MASTERING

What is true about both the epidermis and the dermis?

Sensory receptors are present in each

What is true about apocrine sweat glands?

They are located predominantly in axillary and genital areas.

primarily found in the genital and axillary areas

apocrine glands

Skin color is determined by the degree of oxygenation of the blood and the relative amounts of these two pigments.

carotene and melanin

hypodermis

composed primarily of adipose tissue

Pressure receptors, called lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles, are located in this layer of the integument.

dermal reticular layer

This accessory organ of the skin is composed primarily of dead, keratinized cells.

hair

The region beneath the free edge of the nail is called the

hyponychium

Name the substance that protects the DNA of rapidly dividing skin cells from the damage caused by ultraviolet rays from the sun.

melanin

These cells produce a brown-to-black pigment that colors the skin and protects DNA from ultraviolet radiation damage. The cells are

melanocytes

This structure located in the epidermis serves as a tactile (touch) receptor.

merkel cell

This region of the nail is responsible for nail growth.

nail matrix

layer of the dermis responsible for fingerprints

papillary layers

The ducts of __________ glands usually empty into a hair follicle but may also open directly on the skin surface

sebaceous

These glands are found all over the skin except in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. They produce an oily substance that lubricates skin and hair.

sebaceous glands

Keratinase is an enzyme produced by dermatophytes. Which organ and/or structure in the body would these pathogenic fungi tend to proliferate in?

skin, hair, & nails

Like all epithelial membranes, the skin has an epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer. The keratinized epithelial and connective tissues are

stratified squamous and dense irregular

From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis of thin skin are ________.

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum

The cells in this layer of epidermis are dead, and their flat, scale-like remnants are filled with keratin.

stratum corneum

the most superficial layer of the epidermis is the

stratum corneum

This layer of the epidermis contains translucent cells filled with keratin fibrils. It is found only in thick skin.

stratum lucidum

Which of the following is not a function of the skin?

synthesis

Thick skin of the epidermis contains __________ layers

5

What is not true about cutaneous glands, hair, and nails?

they are made up of entirely dead cells

true for both eccrine and apocrine glands

they produce sweat