Med Surg I Prep U Chapter 10: Principles and Practices of Rehabilitation

A nurse is describing the concept of habilitation to a group of families who have members in need of these services. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in this description?

"Habilitation focuses on the person's abilities."

During which stage of pressure ulcer development does the ulcer extend into the subcutaneous tissue?

Stage III

While repositioning an immobile client, a nurse notes that the client's sacral region is warm and red. Further assessment confirms that the skin is intact. Based on these findings, it's most appropriate for the nurse to:

document the condition of the client's skin.

Rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand is down is termed

pronation

A female client reports to a nurse that she experiences a loss of urine when she jogs. The nurse's assessment reveals no nocturia, burning, discomfort when voiding, or urine leakage before reaching the bathroom. The nurse explains to the client that this type of problem is called:

stress incontinence

When assessing a client's risk for pressure ulcer development, which finding would alert the nurse to an increased risk? Select all that apply.

• Edema • Anemia • Diaphoresis

A patient with a fractured left fibula is being taught how to use crutches. Which statement by the patient indicates that the teaching was effective?

"I need to allow my arms and hands to support my body weight."

A patient undergoing rehabilitation reports problems with constipation. Which suggestion would be least appropriate?

"Keep your fluid intake to fewer than 2 liters per day."

A family will be providing care at home to an immobilized patient at risk for impaired skin integrity. After teaching the family about reducing the patient's risk for skin breakdown, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the family states which of the following?

"We need to make sure that the patient drinks enough fluids."

A nurse is reviewing a patient's laboratory test results. Which serum albumin level would lead the nurse to suspect that the patient is at risk for pressure ulcers?

2.5 g/mL

A nurse is assessing a client who will be discharged home after rehabilitation for a stroke. The nurse is questioning the client about his instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Which of the following would the nurse address?

Cooking

A rehabilitation nurse is assisting a patient to cope with a disability. Which of the following would the nurse suggest?

Emphasize areas of strengths.

When describing the role of the various members of the rehabilitation team, which member would the nurse identify as the one who determines the final outcome of the process?

Patient

During which stage of pressure ulcer development does the ulcer extend into the underlying structures, including the muscle and possibly the bone?

Stage IV

A type of therapeutic exercise, performed by a client, in which the muscle alternately contracts and relaxes is

isometric

To prevent footdrop, the client is positioned

to keep the feet at right angles to the leg.

A nurse is completing an assessment of a client who has just been transferred to the rehabilitation facility. During the health history, the nurse asks about the client's activities of daily living (ADLs). About which areas would the nurse gather information? Select all that apply.

• Bathing • Toileting • Eating

The nurse is initiating a bladder-training schedule for a patient. What intervention can be provided for optimal success? (Select all that apply.)

• Encourage the patient to wait 30 minutes after drinking a measured amount of fluid before attempting to void. • Give up to 3,000 mL of fluid daily. • Teach bladder massage to increase intra-abdominal pressure.

The nurse is performing a skin assessment on a bedbound client who was positioned in a semi-Fowler's position. The nurse notices erythema over the sacrum and repositions the patient to a left recumbent position. The nurse anticipates resolution of the erythema will occur in less than

1 hour

The nurse assessing a client on a rehabilitation units notices that the patient experiences pain when his right arm is moved away from the midline of his body. The nurse documents pain upon which type of movement?

Abduction

The nurse in collaboration with the rehabilitation team is working with a patient on performing therapeutic exercises. Which of the following would the nurse expect to encourage to increase the patient's muscle power?

Resistive exercises

A nurse is caring for a client who requires a wheelchair. Which piece of equipment impedes circulation to the area it's meant to protect?

Ring or donut

What position should be avoided when positioning a patient in bed in order to decrease the incidence of musculoskeletal complications?

Semi-Fowler's

In which stage is a pressure ulcer considered a partial-thickness wound?

Stage II

A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client entering a long-term care facility. She notices a broken area of skin that extends into the dermis on the client's coccyx. How should the nurse document this wound?

Stage II pressure ulcer

Which type of incontinence is associated with weakened perineal muscles that permit the leakage of urine when intra-abdominal pressure is increased?

Stress incontinence

A nurse is caring for a client with burns on his legs. Which nursing intervention will help to prevent contractures?

Applying knee splints

For a client who has had a stroke, which nursing intervention can help prevent contractures in the lower legs?

Attaching braces or splints to each foot and leg

The nurse is using a measurement tool to determine a patient's level of independence in activities of daily living, such as continence, toileting, transfers, and ambulation. What would be the appropriate tool for the nurse to use?

Barthel Index

The nurse is helping a client who experiences frequent constipation select meal choices for the day. Which food should the nurse encourage the client to order?

Bran cereal

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient experiencing urinary incontinence and identifies a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to urinary incontinence and inadequate bladder emptying. Which of the following would the nurse most likely include as an appropriate fluid to encourage?

Cranberry juice

Which nutritional deficiency may delay wound healing?

Lack of Vitamin C

A nurse is performing passive range of motion to a client's upper extremities. The nurse touches the client's thumb to each fingertip on the same hand. The nurse is performing which of the following?

Opposition

Which therapeutic exercise is done by the nurse without assistance from the client?

Passive

How can the nurse prevent continuous moisture on the skin of a patient who is at risk for developing skin breakdown?

Practice meticulous hygiene measures.

A rehabilitation nurse is preparing a presentation for clients and caregivers about issues that clients with disabilities may face. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the presentation?

Priority setting is helpful in dealing with the impact of the disability.

The nurse working on a rehabilitation unit rotates a client's forearm so that the palm of the hand is facing down. The nurse documents this as which type of movement?

Pronation

A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation that focuses on promoting pressure ulcer healing. The nurse is planning to include information about appropriate nutrition. Which of the following would the nurse include as important for overall tissue repair?

Protein

A nurse has taught a client how to perform quadriceps-setting exercises. The nurse determines that the client has understood the instructions when he demonstrates which of the following?

Pushes the popliteal area against the mattress while raising the heel

A patient learning to ambulate with crutches advances both crutches and then lifts both feet, moving them forward and landing them in front of the crutches. The patient then repeats this motion. The nurse identifies this as which type of crutch gait?

Swing-through

The nurse has developed an evidence-based plan of care for a patient requiring rehabilitation after a total hip replacement. Ultimately, who should approve the plan of care?

The patient

A patient who has experienced a stroke is learning to use a cane to ambulate. The patient has left-sided weakness. After teaching the patient about using the cane, the nurse determines that the patient has understood the instructions when stating that using the cane on the right is done for which purpose?

To distribute weight away from the affected side

When developing a plan of care for a patient with impaired physical mobility who must remain on complete bedrest, which of the following would the nurse most likely include to prevent external rotation of the hip?

Trochanter roll

A client is on bed rest after sustaining injuries in a car accident. Which nursing action helps prevent complications of immobility?

Turning the client every 2 hours and providing a low-air-loss mattress

The nurse is fitting a patient for crutches that are required for an ankle injury. What quick method can the nurse use to measure so that the crutches will be of appropriate height?

Use the patient's height and subtract 16 inches.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an immobilized patient who has developed a pressure ulcer. Which nutritional deficiency would the nurse identify as placing the patient at risk for delayed wound healing?

Vitamin C

A client is preparing for discharge from the emergency department after sustaining an ankle sprain. The client is instructed to avoid weight bearing on the affected leg and is given crutches. After instruction, the client demonstrates proper crutch use in the hallway. What additional information is most important to know before discharging the client?

Whether the client needs to navigate stairs routinely at home

When is the optimal time for the nurse to begin the rehabilitation process for a patient with a cervical spine injury?

With initial patient contact

A nurse is teaching a client with a long leg cast how to use crutches properly while descending a staircase. The nurse should tell the client to transfer body weight to the unaffected leg, and then:

advance both crutches.

The nurse is working with a physical therapist to create a multidisciplinary plan of care for a client in a rehabilitation unit. The therapist suggests that the client would benefit from the use of light weights during shoulder exercises. The nurse incorporates this into the plan of care as which type of exercise?

Resistive

The nurse is reading the previous shift's documentation of an open area on the client's sacrum. The wound is documented as a partial-thickness wound whose etiology is pressure. The nurse anticipates the assessment of the client's sacrum will reveal a pressure ulcer in which stage?

Stage II

The nurse is developing a bowel training program for a patient. What education can the nurse provide for the patient that will increase the chance of success of the bowel program? (Select all that apply.)

• Set a daily defecation time that is within 15 minutes of the same time every day. • Have an adequate intake of fiber containing foods. • Have a fluid intake between 2 and 4 L/day.

To help prevent the development of an external rotation deformity of the hip in a client who must remain in bed for any period of time, the most appropriate nursing action would be to use which equipment?

A trochanter roll extending from the crest of the ilium to the midthigh

A nurse is working with a patient to establish a bowel training program. Based on the nurse's understanding of bowel function, the nurse would suggest planning for bowel evacuation at which time?

After breakfast

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory values of a client whose nursing diagnosis is "risk for impaired skin integrity." Which of the following values places the client at greatest risk?

Albumin, 1.5 g/dL

A nurse is assessing a patient's level of independent functioning. Which tool would the nurse most frequently use?

Functional Independence Measure

The nurse is assisting a patient to sit up on the side of the bed in preparation for standing. The patient has been on strict bedrest for more than a week. While assuming the sitting position, the patient begins to report feeling dizzy and nauseated. The patient is pale and diaphoretic. Which of the following would the nurse do next?

Have the patient lie back down.

A client spends most of his time in a wheelchair. The nurse would be especially alert for the development of pressure ulcers in which area?

Ischial tuberosity

The nurse and nursing assistant are moving a client who slid down in the chair. What does the nurse encourage the assistant to avoid shearing when moving the client to a higher position in the chair?

Lift the client, do not slide them.

A nurse is assessing a patient's risk for pressure ulcers using the Braden scale. Which area would the nurse address?

Moisture

Which disciplines should be consulted when caring for a client with a stage III heel ulcer?

Nutrition support and orthotics

The nurse is assessing a patient's pressure ulcer and notes a full-thickness wound that extends into the subcutaneous tissue. Necrosis and infection are present. The nurse documents this ulcer as which stage?

Stage III