Management Chapter 1

The _____ principle, which advocated that each subordinate receive orders from a single superior, was among the 14 that were part of Fayol's contribution to the administrative principles approach to management.

unity of command

Which of the following would NOT fall among the resources that a manager uses in the process of management?

Efficiency

According to Mintzberg, which of the following manager roles involves initiating improvement projects and identifying new ideas?

Entrepreneur

Total quality management can best be described by which of the following statements?

Every activity within a company focuses on high-quality values that form the basis for delivering quality products/services to customers.

Which of the following statements about managerial skills is true?

Failure of managers to achieve desired results is most often based on poor human skills and a failure to clarify direction and performance expectation.

Criticism of the scientific management approach includes which of the following?

It fails to acknowledge the variance among individuals.

In the traditional approach to management, this management principle would be described as autocratic, whereas in new competencies, it is characterized by dispersal and empowerment.

Leading

In her conception of management, Mary Parker Follett would likely have disagreed with which of the following principles?

Management is most effective when based on impersonal and rational authority.

Modern management is best characterized by which of the following statements?

Managers are always looking for techniques and approaches that more adequately respond to customer needs and the demands of the environment.

Scientific management is characterized by which of the following statements?

Managers recognized the importance of personnel selection and training.

The underlying principle of the contingency view is best described by which of the following statements?

Managers understand that what works in one organizational situation might not work in others.

Coffee is grown in Sumatra. Local traders buy this coffee that is then exported to Specialty Coffees Inc. Marcus, a manager at Specialty Coffees, determines the amount and purchases that amount of coffee for packaging and shipment to grocery chains in the United States. Which of the following statements best describes Marcus's role in this sequence?

Marcus is involved in his company's supply chain management.

Which of the following individuals did not make a significant contribution to classical management?

Mary Parker Follett

According to Mintzberg, which of the following is a function of a negotiator?

Representing team or department's interests

Which of the following managerial roles would be more likely to be emphasized in a nonprofit organization than in a for-profit corporation?

Resource allocator

Which of the following would you NOT find among recent management trends?

Scientific management

Which of the following assumptions would NOT be associated with McGregor's Theory X?

The use of imagination and creativity in solving problems is widely distributed in the population.

Which of the following methods would NOT be included among the techniques of operations management?

Theory Y assumptions

At Glass Industries, the manager engages workers in committing to mutually agreed-upon goals and encourages their creativity in meeting those goals. This manager is a proponent of:

Theory Y management.

Manager Y wants to achieve high performance levels. How will she know when they have been reached?

Those levels contribute to attaining the organization's goals by using resources efficiently and effectively.

The _____ approach draws on methods and theories from sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics to explain human behavior and interaction in organizational settings.

behavioral sciences

In Cool Company's two subsidiaries, production managers meet monthly to share production processes and evaluate which are yielding the best results. They then incorporate those findings in improving output and the employee environment. This process is known as:

benchmarking.

Weber felt that rational authority should provide the foundation for management in his:

bureaucratic organizations approach.

Using limited resources to create something of benefit is labeled with the term jugaad, which some also refer to as:

frugal engineering.

According to Mintzberg, manager _____ are divided into three conceptual categories: informational (managing by information), interpersonal (managing through people), and decisional (managing through action).

roles

As the pace of change in the business world increases, management idea life cycles have _____, and the interval it takes for a popular management idea to peak has _____.

shortened; shrunk to fewer than three years

When an employee shifts from individual contributor to manager, the transformation can be likened to going from a(n):

specialist to a generalist.

Taylor Robins's company has just experienced an accidental explosion at one of its facilities. Taylor must act in her role as _____ and provide the public with information about the situation.

spokesperson

A difficulty managers often encounter when making decisions about subsystems is that:

subsystems are interdependent and decisions in one will affect operation requirements in another.

In this decisional role, according to Mintzberg, a manager takes corrective action during conflicts or crises.

Disturbance handler

Even though management and management practices seem to change rapidly, which of the following best explains the importance of studying the history of management?

A historical perspective presents a way to search for patterns and determine whether they recur across time periods.

Which of the following provides a formal definition of organization?

A social entity that is goal-directed and deliberately structured

Which of the following statements about management is FALSE?

Arranging events in chronological order is the primary contribution of studying history.

Which of the following organizations participates in an administrative principles approach?

Company B, which insists on unity of command, scalar chain, and division of work

Interest in the practices of management techniques that developed out of World War II was increased by the publication in 1946 of Peter Drucker's:

Concept of the Corporation.

A problem with a supplier's delivery capabilities has arisen for Nadia's department. In order to make a decision about the shipment and continued relationship with this particular supplier, Nadia will evaluate the supplier's track record of deliveries, the circumstances around the delivery changes, and the effects of her department's ability to effectively adapt to the delivery changes. Her analysis is part of which of the following perspectives?

Contingency view

According to Mintzberg, which of the following is a function of a leader?

Directing and motivating subordinates

Which of the following is among the top causes of managerial failure?

Relying on reactionary behavior

Maslow's hierarchy of needs contributed a great deal to this perspective of management.

Human resources perspective

Which statement best describes the difference between the human resources perspective of management and the behavioral sciences approach? Human resources perspective and behavior sciences approach are essentially the same thing. Human resources perspective is based on Theory X assumptions; the behavioral sciences approach is based on Theory Y assumptions. Human resources perspective advocates management by walking around; the behavioral sciences approach focuses on organizational design. Human resources perspective designs jobs so that workers are encouraged to use their full potential; the behavioral sciences approach bases practices on theories developed using various social sciences.

Human resources perspective designs jobs so that workers are encouraged to use their full potential; the behavioral sciences approach bases practices on theories developed using various social sciences.

What are the three categories into which managerial skills can be placed?

Human, conceptual, technical

Which of the following reasons explains why some nonprofits are complying with the aspects of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?

It allows them to be more competitive when seeking funds.

In a study of good managers conducted by Google, which of the following was NOT found as one of good behaviors for managers?

Micromanage your team for greatest productivity.

To fulfill the controlling management function, a manager would do which of the following?

Monitor activities and make corrections.

Manager Z spends her time at the beginning of a project dividing work into manageable activities and selecting people to accomplish these tasks. This activity is part of which of a manager's five tasks?

Organizing

Management theorist _____ is credited with creating the modern study of management.

Peter Drucker

Which of the following encompasses the four activities of effective management?

Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources

Which of the following would NOT be considered a social media program?

Print marketing

The difference between scientific management and the administrative principles approach can be expressed by which of the following statements?

Scientific management ignored workers' ideas and suggestions, whereas the administrative principles approach utilized workers' ideas and suggestions.

_____ focuses on the productivity of the individual worker; the _____ approach focuses on the total organization.

Scientific management; administrative principles

Managers in a large organization are less likely to be called upon in this role than a manager in a small business.

Spokesperson

A basic supply chain model for a retail organization would include which sequence of members?

Suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers

All of the following reflect the concerns of managers of nonprofit entities EXCEPT:

The focus is on improving an organization's products and services to increase sales revenues.

A dispute about a production process between two employees has escalated to a crisis level. If Manager Z is to be effective in resolving this dispute, which of the following skills will be most critical?

Using communication skills well

_____ is considered the "father of the quality movement," and his ideas form the basis of total quality management.

W. Edwards Deming

In fulfilling his main responsibility to the organization he works for, Manager A works to:

achieve high performance.

Achieving better quality requires companywide participation in quality control. Within total quality management, this concept is known as:

employee involvement.

Manager A oversees the work of five employees by monitoring their production output according to a rigid schedule. Manager B helps five employees set goals for meeting production output. In this management principle of overseeing work, Manager A would be described as a _____, whereas Manager B is more a(n) _____.

controller; enabler

An organization's _____ reflects the degree to which it can achieve its stated goal or accomplish what it tries to do.

effectiveness

Manager B's organization decided to discontinue two of its products that customers no longer felt met their needs and expand production of two other products that customers were demanding. This is an example of organizational:

effectiveness.

An organization uses a specific amount of raw material, money, and people as inputs to a production process in such a way that it maximizes output, contributing to organizational:

efficiency.

Customer relationship management systems: gather large amounts of data that are managed and made available to employees. allow managers to make decisions based upon their view of the organization as a whole. provide a basis for managers to identify important contingencies that guide their organizational decisions. are based on the four important elements of employee involvement, focus on the customer, benchmarking, and continuous improvement.

gather large amounts of data that are managed and made available to employees.

Manager C is a middle manager in Corporation M. In her daily activities, her _____ skills are required at a greater degree than her _____ skills.

human; conceptual

Alstars Inc. began a program for managers to help them learn how to empower employees to solve minor problems on the production line. This program follows the _____ perspective.

humanistic

The _____ perspective of management emerged several decades before the _____ perspective of management.

humanistic; contingency

Martin and Clara develop software programs that help the managers in their company address production, allocation, and scheduling issues. They work in _____, which is a subset of management science.

information technology

A recent buzzword that has come to signify an innovation mindset is:

jugaad.

The application of mathematics and statistics to management decision making and problem solving is known as:

management science.

The primary difference between management of business organizations and management of nonprofit organizations is:

managers in business organizations direct their activities toward earning money for the company and its owners, while managers in nonprofits focus more on generating a social impact.

A manager uses social media to coordinate brainstorming sessions among team members who are geographically separated as a tool to effectively manage the principle of:

managing relationships.

For new managers, one of the tasks they report as finding most stressful is:

managing time pressures.

The ideas that organizations are often complex and need to be seen as a whole, that management decisions in one area will likely affect other areas, and that what works in one situation may not work in another are descriptive of:

systems thinking and contingency view of management.

Nonmanagers tend to rely more heavily on the application of _____ skills, whereas to be successful, managers will need a greater level of _____ skills relative to other skills.

technical; human

At Street Industries, employee morale was low and affecting productivity. Management brought in consultants who trained them to be more positive with employees and give them tools to increase positive aspects of human relations within the company. The consultants work follows what was learned in _____ of the early 1900s.

the Hawthorne studies

An articulation of the classical perspective of management dates back to:

the late 1800s.