KIN 2500 Thompson Exam 3- Lower
Which bone does the patella articulate with?
only with femur, not tibia
apex of patella
point at the distal end
ischium
posterior part of the pelvic bone; what you sit on=ischial tuberosity
Where the pelvic bones connect anteriorly?
pubic symphysis
ischial tuberosity
receives the weight of the body when sitting
calcaneus
underneath the talus, heel bone
Do male or female pelves have a greater pubic arch?
female, greater than 90 degrees
the patella only articulates with the _____
femur
distal tibiofibular joint
fibrous syndesmosis; high ankle sprains occur here; distal articulation of tibia and fibula
prepatellar bursa
fluid-filled sac between the skin and the patella; allows you to grab the skin on the knee
hallux
great toe
How do we know we are looking at the lateral view of the pelvic bone?
if we can see the deep cavity of the acetabulum
Ligaments of the hip joint
iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
pubis
inferior and anterior part of the hip bone; meets at pubic symphysis
What are the tibia and fibula connected by?
interosseous membrane
intercondylar eminence
irregular projection located between the two condyles; for ACL and PCL
medial malleolus
large projection at the bottom of the tibia
lateral malleolus
large projection on the bottom of fibula; important in ankle structures
greater trochanter of femur
lateral and more superior; muscle attachment
tibia
the medial and larger bone of the lower leg; weight bearing
ilium
the most superior part of the hip bone
What makes up the talocrural Joint?
tibia, fibula, talus: "U" shape where the malleolus come down called crural and the talus fits in there
knee joint
tibiofemoral joint; proximal; hinge joint
Which way does femoral head always face?
toward midline of body
pelvic brim
upper edge of true pelvis encloses pelvic inlet; important landmark
gluteal tuberosity
important for attachment of gluteus muscles; posterior side of femur
anterior border
shin
patellar surface
smooth area where patella rests to form knee cap
How to number the metatarsals?
start numbering at great toe (medially) 1-5
false pelvis
superior to true pelvis
ankle joint
talocrural joint
transverse arch of foot
*This arch of the foot is made up of cuboid, cuneiforms, bases of metatarsals *peroneus longus and tibialis posterior help maintain the arch
patellar tendon
continuation of quadriceps tendon
What is the pelvic girdle made of?
2 pelvic bones that surround the saccrum
cuneiforms
3 medial tarsal bones between navicular, metatarsals and cuboid that articulate with metatarsals 1-3
cuboid articulates with
4th and 5th metatarsal
How many tarsal bones are there?
7
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
A ligament in the knee that attaches to the anterior aspect of the tibial plateau. restricting anterior movement of the tibia on the femur
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
A ligament in the knee that attaches to the posterior aspect of the tibial plateau, restricting posterior movement of the tibia on the femur
posterior talofibular ligament
A ligament that connects the posterior part of the talus to the fibula
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
Posterior projection of the iliac crest and serves as an attachment for the posterior sacroiliac ligaments
mnemonic for tarsals
Tall (Talus) Centers (Calcaneus) Never (Navicular) Take (Third Cuneiform) Shots (Second cuneiform) From (First cuneiform) Corners (Cuboid).
fibula
The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg; non-weight bearing *does not articulate with femur
posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)
a bony projection located inferior to the posterior superior iliac spine
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
a flat longitudinal band found on the medial side of the knee joint
subtalar joint
a joint in the ankle found between the talus and calcaneus
anterior talofibular ligament
a ligament of the ankle that connects the fibula to the talus. this ligament is oft times subject to sprain.
Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
a ligament that attaches to the femur and the fibula; maintains stability of the lateral aspect of the knee joint
suprapatellar bursa
above the patella
What is the hip joint called?
acetabulofemoral joint: acetabulum of pelvic bone and femoral head
longitudinal arch of foot
acts to absorb shock of impact when foot strikes ground during walking or running. flattens on impact, elastic rebound helps propel foot off ground for next step
greater sciatic notch
allows blood vessels and the large sciatic nerve to pass from the pelvis posteriorly into the thigh
calcaneofibular ligament
an ankle ligament that connects the fibula to the calcaneus
anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
anterior and inferior
anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
anterior and superior
auricular surface
articulates with the sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint
What type of joint is the hip joint?
ball and socket; flexion and extensions, abduction and adduction, internal and external rotation
navicular
boat shape tarsal on the medial side
base of patella
broad, flat surface at the proximal end
acetabulum
cavity that accommodates the femoral head; all parts of the pelvic bone fuse together at this point by the age of 25
cuboid
cube shaped tarsal at lateral side of foot
true pelvis
entirely contained in the pelvic bone and protected by the saccrum
zona orbicularis
ligament that orbits the neck of the femur
lesser trochanter of femur
more medial and inferior
The shoulder joint is more ____ but less ____ than the hip joint.
more mobile ; less stable
fibular notch of tibia
on distal end of fibula that accommodates to hold the fibula close to the tibia
patellofemoral joint
patella and femur
fovea capitis
pit in the head of a femur
Infrapateller fat pad
prevents patella from touching tibia; allows you to kneel
The phalanges have a ____, ____, and ____ part.
proximal, middle, and distal; except for great toe has 2
intertrochanteric crest
region formed posteriorly between the greater and lesser trochanters for muscle and ligament attachment
linea aspera
ridge on posterior of the femur; muscle attachment site for quads
acetabular labrum
rim of fibrocartilage that surrounds the acetabulum and deepens the cavity
meniscus
rim of fibrocartilage, that is specific to the knee, that helps deepen the joint and provide stability
condyle
rounded joint surface with smaller epicondyles on the surface
Where does the pelvic girdle attach?
sacroiliac joint
deltoid ligaments
series of ligaments between the talus and calcaneus, very strong and supportive on medial side