Lab Practical I
Blood type ___ is considered the universal recipient within the ABO blood group.
AB
The ______ node is located in the inferior portion of the interatrial septum.
AV
The fibers that carry cardiac impulses from the interventricular septum into the myocardium are called _____ fibers
AV
The _______ of the conduction system is located through our ventricular walls.
AV Bundle
The first sound of cardiac cycle occurs when the __________ are closing
AV Valve
The First heart sound occurs when
AV Valves close
The P wave corresponds to depolarization of the muscle fibers of the
AV valves
What is the function of papillary muscles?
Anchor AV valve cusps during ventricular contraction.
One cardiac cycle will consist of
Atrial chamber contractions followed by ventricular chamber contractions
The surface of red blood cells in a person with type B blood has
B - antigens.
The serum of a person with type A blood has
B antibodies
During ventricular contraction, the AV valves are ________________.
Closed
Supplies blood to heart muscle
Coronary artery
The period during which a heart chamber is relaxing is called
Diastole
An __________ is a recording of electrical changes occurring in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle.
EKG
Inner lining of heart chamber
Endocardium
Mature red blood cells are also called
Erythrocytes
TRUE or FALSE: The systemic circuit delivers blood to the lungs and back to the heart.
False; circulatory
________ within the spleen engulf and destroy foreign particles and cellular debris.
Macrophages
The sound created when blood leaks back through an incompletely closed valve is called a
Murmur
Blood type ____ is considered the universal donor within the ABO blood group.
O
During ventricular relaxation, the AV Valves are _______________.
Open
Space containing serous fluid to reduce friction during heartbeats
Pericardial cavity
membranes around the heart
Pericardial sac
The depolarization of ventricular fibers is indicated by__________ of an EKG
QRS Complex
In the ventricles, the depolarizing phase of the action potential is associated with the
QRS complex
Normally, the ______ node serves as the pacemaker of the heart.
SA
The __________ of the conduction system is know as the pacemaker
SA Node
The second sound of cardiac cycle occurs when the _________ are closing
Semilunar Valves
The period during which a heart chamber is contracting is called
Systole
TRUE or FALSE: Chordae tendinae connect the cusps of the AV valves to papillary muscles of the ventricles.
True
The pulmonary and aortic valve open when the pressure in the _____________ exceeds pressure in pulmonary trunk and aorta.
Ventricles
Lymph enters through an_________ lymphatic vessel.
afferent
White blood cells lacking granular cytoplasm are called
agranulocytes
Distributes blood to body organs except lungs
aorta
The _______ is the inferior end of the heart that is bluntly pointed.
apex
The two superior chambers are the
atria
Arteries carry blood
away from the heart
__________ are normally the least abundant of the white blood cells
basophil
During the cardiac cycle, the atria contract
before the ventricles.
The shape of a red blood cell can be described as a
biconcave disc
Which of the following arteries is not a direct branch of the aorta?
brachial artery
Lymphatic passageways begin as lymphatic _________ that merge to form lymphatic collecting vessels.
capillaries
A ______ of connective tissue surrounds the spleen.
capsule
Drains blood from myocardial capillaries
cardiac vein
The function of red blood cells are
carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
Lymph finally flows into lymphatic _____ just before connecting to a blood vessel.
collecting ducts
The middle layer of an artery and vein contains mostly
connective tissue
What is the function of the chordae tendinae?
connects AV valve cusps to papillary muscles
Drains blood from myocardium into right atrium
coronary sinus
The P-wave in the human EKG is associated with the
depolarization of the atria.
The ______ lines the heart chambers
endocardium
White blood cells with coarse reddish cytoplasmic granules are called
eosinophils
TRUE or FALSE: The P wave of an EKG occurs during the repolarization of the atria.
false; depolarization
White blood cells with granular cytoplasm are called
granulocytes
_____________ is the oxygen-carrying substance in a red blood cell.
hemoglobin
The intended region where blood vessels and nerves join a lymph node is called the
hilum
The lymph nodes associated with the lymphatic vessels that drain the lower limbs are located in the _______ region.
inguinal
The _______ has the thickest wall
left atrium
Oxygen-rich blood is located in the
left-side chambers.
White blood cells are also called
leukocytes
Once tissue fluid is inside a lymph capillary, the fluid is called
lymph
Which cell has a large nucleus that fills most of the cell?
lymphocyte
Lymph nodes contain large numbers of white blood cells called ______ and macrophages that fight invading microorganisms.
lymphocytes
___________ are small agranulocytes that have relatively large, round nuclei with thin rims of cytoplasm.
lymphocytes
The thymus is located in the ______, anterior to the aortic arch.
mediastinum
Which heart valve has two cusps instead of three cusps?
mitral
Which of the following is the atrioventricular valve?
mitral
Prevents blood movement from left ventricle to left atrium.
mitral valve
Which of the following is among the agranulocytes?
monocyte
__________ are the largest of the white blood cells
monocytes
Layer largely composed of cardiac muscle tissue
myocardium
The surface of red blood cells in a person with type O blood has
neither A nor B antigens.
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte is another name for a _______ with a segmented nucleus
neutrophil
Which white blood cell has the greatest nuclear variations?
neutrophil
Normally, the most numerous white blood cells are
neutrophils
Lymphatic vessels usually lead to lymph _______ that filter the fluid being transported.
nodes
Lymph _________ that contain germinal centers are the structural units of a lymph node.
nodules
A mature red blood cell cannot reproduce because it lacks the ________ that was extruded during late development.
nucleus
The antigens related to the ABO blood group are located
on the red blood cell membrane
Structure from which choridae tendinae originate
papillary muscle
Small cell fragments that function to prevent blood loss from an injury site are called
platelets
Which of the following have significant functions mainly during bleeding?
platelets
Gives rise to left and right pulmonary arteries.
pulmonary trunk
The _______ pulp of the spleen contains large numbers of red blood cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages.
red
A _________ lacks a nucleus
red blood cell
The right lymphatic duct drains only the _____ quadrant of the body.
right upper
The spaces within a lymph node are called lymph _______ through which lymph circulates.
sinuses
The ________ is the largest of the lymphatic organs.
spleen
Lymph drainage from collecting ducts enter the ___________ veins.
subclavian
An antigen is a molecule
that has the capacity to initiate an immune response.
If the blood from an individual with type AB blood is mixed with anti A serum and anti B serum
the anti A serum and the anti B serum will show agglutination.
The AV valves close and produce the "lub" sound when
the ventricles contract.
The semilunar valves close and produce the "dub" sound when
the ventricles relax
The _________ is the larger and longer of the two lymphatic collecting ducts.
thoracic duct
The ______ is very large in a child and will atrophy in advanced age.
thymus
The lymphoid organs in the pharynx that are possible infection site are collectively called
tonsils
Prevents blood movement from right ventricle to right atrium
tricuspid
TRUE or FALSE: The dub sound occurs when the semilunar valves are closing during ventricular diastole.
true
TRUE or FALSE: The right and left coronary arteries containing oxygen-rich blood originate from the base of the aorta
true
Lymphatic vessels contain ______ that help prevent backflow of lymph.
valves
The T wave corresponds to the repolarization of the muscle fibers in the
ventricles
The QRS complex corresponds to depolarization of the muscle fibers of the
ventricles.
The tiny islands of tissue within the spleen that contain many lymphocytes comprise the _____ pulp.
white
The D antigen related to the Rh factor is present in about
85%
