Mass Comm: Recording/Radio, Television, Online Media

Standard digital television

A standard for digital broadcasting that allows six channels to fit in the broadcast frequency space occupied by a single analog signal

High-definition television

A standard for high-quality digital broadcasting that features a high-resolution picture, wide-screen format, and enhanced sound

Rock 'n' Roll

A style of music popularized on radio that combined elements of white hillbilly music and black rhythm and blues

Citizen journalism

Journalism created by people other than professional journalists, often distributed over the Internet

Cutting the cord

Replacing traditional paid video services such as cable or satellite television with Internet-based streaming video services

Video on demand

Television channels that allow consumers to order movies, news, or other programs at any time over fiber-optic lines

Satellite Radio

The radio service provided by digital signal broadcast from a communications satellite. This service covers a wider area than terrestrial radio, is supported by subscribers, and offers programming that is different from corporate-owned terrestrial stations, but is costly and doesn't provide local coverage, such as traffic and weather reports

Alan Freed

was a disc jockey (DJ); promoted the mix of blues, country, and R&B under the name of rock 'n' roll

Internet

"A diverse set of independent networks, interlinked to provide its users with the appearance of a single, uniform network"; is a mass medium like no other, incorporating elements of interpersonal, group, and mass communications

Golden Age of Radio

1920s, 1930s, and 1940s; an era in which radio played the same role that television does today

Weblog (blog)

A collection of links and commentary in hypertext form on the World Wide Web that can be created and posted on the Internet with relatively little effort. Blogs can be public diaries, collections of photos, or commentaries on the news

Radio networks

A company that provides common programming to a large group of broadcast stations

Direct broadcast satellite

A low-Earth-orbit satellite that provides television programming via a small, pizza-sized satellite antenna; DBS is a competitor to cable TV

Packet switching

A method for breaking up long messages into small pieces, or packets, and transmitting them independently across a computer network. Once the packets arrive at their destination, the receiving computer reassembles the message into its original form

PBS

A nonprofit broadcast network that provides a wide range of public service and educational programs, which is funded by government appropriations, private industry underwriting, and viewer support

Hacker ethic

A set of values from the early days of interactive computing that holds that users should have absolute control over their computer systems and free access to all information contained on those computers; shaped much of the development of the Internet

Format radio

A style of radio programming designed to appeal to a narrow, specific audience. Popular formats include country, contemporary hits, all talk, all sports, and oldies

World Wide Web

A system developed by Tim Berners-Lee that allows users to view and link documents located anywhere in the world using standard software

Race records

A term used by the recording industry prior to 1949 to refer to recordings by popular black artists. It was later replaced by more racially neutral terms such as R&B, soul, and urban contemporary

Terrestrial radio

AM and FM broadcast radio stations

PeopleMeter

An electronic box used by the ratings company Nielsen Media Research to record which television shows people watch

Anthology drama

Brought live dramatic theater to the elite television audience (e.g. The Twilight Zone)

William Paley

CBS founder; direct competitor of NBC; saw radio's potential as an advertising medium that incidentally provided entertainment

David Sarnoff- Radio Music Box Memo

In 1915, he addressed American Marconi's director with the Radio Music Box memo, which outlined radio's potential as a popular mass medium

Ratings and Sweeps

Measure: Households tuned in to TV program/ All households with a television

Social music

Music that people play and sing for one another in the home or other social settings. In the absence of radio, recordings, and later, television, this was the means of hearing music most readily available to the largest number of people

Big three networks (radio)

NBC, ABC, and CBS

Big three/four networks (television)

NBC, CBS, and ABC; FOX

Who invented television?

Philo T. Farnsworth (independent inventor) and Vladimir Zworykin (RCA engineer)

HD radio

Sometimes also referred to as high-definition radio, this technology provides listeners with CD-quality sound and the choice of multiple channels of programming but is not yet commonly available in mass-market outlets or as standard equipment in cars

Covers

Songs recorded by someone other than the original artist. In the 1950s, it was common for white musicians to cover songs originally played by black artists, but now artists commonly cover all genres of music

Telenovela

Spanish-language soap operas popular in both Latin America and the United States

ARPAnet

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network; the first nationwide computer network, which would become the first major component of the Internet

Sweeps

The four times during the year that Nielsen Media Research measures the size of individual television station audiences

ASCAP and BMI

The original organization that collected royalties on musical recordings, performances, publications, and airplay; both organizations were established to ensure that musicians and composers would be paid for the music they wrote and performed on stage, on records, on the radio, as well as songs they published in written form

Who invented the phonograph?

Thomas Edison (1877)

Social media

Web sites that allow users to generate content, comment, tag, and network with friends or other like-minded people

Network affiliate relationship

a local station owned by a company other than the network; the affiliate carries many of the same shows or radio programs as the core media network; depends on agreements

Digital native

a person born or brought up during the age of digital technology and therefore familiar with computers and the Internet from an early age

Single sponsorship

early TV programs were often developed, produced, and supported by a single sponsor; meant that the advertiser could easily influence the program's content

360 deal

every aspect of their careers - recording, merchandising, marketing, and touring - is handled by the label

Influence of I Love Lucy

filmed in front of a live audience, depiction of an interracial couple, situation comedy, use of three cameras, and syndication

Golden Age of Television

first: 1940s - early 1960s second: last 15 - 20 years

Amos and Andy

fixture on the radio; show about two African Americans played by two white guys

Radio programming

format is designed to appeal to a narrow, specific audience

Self-distribution

grants the greatest amount of freedom; artists play, produce, market, promote, and distribute music themselves

Standard distribution deal

label underwrites the recording, manufacturing, distribution, and promotion

Syndication

off-network syndication (re-runs; what we think of as syndication today as reruns of TV shows on a separate network.) Available to anyone. First-Run Syndication (production company never makes a deal with any network. Up-for-grabs. Usually for cheaper programs that don't cost much to produce)

Guglielmo Marconi

read about Hertz' work and concluded he could create a wireless telegraph (a point-to-point communication tool that used radio waves to transmit messages)

Commercial and non-commercial radio

the first sells advertisement and its goal is to attract audience using well known celebrities; the latter sells fewer advertisements, has them spaced out, and has more freedom in the type of music they choose to play (e.g college radio)