MIDTERM ANATOMY
A muscle that passes on the lateral side of a joint produces
Abduction
Simple squamous cells facilitate
Absorption and filtration
The rotator cuff muscles stabilize the shoulder. They are necessary because skeletally, the arm's only attachment to the trunk is between the WHAT and the WHAT at the WHAT
Acromion, clavicle, acromiocalvicular joint
A muscle that passes on the medial side of a joint produces
Adduction
The abdominopelvic cavity is WHAT to the spinal cavity
Anterior
The face and palms are WHAT to the body surface
Anterior
Transitional epithelium is found
Bladder lining
Bone cells support
Bone
Symptoms of osteoporosis
Bone pain, tenderness, weakened and brittle bones
What happens when bones resorption outpaces bone deposition?
Bones can weaken and break
Right iliac region contains
Cecum
You place your hands on your patient's abdomen just below the right costal margin at the midclavicular line. You ask your patient to take a deep breath in as you firmly press on the abdomen. If your patient experiences pain from this action, the most likely diagnosis is
Cholecystitis (disease of the GB)
The shoulder girdle's only attachment with the axial skeleton is between the WHAT and WHAT
Clavicle, manubrium
A broad type of tissue, including bone, cartilage, and blood
Connective tissue
The unilateral action of the SCM produces WHAT rotation of the head
Contralateral
Divides the body into a front and back
Coronal plane
The vastus intermedius is what to the rectus femoris
Deep
The elbow is WHAT to the shoulder
Distal
The knee is what to the hip
Distal
Body cavity closer to the back of the body
Dorsal
Exocrine glands possess WHAT into which their products are secreted?
Ducts
Generally found linking structures and cavities
Epithelial tissue
A muscle that passes on the posterior side of a joint produces
Extension
A muscle that passes on the anterior side of a joint produces
Flexion
The bilateral action of the SCM produces WHAT of the head
Flexion
Simple columnar epithelium is found
Gallbladder
Examples of exocrine gland ducts
Goblet cells and mammary glands
The muscles primarily responsible for knee flexion
Hamstrings
All rotator cuff muscles attach to
Head of the humerus
Bone that serves as an attachment point for the tongue and does not articulate with any other bone
Hyoid
The abdominopelvic cavity is WHAT to the thoracic cavity
Inferior
The extensor digitorum longus is what to the tensor fascia lata
Inferior
The unilateral action of the SCM produces WHAT flexion of the head
Ipsilateral
Epithelial cells important for production of the outer layer of the skin
Keratinocyte
How does Vitamin D synthesis happen?
Keratinocytes in the epidermis absorb UV radiation and produce vitamin D
Parietal bones meet occipital bones at
Lambdoid suture
The Tibialis anterior is what to the tibia
Lateral
Stratified squamous epithelium is foiund
Lining of esophagus
Simple squamous epithelium is found
Lining of the heart
Stratified cuboidal epithelium is found
Mammary glands
Responsible for skin's pigment
Melanocyte
detect touch stimuli and transmit these signals to sensory nerves
Merkel cells
The dermis is what layer of the skin
Middle
Divides the body vertically into equal right and left sides
Midsagittal plane
An important tissue for locomotion, includes three types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Muscular tissue
An important tissue for communication in the body that relies on electrical signalling
Nervous tissue
Epithelial cells protect
Organs
Which bone cells are responsible for synthesizing new bone matrix?
Osteoblasts
Which bone cells break down bone material?
Osteoclasts
Which bone cells maintain the bone matrix around them?
Osteocytes
What is the function unit of compact bone?
Osteons
simple cuboidal epithelium is found
Ovary surface
Blood cells carry
Oxygen
Bones that compose the orbit
Palatine, zygomatic, frontal, sphenoid, lacrimal, ethmoid, maxillae
What glands are responsible for secreting hormones to maintain calcium homeostasis?
Parathyroid gland
The layer of serous membrane that lines the walls of the body cavity
Parietal
Stratified squamous cells tend to
Protect underlying tissues from abrasion
The fused muscles of the pelvic girdle that attach the lower body to the trunk and are responsible for hip flexion
Psoas major, Psoas minor, Iliacus
The muscles primarily responsible for knee extension
Quadriceps
Sex cells enable
Reproduction
Right Hypochrondriac region contains
Right lobe of liver, gallbladder
LLQ organs
SI, LI, left ureter, left ovary/tube/ left spermatic cord
Divides the body vertically into right and left sides
Sagittal
A sideways lateral curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty
Scoliosis
Produces oil, generally found around hair cells
Sebaceous gland
Nerve cells transmit
Signals
Stratified columnar epithelium
Small amounts in male urethra
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found
Sperm carrying ducts
Difference between spongy and compact bone
Spongy bone is less dense, weaker, lighter, more flexible with a greater surface area
The 2 heads of the Sternocleidomastoid
Sternal and mastoid
Epigastric region contains
Stomach
The gastrocnemius is what to the soleus
Superficial
The top of the head is the most WHAT part of the body
Superior
Important for cooling the body
Sweat gland
Which body cavity afford the least protection of its internal structures?
The abdominal cavity
Muscle cells move
The body
Example of endocrine gland
Thyroid
1. Platelets from torn vessels form a mesh-like clot that prevents blood loss 2. Inflammation occurs in the area as tissue repair begins 3. Mast cells release histamine that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to the repair site, further promoting clot formation 4. Neutrophils and macrophages consume bacteria and remove damaged tissue and debris 5. Fibroblasts build new tissue by secreting collagen that takes the shape of the original tissue 6. The tissue created by fibroblasts matures and regains its normal function
Tissue repair
Articulate anteriorly with the sternum via costal cartilages
True ribs
Body cavity towards the front or belly
Ventral
The vastus lateralis is what to the semitendinosus
Ventral
The Layer of the serous membrane covers the organs
Visceral
Hypogastric region contains
appendix, urinary bladder
Right lumbar region contains
ascending colon of large intestine
ABCDEs of melanoma
asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution
Divides the body into a top and bottom
axial (transverse) plane
RLQ organs
cecum, appendix, right ovary and tube, right ureter, right spermatic cord, intestines
The frontal bone meets the parietal bones at the
coronal suture
Left lumbar region contains
descending colon of large intestine
Muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity
diaphragm
Left hypochondriac region contains
diaphragm, spleen
Left iliac region
initial part of sigmoid colon
Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into
interstitial fluid or bloodstream
RUQ organs
liver, gallbladder, right kidney, duodenum, large intestine, small intestine
The heart is WHAT to the lungs
medial
The buttocks and shoulder blades are on the
posterior body surface
The elbow is WHAT to the fingers
proximal
Parietal bones are separated by the
sagittal suture
LUQ organs
stomach, spleen, pancreas, large/small intestines, left kidney
Umbilical region contains
transverse colon of large intestine, small intestine