Micro chapter 8

The DNA polymerase from which of the following microbes is used in PCR? Deinococcus radiodurans Bacillus anthracis Haemophilus influenzae Thermus aquaticus

Thermus aquaticus

Which of the following is associated with recombinant DNA applications of herbicide resistance? MacGregor tomatoes "Roundup-ready" soybeans BGH-producing bacteria Rice that contains beta-carotene

"Roundup-ready" soybeans

Three steps of PCR

1. Denaturation 2.Priming 3. Extension

Restriction enzymes ______ are made by bacterial cells All choices are correct. cut DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence can help protect bacteria from phage infection

All choices are correct

Which of the following are applications of recombinant DNA technology? Treatment of human genetic disorders Altering plants to make them resistant to pests Production of human proteins in bacterial cells All of the listed responses are correct.

All of the listed responses are correct.

Which of the following describes transcription? A DNA copy of a gene in RNA is made. An RNA copy of a gene in DNA is made. A DNA copy of a DNA molecule is made. Polypeptides are made based on an RNA sequence.

An RNA copy of a gene in DNA is made.

The shelf life of certain genetically engineered tomatoes has been lengthened due to the use of which of the following? Antisense RNA DNA fingerprinting Protoplast fusion PCR

Antisense RNA

The shelf life of certain genetically engineered tomatoes has been lengthened due to the use of which of the following? Antisense RNA Protoplast fusion PCR DNA fingerprinting

Antisense RNA

A gene library contains which of the following? Mutant strains of a particular microorganism Clones that contain fragments of an organism's entire genome Clones that contain all the genes from a single chromosome Clones that contain fragments of an organism's entire genome and all the genes from a single chromosome

Clones that contain fragments of an organism's entire genome and all the genes from a single chromosome

Which of the following molecules can seal gaps in DNA molecules? DNA ligase DNA polymerase Plasmids Sigma factors

DNA ligase

Which of the following methods of introducing DNA into cells can be used on intact tissues? Electroporation Injection Protoplast fusion and electroporation Protoplast fusion

Injection

Which of the following methods of introducing DNA into cells can be used on intact tissues? Protoplast fusion Protoplast fusion and electroporation Injection Electroporation

Injection

Which of the following statements is true concerning recombinant DNA technology? It is a single technique for genetic manipulation. It is useful in manipulating genotypes but not phenotypes. It involves modification of an organism's genome. It will replace biotechnology in the future.

It involves modification of an organism's genome

A thermocycler is a necessary tool for which of the following technologies? PCR Southern blots DNA electrophoresis DNA microarrays

PCR

Which recombinant DNA technique is used to replicate copies of a DNA molecule? Reverse transcription Gel electrophoresis Electroporation PCR

PCR

Which of the following tools of recombinant DNA technology is incorrectly paired? Gene gun: blasts DNA into target cells Southern blot: localizes DNA on a stable membrane Reverse transcriptase: bacterial enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific sites Vector: transposon, virus, or plasmid that carries DNA into a cell

Reverse transcriptase: bacterial enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific sites Restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific sites. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that uses RNA as a template to produce DNA

Which of the following statements is not an ethical concern about recombinant DNA technology? Biotechnology could be used to create biological weapons that are more resistant and virulent. Genetically modified organisms may reproduce sexually with wild-type organisms and transfer the modified genes. The use of genetically modified food has made food safer. Businesses should be allowed to patent organisms they have genetically altered.

The use of genetically modified food has made food safer.

Which of the following statements concerning restriction enzymes is false? They are found in all cells. They are an important tool of recombinant DNA technology. There are two basic types of restriction enzymes. They cut DNA molecules at specific sequences.

They are found in all cells.

The introduction of weakened microbial pathogens into the body as a means of inducing immunity is called __________. vaccination fermentation chemotherapy epidemiology

Vaccination

A mutagen is __________. a chemical or physical agent that can alter DNA the descendant of a mutated cell an enzyme that corrects mutations in DNA a molecule that helps proofread DNA

a chemical or physical agent that can alter DNA

Reverse transcriptase produces which of the following? tRNA Codons cDNA mRNA

cDNA

Triplets of mRNA nucleotides that code for specific amino acids are called _________. anticodons codons polypeptides exons

codons

A DNA gene synthesized from an RNA template is __________. recombinant DNA probe DNA reverse transcriptase complementary DNA

complementary DNA

Restriction enzymes __________. All of the responses are correct. are used to create recombinant DNA by joining fragments are derived from bacteria cut DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence

cut DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence

The technique of separating DNA fragments based on fragment size and charge is called __________. gene therapy genetic screening DNA microarray gel electrophoresis

gel electrophoresis

The use of DNA microarrays or other tools to find mutant genes in humans is called __________. genetic fingerprinting gene therapy genetic screening DNA microarray

genetic screening

Noncoding genetic sequences that have to be removed from premessenger RNA molecules before they can be translated are called __________. tRNA exons codons introns

introns

All of the following are applications of synthetic nucleic acids except __________. monitoring the expression of thousands of genes elucidating the genetic code synthesizing RNA and DNA probes to locate specific sequences of nucleotides in a target sample synthesizing antisense nucleic acid molecules

monitoring the expression of thousands of genes

Labeled nucleic acid molecules that can be used to locate specific sequences of nucleotides are called __________. restriction enzymes microarrays probes mutagens

probes

During gel electrophoresis, __________ DNA molecules move faster than __________ DNA. positively charged; negatively charged heavier; lighter smaller; larger longer; shorter

smaller; larger

The term genome refers to __________. the entire genetic complement of a cell the coding sequences in a cell the actual set of genes in the cell the non-coding genetic sequences in a cell

the entire genetic complement of a cell

Biotechnology is __________. the use of microbes to detoxify polluted environments the study of the cell's metabolism the study of the causes of disease the use of microbes to manufacture useful products

the use of microbes to manufacture useful products

All of the following are applications of recombinant DNA technology except __________. ANSWER incorrect altering plants to make them resistant to pests production of human proteins in bacterial cells treatment of human genetic disorders using bacteria to detect the presence of carcinogens

using bacteria to detect the presence of carcinogens The ames test uses bacteria to detect the presence of carcinogens