Kingdom Classification of Biodiversity HL Biology Unit 5
How many domains are there?
3
how many domains are there?
3
An organism has the following characteristics: -single opening for ingestion and egestion -radial symmetry -tentacles with stinging cells. In what phylum would it most likely be classified?
Cnidaria
A plant has cambium in its vascular tissue and pollen is produced in male cones. The plant disperses seeds but does not produce fruit. In which phylum does this plant belong?
Coniferophyta
What plant phylum has woody stems and reproduces by spores that are released from cones?
Coniferophyta
This phylum contains vascular plants, but do not produce flowers. They do not have woody stems, and they reproduce by spores.
Filicinophyta
What kingdom consists of organisms that are eukaryotic and have cell walls made out of chitin?
Fungi
I am enormous but mostly invisible because my body is hidden under soil. When sexually mature I make spores in fruiting bodies that rise above the soil and release millions of spores. I eat by digesting dead plant material in the soil as I grow through it.
Fungi; mushroom
I grow inside living trees and slowly digest their wood, making it rot. I got inside the tree back when I was a spore that landed on a wound made by a weedeater. My body is a whitish, thready mass called a mycelium. I eventually kill my host tree.
Fungi; shelf fungus
_____ are types of antibiotics made by halophile archaeans. Just as penicillin was first discovered in a fungus, lots of pharmaceutical drugs come from naturally occurring compounds.
Halocins
All of the following are challenges of reclassification EXCEPT:
Hard to update online databases
TOPIC 2 REVIEW QUESTION: During DNA replication, what enzyme unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands of DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds?
Helicase
filter feeders
How do sea sponges eat?
How can molluscs and platyhelminthes be distinguished?
Molluscs have a mouth and an anus but platyhelminthes do not.
What kingdom consists of organisms that are all multicellular, eukaryotic, immobile and have cell walls made out of cellulose?
Plantae
I am a multicellular autotroph that lives on land. I grow flowers with eggs and pollen inside them, and produce seeds inside of fruits.
Plantae; Apple tree
I am photosynthetic and multicellular. I make my own glucose food from sunlight, but get my fertilizer from insects I can catch in my folding leaves.
Plantae; venus flytrap
This kingdom is very diverse. All are eukaryotic, most are unicellular, some have cell walls, and some are autotrophic.
Protista
What kingdom does this amoeba organisms belong to?
Protista
What kingdom does this giant kelp belong to?
Protista
I am a multicellular, photosynthetic, marine, organism with motile sperm cells. I grow very fast and live my adult life attached to rocks being pounded by waves
Protista; Kelp
I am a motile unicell that lives in pondwater. My body is covered with cilia and I can swim very fast. I eat bacteria by endocytosis
Protista; Paramecium
I am multicellular, and my body is shaped like a thread. I live in water and turn it bright green when my population explodes. I reproduce using motile sperm.
Protista; algae
I am both unicellular and multicellular depending on how old I am. When I am getting ready to reproduce, my cells join together to make a slippery, slithering mass that is bright orange. When mature, I dry out and release millions of spores. I eat by digesting dead leaves and absorbing the nutrients.
Protista; slime mold
What order to garden peas belong to?
Rosales
What kind of organism might you find living in this Yellowstone hot spring?
Thermophiles
Human Taxa
animalia, chordata, mammalia, primate, homindae, Homo, sapiens
vertebates
animals with a backbone
Which phyla have bilateral symmetry?
annelida, arthropoda, platyhelmintha
bristles
annelids have these on their bodies; although they are not always easily visible
Grand Prismatic Thermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park. The bright colours around the edge of the hot water are caused by microbial colonies that include _____.
archaeans
viruses
are not classified as living organisms
A good example of reclassification is a group of flowers called _____.
asters
Which of the following is not considered a phylum in the kingdom animalia?
bryophyta
Birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and fish are all classes in which phylum?
chordata
taxonomists
classify species using a hierarchy of taxa
What is important for a system of classification is that it is clear, _______, logical, easily implemented, and that there is a general consensus to apply it.
consistent
All of the following are reasons for putting living organisms into groups according to a natural classification rather than an artificial one EXCEPT:
determining morphological similarities
Which is the hierarchy of taxa in order of decreasing numbers of species?
domain, phylum, order, family
At the top of the hierarchy are the three largest groups for organisms, called
domains
Common names do not reveal anything about a species' ______ links, but its scientific name does
evolutionary
The types of archaeans that prefer extreme conditions are called ______ and include thermophiles (heat-loving), methanophiles (methane-loving), and halophiles (salt-loving).
extremophiles
Diffusion
how gas exchange happens in the Platyhelminthes
Binomial system
is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses
sessile
lifestyle in which the organism is stuck in one place
Which of the following characteristics is NOT indicative of mammals?
live birth
Which of the following is NOT a clade of amphibians?
lizards
chitin
material that the exoskeleton of arthropods are made from
archaebacteria
members of this kingdom are all prokaryotic, unicellular and have cell walls made from lipids
fungi
members of this kingdom have cell walls made of chitin
Nematocysts/Cnidocytes
stinging cells for the phylum cnidaria
Dicotyledoneae
the class name of the garden pea
feathers
the defining characteristic of birds
Hominidae
the family that humans belong to
Chordata
the phylum for all vertebrates
annelida
the phylum for earthworms
Cnidaria
the phylum for sea jellies and coral polyps
arthropoda
the phylum that includes insects, spiders, and crustaceans
taxonomy
the science of grouping and naming organisms by using a hierarchy of data
calcium
the shells of Mollusca are reinforced by this element
bilateral symmetry
the type of symmetry humans have
radial
the type of symmetry that Cnidarians share
million
there are more than a _____________ arthropods
eukarya
this domain contains the kingdoms: animalia, plantae, fungi, and protista
amphibians
this group of animals all lay eggs that have no shell
cladograms
tree diagrams that show the most probable sequence of divergence in clades
Halophiles
type of archaebacteria that you might find living in the dead sea
exoskeleton
type of skeleton arthropods have
jointed
types of appendages that arthropods have
Filicinophyta
vascular plants that are recognizable by the absence of flowers and by their triangular fronds made up of many smaller long thin leaves
What kingdom of organisms might you find living in the Dead Sea?
Archaebacteria
Which scientist developed our modern classification system?
Carl Linnaeus
What class do humans belong to?
Mammalia
What is the only kingdom that ALL members are autotrophic.
Plantae
Reptiles
all are ectothermic and have dry scaly skin
hair
all mammals have mammary glands, 3 middle ear bones, and _________
Animalia
all members of this kingdom are multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and motile
plantae
all members of this kingdom are multicellular, eukaryotic, immobile, and autotrophic
eubactera
all members of this kingdom are prokaryotic, unicellular and have cell walls made from peptidoglycan
natural classification
allows for prediction of characteristics shared by a species and helps with the identification
protist
amoebas belong to this kingdom
invertebrate
An animal without a backbone
Today, it is preferable to use ______ and genetics to classify organisms.
Ancenstry
What phylum of plants produces flowers?
Angiospermophyta
What kingdom consists of organisms that are all multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and the embryos pass through a blastula stage?
Animalia
I am a multicellular heterotroph that eats by ingesting grass. My species have males and females, and we cannot reproduce asexually.
Animalia; Cow
I am a fast-moving predator. My body has organs and tissues. I have excellent eyesight and my favorite food is ducks. I can fly
Animalia; Hawk
Methanogens and halophiles are examples of:
Archae
_______ are single-celled organisms that are distinct from bacteria and are very ancient.Required to answer. Single line text.
Archaeans
This kingdom contains organisms that are prokaryotic, unicellular, and cell walls made out of lipids.
Archaebacteria
Which invertebrate phylum is characterized by a segmented body and bilateral symmetry?
Arthropoda
In the classification of Streptococcus bacteria shown here, which of the following is true:
Both Viridans + Pyogenes share a common ancestor
What phylum of plants is all nonvascular?
Bryophyta
The best way to establish a natural classification is to base it on ____ _____.
DNA Sequences
This kingdom is all prokaryotic, unicellular, and cell walls made from peptidoglycan
Eubacteria
What domain do Strep and E. coli belong to?
Eubacteria
______ is the domain in which we find the bacteria you are most familiar with: the kind that makes your yogurt taste good, the kind that helps your intestines work properly, and also the kind that might give you an infection.
Eubacteria
I cause dead animals to really stink when I slowly digest their tissues. I am a single-celled organism with no nucleus in my cell.
Eubacteria; Decomposer bacteria (Pseudomonas)
I am a single-celled, prokaryotic organism that lives in the large intestines of mammals like humans. I reproduce asexually by binary fission and can reproduce this way very fast
Eubacteria; E. coli
All organisms with a eukaryotic cell belong to this domain.
Eukaryota
______ is the domain in which we find all other life besides Archaea and bacteria, from the microscopic single-celled yeast that helps bread to rise, to enormous organisms such as sequoia trees and blue whales.
Eukaryota
The name of the three domains are the Archaea domain, the Eubacteria domain and _______ domain.Required to answer. Single line text.
Eukaryote
If seeds of an unknown species of plant are discovered, what assumption can be made about the species?
Its male gametes are contained within pollen.
If two organisms belong to the same phylum, then they must also belong to the same _____.
Kingdom
Taxa
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Scientist have deduced that the common ancestor to all life was an organism called ____ which lived 3.5 billion years ago and parts of its DNA code can be worked out by retracing and examining the ancestries of various forms of life.
LUCA
What is the genus name of a garden pea?
Pisum
How many taxa are the three domains subdivided into?
Seven
It was determined that there are significant enough differences between the Old World asters and the New World asters that a reclassification was necessary. The new classification is a better reflection of which ones are more closely related to each other. The New World group was in the genus Aster, but now is in the genus ______.
Symphyotrichum
______ is the science of grouping and naming organisms by using a hierarchy of taxa.
Taxonomy
_______ are not in any domain because they are not alive and do not necessarily share a common ancestry with each other.
Viruses
class
a group of organisms that have evolved from a common ancestor
notochord
a line of cartilage going down the back that provides support to the animal
thermophiles
a type of archaebacteria that you would find in the hot springs of yellowstone national park
____ ____ uses ancestry to group organisms together, whereas artificial classification use arbitrary characteristics, such as whether or not a plant or animal tastes good, or is useful to the textile industry, or whose name begins with the letter 'c'.
natural classification
Bryophyta
non-vascular plants belong to this phylum
Linnaean classification was limited to ______ characteristics, and in Linnaeus's time little effort was made to classify organisms by their ancestry because nothing was known about the genetic connection between species.
observable
tapeworm
one of the most famous, or rather infamous, members of the platyhelmintha phylum
Organisms that belong to the same class also belong to the same
phylum
Porifera
phylum consists of sea sponges
Platyhelminthes
phylum for flatworms
mollusca
phylum that includes snails and clams
phloem
plant vascular tissue that transports sap
xylem
plant vascular tissue that transports water
Garden Pea Taxa
plantae, angiospermophyta, dicotyledoneae, roales, papilionaceae, pisum, sativum
Angiospermophyta
plants that have flowers and fruits
coniferophyta
plants with cones
jellyfish
probably the most notorious member of the phylum Cnidaria
segmented
refers to the fact that an organisms body is divided up into sections
Carl Linnaeus
scientist who came up with our classification system
