Management 360 - Final Study Guide (Quizzes)

According to the video, a cohesive group is one whose members are very ______ in their feeling toward the group and are strongly motivated to retain their _______ the group.

positive, membership in

Groupthink is a mode of thinking in which group members' _________ overrides their ability to realistically ____________.

premature striving for agreement, appraise alternative courses of action

Many law enforcement agencies have a centralized organization structure.

True

How many people attended MLKs famous speech in Washington?

250,000

What was the estimated temperature on the day of the launch?

29 degrees

Morton Thiokol's original recommendation was to not launch until the temperature was:

53 degrees

What did Roger call the act of launching below freezing?

An act away from goodness

According to the video: How do great leaders inspire action? By:

Being driven by beliefs

Horizontal structures can be categorized as either centralized or decentralized.

False

Examples provided in the video of where groupthink can emerge include all EXCEPT:

Diverse Groups

A hierarchy is a organized structure of power relationships where the top-level holds the most power and resources.

False

Marketing units working with the sales department to understand their client base or accounting units working with both of these departments to give them an idea of what type of budget is at their disposal is an example of standardization.

False

The chain-of-command principle is a philosophy where each employee reports to and is accountable to only one manager.

False

Irving Janis found that groupthink was brought on by which of the following?

Group cohesiveness

According to the video, all of the following were historical examples of groupthink EXCEPT:

Impeachment of Bill Clinton

How do inspired leaders and organizations think & communicate?

Inside Out

Kennedy avoided a repeat of groupthink during the potentially explosive crisis that occurred around the buildup of soviet missiles in Cuba by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

Insisting that everyone reach consensus in a reasonable timeframe

Is groupthink inevitable?

No

Was there data on O-rings operating at the temperature that was predicted for the day of the launch?

No

What phrase did you hear when NASA was trying to influence the engineers at Morton Thiokol?

Take off your engineer's hat and put on your manager's hat.

Additional factors that were found to predispose groups to groupthink included all EXCEPT:

Practice playing the "devil's advocate"

Symptoms of groupthink include all of the following EXCEPT:

Subliminal subversion

What was the 'meat' of Roger's memo to Bob Lund?

The primary O-ring can fail completely

Based on the experiences of the engineers, what could be expected when temperatures were 53 degrees or less?

They could expect increased erosion and blow-by

The earliest approach to the study of leadership was

Trait approach.

A visual document that communicates how a company is organized is an organizational chart.

True

According to the Ted Talks video-clip: How do "great leaders" inspire others? They do so by asking the following questions:

What, Why, How

When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process, they are using: a. Authoritarian decision making b. Laissez faire decision making c. Democratic decision making d. Participative decision making

a. Authoritarian decision making

Which type of leadership employs position power or legitimate power to exert influence over others? a. Directive b. Empowering c. Transactional d. Transformational

a. Directive

Which of the studies found that leaders have two dominant sets of behaviors that predict success - consideration and initiating structure? a. The Ohio State Studies b. The Managerial Grid c. None of the above d. The University of Michigan Studies

a. The Ohio State Studies

Which of the following powers is NOT a type of positional power? a. expert b. ALL of the answers are types of positional power c. coercive d. reward e. legitimate

a. expert

Culture is observable to others in all of the following ways EXCEPT: a. goals and values b. policies and practices c. procedures and processes d. rituals and regulations

a. goals and values

Which of the following is a characteristic of a centralized organization? a. key decisions are handled by top management b. employees are able to make decisions and act independently c. operations can be coordinated at a divisional level d. coordination is difficult to maintain due to many authoritative figures

a. key decisions are handled by top management

Which of the following is NOT an approach to departmentalization? a. network b. divisional c. functional d. matrix

a. network

The group members are more open and respectful toward each other, and willing to ask each other for both help and feedback, at the stage of: a. adjourning. b. forming. c. storming. d. norming.

a. norming.

How groups function has important implications for organizational a. productivity. b. POLC function. c. hierarchy. d. mission and vision.

a. productivity.

According to the video, a consequence of high group cohesiveness is the tendency to strive for

agreement

Which of the following statements regarding leader-member exchange relationships is incorrect? a. If a leader is unethical, employees may not want to have a relationship so as not to suffer from guilt by association. b. All employees would like to have a positive relationship with their leader. c. A problem with a low-quality exchange relationship is that employees may not have access to a positive work environment. d. When high LMX employees succeed, leaders credit the efforts they put forward and their high level abilities.

b. All employees would like to have a positive relationship with their leader.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are not rewarded. b. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded. c. In team-oriented cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded. d. In people-oriented cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.

b. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.

Which one of the following traits is NOT a tool or behavior that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals? a. Charisma b. Management by exception c. Intellectual stimulation d. Inspirational motivation

b. Management by exception

Which of the following is NOT an example of the Unity-of-Command principle? a. Functional organization b. Matrix organization c. Divisional organization d. All of the above practice Unity-of-Command

b. Matrix organization

A culture that emphasizes precision and paying attention to details is: a. a service culture b. a detail-oriented culture c. an outcome-oriented culture d. an aggressive culture

b. a detail-oriented culture

A group of employees who work across barriers consisting of time, distance, organizational boundaries while being linked together by information and communication technologies are known as: a. an organic organization b. a virtual team c. a network organization d. free agents

b. a virtual team

The purpose of assembling a team is to a. provide improved performance. b. accomplish larger, more complex goals. c. compensate employees based on shared outcomes. d. collaborate on numerous tasks.

b. accomplish larger, more complex goals.

Factors that are important to culture creation include: a. founder assumptions and environmental opportunities. b. founder values, preferences and industry demands. c. founder leadership style and environmental threats. d. environmental opportunities and threats.

b. founder values, preferences and industry demands.

Firms that are flexible, adaptable and experiment with new ideas are _________ firms. a. stable b. innovative c. outcome-oriented d. aggressive

b. innovative

A directive leader tends to rely primarily on which of the following sources of power? a. referent b. legitimate c. personal d. expert

b. legitimate

Those who emphasize achievement, results and action create a(n) _________ __________ culture in their organizations. a. detail-oriented b. outcome-oriented c. team-oriented d. people-oriented

b. outcome-oriented

Group leaders can finally move into coaching roles and help members grow in skill and leadership in the stage of: a. storming. b. performing. c. norming. d. forming.

b. performing.

Group members are becoming more authentic as they express their deeper thoughts and feelings in the stage of a. norming. b. storming. c. performing. d. forming.

b. storming.

The fundamental factors affecting group cohesion include all of the following EXCEPT: a. similarity. b. strength. c. stability. d. size.

b. strength.

The ideal size for a team depends on the a. number of employees in the organization. b. task at hand. c. company. d. KSAs of team members.

b. task at hand.

A style of leadership that includes behaviors that encourage positive psychological capacities, an ethical climate, greater self-awareness, an internalized moral perspective, a balanced processing of information, and self-development is known as: a. Superleadership b. Shared leadership c. Authentic leadership d. Servant leadership

c. Authentic leadership

__________ power is how a manager influences people through the threat of or actual negative consequences for undesired actions. a. Referent b. Legitimate c. Coercive d. Expert

c. Coercive

Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about leader-member exchange (LMX) theory? a. In high-quality LMX relationships, both leader and member go above and beyond their job descriptions to assist the other party in succeeding. b. In low-quality LMX relationships, the leader does his job and the member does his. c. High-quality LMX relationships involve an active dislike between the leader and member. d. In high-quality LMX relationships, the leader has a trust-based relationship with the member.

c. High-quality LMX relationships involve an active dislike between the leader and member.

Task oriented behaviors are also called: a. Laissez faire b. Transformational leadership c. Initiating structure d. Consideration

c. Initiating structure

A leader who is _________________, according to the Michigan Studies, is characterized by directive, structural and task oriented behaviors. He or she makes sure that the work gets done, subordinates perform their jobs in an acceptable fashion, and that the organization is efficient. a. Consideration-oriented b. Employee-oriented c. Production-orientated d. Autocratic structure-oriented

c. Production-orientated

Which of the following statements regarding visual elements of culture is incorrect? a. Stories highlight critical events faced or heroic efforts put forth by individual employees to instill cultural values in employees. b. Employee handbooks are developed to convey rules which determine acceptable and unacceptable behavior in an organization. c. While physical layouts impact motivational levels in employees, they do little to convey the firm's culture to those employees. d. Repetitive activities in an organization, like weekly meetings opened with calisthenics, have symbolic meaning to employees.

c. While physical layouts impact motivational levels in employees, they do little to convey the firm's culture to those employees.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that authentic leadership encourages? a. self-development b. positive psychological capacities c. all of the above d. self-awareness e. internalized moral perspective

c. all of the above

What is the first step in increasing the chances of success in effecting a cultural change? a. changing key players b. role modeling c. creating a sense of urgency d. changing the reward system

c. creating a sense of urgency

"We survived!" is the common sentiment of the group stage of: a. forming. b. storming. c. norming. d. adjourning.

c. norming.

People-oriented behaviors include: a. Planning for increased employee performance b. Structuring employee roles c. treating employees with respect d. providing employees instructions

c. treating employees with respect

People-oriented cultures... a. emphasize precision and paying attention to details. b. value competitiveness and outperforming competitors. c. value fairness, supportiveness and respecting individual rights. d. are flexible, adaptable, and experiment with new ideas.

c. value fairness, supportiveness and respecting individual rights.

A poorly designed organizational structure can result in: a. Confusion among employees b. Slow decision-making c. A lack of cohesiveness among different departments d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Nelson is the manager of a marketing department in a medium sized company. Nelson has six employees reporting to him. In deciding the goals for the department for next quarter, Nelson is holding a meeting for employee input and direction. Nelson uses a(n) _________ style of decision making in the marketing department. a. Laissez-faire b. Authoritarian c. Supportive d. Democratic

d. Democratic

All of the following are consequences of a high-quality leader-member exchange relationship EXCEPT: a. Lower turnover b. Organizational commitment c. Job Satisfaction d. Effort in building good relationships

d. Effort in building good relationships

In democratic decision making... a. Leaders make the decision alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision-making process. b. The leader provides minimum guidance and involvement in the decision. c. Leaders leave employees alone to make decisions. d. Employees participate in the making of the decision.

d. Employees participate in the making of the decision.

A team may be charged with coming up with a new marketing slogan which is what kind of task? a. Production. b. Problem-solving. c. Directing. d. Idea generating.

d. Idea generating.

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of authentic leaders? a. They are not afraid to act they way they are. b. They understand where they are coming from. c. They have high levels of personal integrity. d. They have no set priorities.

d. They have no set priorities.

Research on transformational and transactional leadership shows all of the following EXCEPT: a. Transformational leaders increase the performance of their followers. b. Transactional leaders have positive influence over employee attitudes. c. Transformational leaders create higher levels of commitment to organizational change efforts. d. Transactional leaders increase the intrinsic motivation of their followers.

d. Transactional leaders increase the intrinsic motivation of their followers.

________ leaders focus on the creation of reward contingencies and exchange relationships that result in a calculative compliance on the part of followers, while __________ leaders create and communicate a higher-level vision in a charismatic way that elicits an emotional response and commitment from the followers. a. Directive, empowering b. Transformational, transactional c. Empowering, directive d. Transactional, transformational

d. Transactional, transformational

A team asked to manage an entire line of products including making decisions about products to produce, managing the production of the product lines, marketing them, and staffing their division, is given which kind of task? a. idea generation b. problem-solving c. production d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following is NOT a "Great Man" trait? a. masculinity b. dominance c. intelligence d. compassion

d. compassion

Teams differ in terms of the tasks they are trying to accomplish, and the major tasks include all of the following EXCEPT: a. production. b. idea generation. c. problem-solving. d. directing.

d. directing.

This organizational structure encourages the sharing of information and has dual lines of authority: a. functional b. divisional c. network d. matrix

d. matrix

A(n) __________________ is a group of independent companies that organize themselves to appear as one large entity. a. matrix organization b. centralized organization c. functional organization d. network organization

d. network organization

Companies that are collaborative and emphasize cooperation among employees have a __________ culture. a. conservative b. detail-oriented c. outcome-oriented d. team-oriented

d. team-oriented

Culture is observable to others in all of the following ways EXCEPT: a. the firm's physical layout. b. the firm's rules and policies. c. the firm's rituals. d. the firm's goals.

d. the firm's goals.

Teams where the manager serves as the team leader are called a. self-directed teams. b. empowered teams. c. self-managed teams. d. traditional teams.

d. traditional teams.