Last test 13

Josiah is trying to decide whether or not to take a new job in a new city. He is worried that if he takes the job and fails, he will suffer from intense anxiety and depression. This is an example of

expected emotion

Ling is sure that if her boyfriend proposes she will feel elation. this is an example of

expected emotion

Stereotypes are reinforced by all of the following EXCEPT

the falsification principle

One hundred students are enrolled in State University's course on introductory physics for math and science majors. In the group, 60 students are math majors and 40 are science majors. Sarah is in the class. She got all As in her high school science courses, and she would like to be a chemist someday. She lives on campus. Her boyfriend is also in the class. There is a ____ chance that Sarah is a science major.

40%

Wally and shamika are on a date. Shamika asks where they should go for dinner, Wally says his coworkers keep telling him about the new Japanese place downtown so it must be great. Wallys response illustrates

An availability heuristic

Tuan bought a new leather jacket after saving for many months. When he wears it out the 1st time he finds 50.00. He refers to his jacket as his lucky jacket. His belief in the jackets ability is an example of

An illusory correlation

Donte purchased a new car less than a month ago. Now he sees it everywhere. It seems to be a popular car. This assumption is biased due to

Availability heuristic

The finding that people tend to incorrectly conclude that more people die from tornadoes than from asthma has been explained in terms of the

Availability heuristic

Terell volunteers his time to campaign for joel goodman. He spent all afternoon putting up goodman for congress signs around town. when he got back to the campaign headquarters he was just in time for the goodman-hernandez debate.

Goodman answered the question on job creation very well

Lydia is 48 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored in philosophy as an undergraduate. As a student, she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and social justice, and she participated in anti-nuclear demonstrations. Which of the following alternatives is most probable?

Lydia is a U.S. Congresswoman.

There are two gumball machines outside the local store, one small and one large. Both only contain yellow and orange gumballs, and each machine contains 50% of each color. For each coin the large machine dispenses 15 gumballs while the little dispenses 5.

Put coin in small machine due to probability

Imagine your friend James just started smoking cigars because he thinks it looks cool. You are concerned with the health risks and tell him your concerns. James gets annoyed and says his grandpa smoked cigars and lived to be 100, you might point out the major problem with his argument involves

Sample size

Mia has lived in New York City all her life. She has noticed that people from upper Manhattan walk really fast, but people from lower Manhattan tend to walk slowly. Mia's observations are likely influenced from a judgment error based on her using

an illusory correlation

Given its definition, expected utility theory is most applicable to deciding whether to

buy first class or coach tickets for a spring break trip

of the following real world phenomena the confirmation bias best explains the observation that people

can site several reasons for their position on a controversial issue but none for the opposing side

If a motorcycle cop believes that young female drivers speed more than other drivers, he will likely notice young female drivers speeding in the fast lane but fail to notice young male or older drivers doing the same. In this case, the police officer's judgments are biased by the operation of the

confirmation bias

Rosa is in a convenience store considering which soda to buy. she recalls a commercial for big fizz she saw on tv last night. Big Fizz is running a promotion where you look under the bottle cap, and one in five has a voucher for a free soda. this purchase is based on ________ and she will use a ____________ strategy

gains, risk-aversion

Sandeep is generally an anxious person. His anxiety sometimes gets in the way when he tries to make decisions. The anxiety Sandeep feels is an example of an ______________ emotion

incidental

Making probable conclusions based on evidence involves _____ reasoning.

inductive reasoning

Utility refers to

outcomes that achieve a person's goals

Gabrielle is blonde, extremely attractive, and lives in an expensive condo. If we judge the probability of Gabrielle's being a model quite high because she resembles our stereotype of a model, we are using

representativeness heuristic

The conjunction rule states that

the probability of two events co-occurring is equal to or less than the probability of either event occurring alone.

Failing to consider the law of large numbers most likely results in errors concerning

the representativeness heuristics

People tend to overestimate

what negative feelings will occur following a decision more so than positive feelings.