Lesson 3 - Displacing the Plains Indians
What were three distinguishing characteristics of the Bureau of Indian Affairs?
-corruption -ineptitude -inefficiency
What were the three distinct but confused positions of the federal policy toward the Indians?
-eradication -relocation -assimilation
Who administered Indian policies during peace time?
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Who led a shameful massacre by militia at Sand Creek?
Colonel John Chivington
What was introduced that was important to the Plains Indians to herd bison and become more effective hunters?
Horses
What was done to punish those who had participated in the massacre?
Nothing was done as punishment.
What was the Bozeman Trail?
The Bozeman Trail was a trail leading from Colorado to Montana through several mountain passes and valleys.
What actually led to the end of the nomadic character of the Indians?
The nomadic character of the Indians changed when the bison herds were destroyed.
Identify a difference between nomadic and stationary tribes during this time.
The nomadic tribes were not as exposed to white settlers and therefore did not contract deadly diseases such as smallpox.
Why was the migration of the U.S. white population to the West detrimental to the Plains Indians?
The white settlers and their assumption of territory meant further displacement for the Indians, the threat of eradication by disease, and impacted their hunting due to land treaties and the decreasing herds of buffalo.
How did the government end Indian attacks on the Bozeman Trail?
They sent all the Sioux to a reservation in South Dakota with fixed boundaries.
Who administered Indian policies during war?
U.S. Army
What was the earliest occupation of Plains Indians?
agriculture
What massacre of troops took place on the Bozeman Trail?
the Fetterman Massacre
