interpersonal communication?
closure
Every time we fill in a missing perceptual piece, we exhibit what organizational strategy?
standpoint
If you believe that those in positions of power have overriding interests in preserving their place in the social hierarchy, you subscribe to which theory?
visual and olfactory
In order to impress her date, Shaquita has dressed especially nicely and has sprayed on a bit of her favorite cologne. Which channels is she using to send a message to her date?
anxiety
Jason feels accepted by Tony and feels that he perceives him as a significant human being who is worthy of his time and attention. Jason is then less likely to experience which of the following about being placed in a vulnerable position?
Participants demonstrate incivility
On news programs featuring "talking heads," hosts and guests commonly use insults, speech that degrades, and pronouncements that encourage defensiveness or hostile reactions. This is an illustration of which of these?
to look at the situation from another's point of view
One of the greatest detriments to listening is an unwillingness to do which of the following?
pride
Pleasure, purpose, and along with what other feeling appear to be three key variables in the happiness equation that determines life satisfaction?
profiling; plague/harm
Stereotyping and racial ___________ have the potential to __________ interracial and intercultural communication.
False
The conversational maxims-relevancy, manner, quality, and quantity--are universal maxims used by all cultures.
150-200 wpm, 400-600 wpm
The difference between the speed at which humans speak and the speed at which humans can comprehend is known as the speech-thought differential. What are the speeds of speech and of comprehension of words per minute (wpm).
inconsistent
The media also influence our perception by molding our conceptions of the real world and people in ways that are _________ with facts.
in extremes
The media still often portray minorities and people from less developed countries in which of the following ways?
one half
The moderate expression of anger, compared with little or no expression, cuts the risk of heart attack by how much?
closure
The process of filling in missing information is known as which of the following?
interpreting
The second stage of the HURIER model is which of the following?
communication presence
The unique composite of characteristics we present in both the physical and online world is known as which of the following?
Attribution
This theory helps us to explain why others behave as they do.
Japanese
Those from _____________ culture tend to trust those who are silent more than those who talk a lot.
as individuals
To avoid interacting with an older person in a way he or she could find demeaning, young people should treat people in what way?
open yourself to and respect the differences that exist
To facilitate interaction with people whose cultural background or gender differs from your own, you need to do which of the following? ignore that differences exist
illusions
We need _________ to feel good about ourselves and maintain a sense of continuity in our lives.
control
We need to direct or exert influence over the self and others so that we feel we are able to deal with and manage our lives and environment. This is the social function known as which of these?
verbal, nonverbal
We negotiate the meaning we derive from interpersonal communication by sending and receiving what two types of messages?
schema
We tend to recall information that is consistent with our_______ and discount or forget that which is not.
False
We usually reproduce what we store in our memory.
probing
What kind of feedback is a nonevaluative technique in which we solicit additional information from a person in an attempt to draw them out as well as demonstrate our willingness to listen?
evaluating
When Carla tells Cassie the latest rumor about a class they both need to take next semester, Cassie weighs its worth and critically analyzes what she is told. In this case, Cassie is engaging in which activity?
Concrete
When they enable us to describe a feeling, an event, or a circumstance unambiguously, words are which of the following?
listening with our whole body
When we assume an attentive posture, make good eye contact, and display appropriate facial expressions, we are doing which of the following
high monitored
When we carefully craft a response designed to serve a particular purpose, we are offering what type of feedback?
True
When we organize the stimuli we perceive uniquely, we are creating perceptual sets.
honesty
When we trust someone because of his or her integrity, we believe the person possesses a basic _________ that permeates our relationship.
empathy
When we try to experience the world through the eyes of another person by recreating that person's perspective, we are engaging in which of the following?
the social identity model of de-individuation effects
Which of the following suggests that we have different identities that make themselves visible in different situations?
cultural content
Which of these may be directly connected to the environmental and situational context in which the communication occurs (its setting) can also affect its outcome?
priming
Which part of the conversation involves asking someone for input about a topic?
Argot
_____ is the special vocabulary of a coculture that enables the members of the coculture to develop both an identity and a sense of community.
Surprise
______ is the briefest of all emotions.
Pragmatic Code
______ requires us to consider the context of an interaction, the interdependent nature of our relationship, and the goal of our exchange.
Attending
_______ involves our willingness to focus on and organize particular stimuli.
Hearing; listening
_______ is an involuntary process; __________ is a voluntary process.
Careful Listening
__________ provides you with information and insights that enable you to exercise better judgment