Microsoft Visual C# 2016 Final Review Quiz

parameter array

A local array declared within the method header by using the keyword params

formal parameter

A parameter in a method header

value parameter

A parameter that receives a copy of the value passed to it

____ is the process of changing a program's internal structure without changing the way the program works.

Code refactoring

output parameter

Convenient when a variable might not have an assigned value when passed to a method

The area where you design applications visually

Form Designer

GUI objects that provide an interface for collecting, displaying, and delivering information

Forms

A ____ is a control that is used to display text such as a prompt or a result of some computation.

Label

When a user types a value into a TextBox in an executing program, it becomes the value for the ____ property of the TextBox.

Text

To avoid data conversion exceptions that occur when a value cannot be converted to an appropriate type, you can use a version of the C# ____ method with an out parameter.

TryParse()

A 16-bit coding scheme for characters

Unicode

If you use the keyword modifier ____, you indicate that a method can be called by referring to the class rather than an object from the class.

static

The amount by which a loop control variable changes on each cycle

step value

In C#, you use the ____ data type to hold a series of characters.

string

In a switch statement, the keyword ____ starts the switch structure.

switch

The conditional operator ?: is a(n) ____ operator.

ternary

In the figure above, the item ____ points to an opening tag containing an attribute.

1

The equal sign (=) is the C# assignment operator.

True

A shorthand structure for programming a definite loop

for loop

The value of an uninitialized variable

garbage

A CSS comment starts with _____ .

/*

The Form class contains approximately ____ properties.

100

In the figure above, item _____ points to a named character reference.

4

In the figure above, item _____ points to a style rule that is not applied to the selected element.

4

decrement

A prefix or post-fix ____ operator reduces a variable's value by 1

implementation hiding

A programming principle compromised by named arguments

applicable methods

A set of methods that can accept a call given the passed argument list

A Form property that gets or sets the button on the form that is clicked when the user presses the Enter key

AcceptButton

actual parameter

An argument in a calling method

____ represent(s) information that a method needs to perform its task.

Arguments

Can hold only one of two values: true or false

Boolean variable

ref modifier

Declares a reference parameter

A declaration for a method that receives two or more arguments must list the type for each parameter separately only if the parameters have different types.

False

A pseudo-class and a class can be used interchangeably.

False

An element with a smaller z-index value is displayed on top of an element with a larger value.

False

Arrays, like all objects, are passed by value.

False

In C#, an array's elements are numbered beginning with 1.

False

You can overload an operator for a built-in data type. For example, you can change the meaning of + between two ints.

False

You cannot use the out or ref keywords when passing an array to a method.

False

____ provides the ability to extend a class so as to create a more specific class.

Inheritance

Lies horizontally across the top of the IDE window, and includes submenus that list additional options

Menu Bar

self-documentation

Named parameters can support this programming principle by providing clarity about the intended use of an argument

You can use the conditional ____ operator when you want some action to occur even if only one of two conditions is true.

OR

One of the key features of the Visual C# IDE is the ____, which is used for viewing and managing project files and settings.

Solution Explorer

Provides lists of controls that can be dragged onto a Form so that you can develop programs visually

Toolbox tab

A method can return at most one value to a method that calls it.

True

In C#, arrays are objects.

True

+= is the C# ____ operator; it adds the operand on the right to the operand on the left and assigns it to the operand on the left in one step.

add and assign

If you have a dual-alternative decision (you want to perform one action when a Boolean expression evaluates as true and an alternate action when it evaluates as false), you can use a(n) ____ statement.

if-else

With ____, if a programmer changes the way in which a method internally works, programs that use that method will not be affected and will not need to be modified.

implementation hiding

A(n) ____ arithmetic operator has one argument to the left and another argument to the right of the operator.

binary

In C#, a ____ is a collection of one or more statements contained within a pair of curly braces.

block

Some developers prefer to keep all declarations on the same line as the selector, as shown in the ____ in the figure above.

bottom image

A(n) ____ describes potential objects.

class

The event generated when a user clicks a control in a GUI program

click event

If you make a change to a program and try to rerun it, you get an error message that starts with "Could not copy...". The solution is to ____ and then try again.

close the previous execution

<= is an example of this

comparison operator

As an alternative to repeating code in multiple constructors, a ____ indicates that another instance of a class constructor should be executed before any statements in the current constructor body.

constructor initializer

In a decision structure, the if expression that precedes a block is called the ____ statement.

control

Another name for a definite loop

counted loop

A set of rules that determines how to format values such as money and dates that can be represented differently based on locale and tradition

culture

A loop that never ends

infinite loop

Describes the format and size (amount of memory occupied) of a data item and defines a set of relevant operations

data type

A ____ structure involves choosing between alternative courses of action based on some value within a program.

decision

Checks at the "bottom" of the loop after the first iteration

do loop

A loop body with no statements in it

empty body

To purposefully override the unifying type in an arithmetic operation, use a(n) ____ by placing the desired result type in parentheses followed by the variable or constant to be cast.

explicit cast

When you declare objects, their bool fields initialize to ____.

false

A control that has this can receive keyboard input

focus

You can assign nondefault values to array elements at declaration by specifying a list of values called a(n) ____.

initializer list

The data components of a class that differ for each object are stored in ____.

instance variables

Stores a whole number

integral data type

The environment the user sees is a program's ____.

interface

By creating a fluid layout, which is also known as a(n) ____ layout, you give your Web page the flexibility to adjust its width based on the width of a user's browser window while still maintaining your intended layout.

liquid

A variable that controls the execution of a while loop

loop control variable

Internally, computers are constructed from circuitry that consists of small on/off switches. The most basic circuitry-level language that computers use to control the operation of those switches is called ____.

machine lanuguage

A link that creates a new email to a specified recipient starts with ______.

mailto:

For convenience, the individual operations used in a computer program often are grouped into logical units called ____.

methods

To more easily incorporate methods into a program, it is common practice to store methods in their own classes and files. Then you can add them into any application that uses them. The resulting compound program is called a(n) ____.

multifile assembly

An identifier whose contents cannot change

named constant

The ____ operator is used to create objects.

new

An icon that appears beside a list or a section of code and that can be expanded or condensed

node

The expressions in each part of a compound, conditional Boolean expression are evaluated only as much as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false. This feature is called ____ evaluation.

short-circuit

Rules that determine the order in which parts of a mathematical expression are evaluated

operator precedence

Omitted ____ arguments are ignored for betterness purposes on argument conversions.

optional

Contains an inner loop when loops are nested

outer loop

When a method ____ another, it takes precedence over the method, hiding the original version.

overrides

A ____ consists of a pair of curly braces containing a number that indicates the desired variable's position in a list that follows the string.

placeholder

Controls the number of significant digits or zeros to the right of a decimal point

precision specifier

The ____ class access modifier means that access to the class is limited to the class and to any classes derived from the class.

protected

A ____ is a categorization of a Web page element, but it is based on a relationship or condition of the element at a given moment, rather than on a static property value

pseudo-class

The ____ class access modifier means that access to the class is not limited.

public

When an array passed to a method is passed by ____, the method receives the actual memory address of the array and has access to the actual values in the array elements.

reference

If a Button's name is reportButton, then the default name of its Click() method is ____.

reportButton_Click()

A ____ statement causes a value to be sent back to the calling method.

return

When creating a flowchart or pseudocode representation of a task, a ____ structure is one in which one step follows another unconditionally.

sequence

A method's name and parameter list constitute the method's ____.

signature

An implicit, or invisible, ____ reference is passed to every instance method and property accessor.

this

Some developers prefer to give each declaration its own line, often indented beneath its selector, as shown in the ____ in the figure above.

top image

Named computer memory locations are called ____________________ because they hold values that might vary.

variables