LOGIC - 2.3
Definition A "Metal" means an elementary substance that is crystalline when solid and that is often opaque, lustrous, and conductive. Which part of Definition A is the definiens?
An elementary substance that is crystalline when solid and that is often opaque, lustrous, and conductive
T/F A definition is persuasive only if it engenders a favorable attitude in the listener or reader.
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T/F A good lexical definition blurs various shades of meaning into a single expression.
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T/F A stipulative definition is either true or false.
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T/F A theoretical definition is, in the strict sense, either true or false.
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T/F All cases of multiple meanings in a lexical definition involve obvious differences in meaning as opposed to subtle differences in meaning.
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T/F All definitions share the same purpose.
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T/F All dictionary definitions are persuasive definitions.
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T/F Dictionary definitions are all instances of precising definitions.
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T/F From the standpoint of logic, many definitions are concerned not with words but with things.
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T/F If a definition engenders an unfavorable attitude in a reader or listener, then it is not a persuasive definition.
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T/F In a definition, the definiendum assigns meaning to the definiens.
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T/F In a definition, the definiendum is the word or group of words that does the defining.
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T/F Many terms in scientific theories are defined by persuasive definitions.
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T/F New words, such as words that refer to new inventions or new phenomena, are defined by a precising definition.
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T/F Persuasive definitions are generally unbiased and emotively neutral. Every definition consists of three parts: the definiendum, the definiens, and the stipulation
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T/F Precising definitions involve a completely arbitrary assignment of meaning to a word.
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T/F Proper lexical definitions should attempt to engender emotional or value-laden attitudes in a reader or listener.
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T/F Some definitions do not have a definiendum.
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T/F Terms employed within systematic scientific theories are usually defined with lexical definitions to capture every sense of the term.
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T/F The assignment of meaning in a stipulative definition is not completely arbitrary.
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T/F The definiens itself is the meaning of the definiendum.
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T/F The meaning given to a word by a precising definition is completely arbitrary.
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T/F Theoretical definitions are all equally fruitful, regardless of the deductive consequences they entail and the outcomes of the experiments they suggest.
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T/F Theoretical definitions are either true or false, just as are lexical definitions.
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T/F Theoretical definitions are just theoretical because they do not suggest any deductive or experimental consequences that can be tested.
F
"Diadem" means an ornamental headband worn as a badge of royalty; a crown. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Lexical
"Diffident" means lacking confidence in oneself; characterized by modest reserve. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Lexical
"Fiduciary" means having to do with a confidence or trust; a person who holds something in trust. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Lexical
"Intractable" means not easily governed; obstinate; unruly; not disposed to be taught. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Lexical
"Obelisk" means an upright, four-sided pillar that terminates in a pyramid; a dagger. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Lexical
"Football" means a sport in which modern-day gladiators brutalize one another while trying to move a ridiculously shaped "ball" from one end of the playing field to the other. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Persuasive
"Politician" means a person of unquestioned honesty and integrity whom the people, in their collective wisdom, have duly elected to guide the ship of state and protect it from the reefs and shoals that threaten it on every side. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Persuasive
"Psychiatry" means the fortuitous melding of modern medicine with psychology that promises relief to thousands of poor, desperate souls who suffer the pains of emotional disorder. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Persuasive
"Smoker" means a rude and disgusting individual who callously emits noxious tobacco fumes into the air, threatening the health and comfort of everyone in the vicinity. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Persuasive
"Television" means the electronic medium that keeps an entire nation of viewers in a state of seminarcosis by feeding them a steady stream of inane drivel. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Persuasive
"Assault" means, for legal purposes, an intentional and unprivileged act resulting in the apprehension of an immediate harmful or offensive contact. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Precising
"Blind" means, for federal income tax purposes, either the inability to see better than 20/200 in the better eye with glasses or having a field of vision of 20 degrees or less. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Precising
"Intoxicated," for purposes of driving a car in many states, means having a blood-alcohol content of 0.08 percent (.0008) or greater. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Precising
"Radioactive area" means, for purposes of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, any area accessible to individuals in which there exists radiation at such levels that a major portion of the body could receive in any one hour a dose in excess of 5 millirems or in any five consecutive days a dose in excess of 100 millirems. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Precising
"Recession" means, for purposes of the National Bureau of Economic Research, two consecutive quarters of negative growth in real GNP or in aggregate output for the entire economy. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Precising
"Bimboy" means a boy who is a total airhead. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Stipulative
"Dogbomber" means an inconsiderate person who does not clean up the messes his dog leaves on other people's lawns. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Stipulative
"Femikin" means a female manikin Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Stipulative
"Petrograb" means invading a country to steal its oil. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Stipulative
"Ramster" means an animal produced by crossbreeding a rat with a hamster. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Stipulative
T/F A definition is a group of words that assigns meaning to some word or group of words.
T
T/F A definition uses knowledge about the meaning of the definiens to assign meaning to the definiendum.
T
T/F A lexical definition is either true or false, depending on whether the definition accurately reports the meaning of the definiendum.
T
T/F A lexical definition is used to report the meaning that a word already has in a language.
T
T/F A lexical definition reports the way a word is actually used in a language.
T
T/F A new secret code is an example of a stipulative definition.
T
T/F A persuasive definition is used to engender a favorable or unfavorable attitude about what is denoted by the definiendum.
T
T/F A persuasive definition uses emotive or value-laden terminology in the guise of an unbiased definition.
T
T/F A stipulative definition assigns meaning to a word for the first time.
T
T/F A stipulative definition may either coin a new word or give new meaning to an old word.
T
T/F A theoretical definition can suggest deductive consequences that can be rationally or empirically tested.
T
T/F In a definition, the definiendum is the word or group of words that is supposed to be defined.
T
T/F In a stipulative definition, the assignment of meaning is arbitrary; but the assignment of meaning in a precising definition must be appropriate to the context within which the term is employed.
T
T/F In the following definition, the word "sand" is the definiendum: "Sand means small, loose grains of worn or disintegrated rock."
T
T/F Most logicians today hold that definitions are intended only to explicate the meaning of words.
T
T/F Not all definitions have the same purpose.
T
T/F One of the purposes of a lexical definition is to guard against the ambiguous use of a word.
T
T/F Ordinary words used within a specific context may be given a precising definition.
T
T/F Persuasive definitions are a synthesis of other definitional types with a rhetorical motive to engender certain attitudes.
T
T/F Persuasive definitions are evaluated primarily based on how effectively they function as instruments of rhetorical persuasion.
T
T/F Philosophers have held conflicting views about the purpose of definitions.
T
T/F Stipulative definitions are neither true nor false.
T
T/F The definiendum is the word or term that is supposed to be defined.
T
T/F The definiens is the word or group of words that assigns a meaning to the word being defined.
T
T/F The definiens itself is not the meaning of the definiendum because the definiens is only a group of words that symbolizes the same meaning as the definiendum.
T
T/F The objective of a persuasive definition is to influence the attitudes of the reader or listener.
T
T/F The purpose of a persuasive definition is to influence attitudes.
T
T/F Theoretical definitions are neither true nor false, but they may be more or less fruitful depending on the deductive consequences they suggest and on the outcomes of the corresponding experiments.
T
T/F Theoretical definitions provide a theoretical characterization of the entity or entities denoted by the word being defined.
T
"Gene" means the hereditary unit that occupies a fixed chromosomal locus, which through transcription has a specific effect on phenotype and which can mutate to various allelic forms. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Theoretical
"Gravity" means a force that results from the universal attraction that every particle of matter has for every other particle, and which varies directly with the mass of the particles and inversely with the square of the distance between them. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Theoretical
"Magnetism" means a property of certain substances such as iron, cobalt, and nickel that arises from the spin of the electrons in the unfilled inner shell of the atoms that compose the substance. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Theoretical
"Neurosis" means a chronic emotional disturbance that arises from suppressed or forgotten emotional stress (such as resentment, hostility, aggression, or guilt) experienced in early childhood. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Theoretical
"Sound" means a compression wave, in air or some other elastic medium, having a frequency ranging (for humans) from 20 to 20,000 vibrations per second. Stipulative Lexical Precising Theoretical Persuasive
Theoretical
is/is not lexical definition "Joyous" means happy; jubilant.
is lexical definition
is/is not lexical definition "Muse" means to think or meditate in silence; to gaze meditatively or wonderingly; to comment thoughtfully on.
is lexical definition
is/is not lexical definition "Star" means any of the heavenly bodies appearing as fixed luminous points in the night sky; a person who is celebrated or distinguished in some art; a prominent actor or singer who plays a leading role in a performance.
is lexical definition
is/is not lexical definition "Unruly" means not submissive or conforming to rules; ungovernable; turbulent; intractable.
is lexical definition
is/is not lexical definition "Ricevision" is a combination television and rice cooker.
is not lexical definition
is/is not lexical definition "Shallow" means having a depth of less than 72 inches.
is not lexical definition
is/is not a stipulative definiton In geometry, "trapezoid" means a quadrilateral having two parallel sides.
is not stipulative definition
is/is not a stipulative definiton Peter opened his dictionary to look up a word and discovered that "myriad" means ten thousand.
is not stipulative definition
The Ukrainian military is undertaking a secret operation to the northeast. Ukrainian officials are calling this operation "Operation Underground."
is stipulative definiton
is/is not a stipulative definiton A new form of meditation, called "urbitation," is becoming popular in urban areas.
is stipulative definiton
is/is not a stipulative definiton Engineers from Silicon Valley have created a new video format with ten times the storage capacity of a Blu-ray disk. The new format has been christened "Silver-ray."
is stipulative definiton
