lab practical 3

convex; concave

The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column are ________ while the cervical and lumbar curvatures are ________.

manubrium, body, xiphoid process.

The three portions of the sternum, from superior to inferior, are:

superior and inferior articular processes

Which of the following features allows vertebrae to articulate?

lordosis (or hyperlordosis).

A heavily-pregnant woman who walks with a swayback exhibits an abnormal spinal curvature known as:

5

How many lumbar vertebrae exist in the vertebral column?

12

How many thoracic vertebrae are there in the vertebral column?

True

In the vertebral column, there are 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 5 fused sacral vertebrae, and 3-5 fused coccygeal vertebra to make an average total of 33 vertebrae in an older adult.

1. cervical 5.thoracic 3. lumbar 4. sacral 2. coccygeal vertebrae

Place the classes of vertebrae in order as they are situated in the vertebral column from superior to inferior. 1. cervical vertebrae 2. coccygeal vertebrae 3. lumbar vertebrae 4. sacral vertebrae 5. thoracic vertebrae

True

Ribs 8-12 are considered false ribs because they do not directly attach to the sternum by their own cartilage. Instead, the costal cartilage of ribs 8-10 attach to the cartilage of the seventh rib.

true ribs

Ribs that have their own coastal cartilages are called __________.

nucleus pulposus

The soft, jelly-like substance inside intervertebral disks is called ________.

False

Thoracic vertebrae have holes in their transverse processes known as transverse foramina for the passage of blood vessels.

sacral vertebrae

Vertebrae in which region are fused in adults?

thoracic and sacral

What are the two primary curvatures present in the vertebral column of a fetus?

vertebral body and spinous process

What does the first cervical vertebra (C1 or atlas) lack?

Sternum

What is the bone commonly known as the breastbone?

dens (odontoid process)

What structure is present on the second cervical vertebra (C2 or axis) that allows you to rotate your neck to say "no"?

superior and inferior costal facets

What unique feature is present only on the thoracic vertebrae?