Into to Matter Ch 2 Review
Dew collection on a spider web in the early morning is an example of?
condensation
During which change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered? a. boiling b. condensation c. melting d. sublimation
condensation
Which of the following changes of state is exothermic? a. evaporation b. melting c. freezing d. All of the above
freezing
Rank solids, liquids, and gases in order of particle speed from the highest speed to the lowest speed.
gases, liquids, solids
The atoms and molecules in matter a. are attracted to one another b. are constantly moving c. move faster at higher temperatures d. all of the above
All of the above
How are the meaning of the terms Boyle's law and Charles's law differ?
Boyle's law states that when the pressure of a gas increases at a constant temperature, its volume decreases. Charles's law states that when the temperature of a gas increases at a constant pressure, its volume increases.
How are the meaning condensation and sublimation differ?
Condensation is the change of a gas to a liquid. Sublimation is the change of a substance from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid.
How are the meaning of the terms evaporation and boiling differ?
Evaporation is the change of a liquid to a gas at the surface of a liquid. Boiling is the change of a liquid to a gas throughout a liquid.
Applying Concepts: After taking a shower, you notice that small droplets of water cover the mirror. Explain how this happens. Be sure to describe where the water comes from and the changes it goes through.
Example: As you take a shower, some of the liquid water evaporates and becomes a gas. When the gaseous water touches the mirror, the water releases energy to the mirror and condenses into drops of liquid water.
Analyzing Methods: To protect their crops during freezing temperatures, orange growers spray water onto the trees and allow it to freeze. In terms of energy lost and energy gained, explain why this practice protects the oranges from damage.
Example: Freezing is an exothermic change. As the water freezes, it releases energy. The oranges absorb some to this energy and warm up. (the ice also helps to insulate the oranges from the cold air.)
Explain why liquid water takes the shape of its container but an ice cube does not.
Example: The particles of liquid water can move past one another and take the shape of a container. Particles in an ice cube are locked in place and cannot move past one another. An ice cube holds its shape no matter what container you put it in.
How are the meaning of the terms solid and liquid differ?
Solid is the state of matter in which the substance has a definite shape and volume. Liquid is the state in which the substance takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume.
Which of the following statements best describes the particles of a liquid? a. The particles are far apart and moving fast. b. The particles are close together but moving past each other. c. The particles are far apart and moving slowly. d. The particles are closely packed and vibrating in place.
The Particles are close together but moving past each other.
What happens to the volume of a gas inside a cylinder if the temperature does not change but the pressure is reduced?
The volume of the gas increases
Which of the following statements describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases? a. The speed of particles decreases. b. The volume of the gas increases, and the speed of the particles increases. c. Th volume of the gas decreases. d. The pressure of the gas decreases.
The volume of the gas increases, and the speed of the particles increases.
Boiling points and freezing points are examples of?
physical properties
