Module 140 Unit 1

Nonverbal communication

Information conveyed through the language of gesture and actions, including body language.

Support group

Involves group of people with similar problems attending meetings together.

Bipolar disorder

Mood disorder characterized by swings of mood between depression and mania.

Neuroses

Pertaining to one who has an abnormal emotional or mental disorder.

Prejudice

Preformed and unfavorable belief or attitude toward a certain culture or group with little or no information about the culture or group.

Schizofrenia

Psychotic disorder marked by a variety of symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations, disorganized and incoherent speech, severe emotional abnormalities, and withdraw into a inner world.

Stressor

Real or imagined event that causes stress.

Bias

Unfair preference or dislike of something that prevents an impartial opinion of someone or something; favoring a certain belief or attitude.

Cast cutter

Equipment to remove a cast.

Prenatal period

First period of child development; covers the process from conception until birth.

Cast

Form of inflexible bandage , applied for the purpose of immobilizing a broken bone or a strain or sprain.

Stereotyping

Formation of negative beliefs or attitudes concerning specific characteristics of a person or group and applying them unfairly to an entire population.

Stress

Body's reaction to the world around it; which can be emotional, intellectual, or physical.

Psychiatry

Branch of medicine the deals with diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.

Cognitive disorder

Cognitive disorders impair the ability of a patient to think clearly.

Personality disorders

Include narcissistic (self-centered), paranoid (abnormally concerned that people will hurt oneself), anti-social (not concerned with laws and other people), histrionic (dramatic), and borderline behavior (impulsive behavior).

Anxiety disorder

Mental disorder that can affect adults and children and are chronic, growing progressively worse if not treated. Symptoms include excessive, irrational fear or dread.

Psychoses

Mental disorder that interferes with patient's perceptions of reality and their ability to cope with the demands of daily living.

Psychotherapy

Method for treating mental disorders including psychoanalysis, humanistic therapies, and family and group therapies.

Reaction formation

A mechanism that causes people to act exactly opposite to the way they feel.

Introjection

A form of identification that allows for the acceptance of other's norms and values into oneself, even when contrary to one's previous assumptions.

Intelectualization

A mechanism by which an emotional response that normally would accompany an uncomfortable or painful incident is evaded by the use of rational explanation that remove from the incident any personal significance and feelings.

Projection

A process in which blame is attached to others or the environment for unacceptable desires, thoughts, shortcomings and mistakes.

Denial

A refusal to believe that dying is taking place.

Denial

An attempt to screen or ignore unacceptable realities by refusing to acknowledge them.

Repression

An unconscious mechanism by which threatening thoughts, feelings, and desires are kept from becoming conscious; the repressed material is denied entry into consciousness.

Dexterity

Ability to use one's hands effectively.

Marlow's hierarchy of needs

Abraham Maslow developed a hierarchy of needs in which he maintained that people had special needs and moved through various levels in achieving satisfaction in life. physical needs, security and safe needs, love and social needs, self-stem/status, self actualization/ self fullfilment.

Adulthood

Age designation from 20 years of age to death.

Undoing

An action or words designed to cancel some disapproved thoughts, impulses, or acts in which the person relieves guilt by making reparation.

Identification

An attempt to manage anxiety by imitating the behavior of someone feared or respected.

Anger

At this stage, patient shows anger towards people or God, family and health care professionals.

Terminal illness

Condition that is expected to end in death.

Compensation

Covering up weaknesses by emphasizing a more desirable trait or by overachievement in a more comfortable area.

Defense mechanisms

Defense mechanisms operate at a subconscious level to manage anxiety by denying, misinterpreting, or distorting reality.

Sublimation

Displacement of energy associated with more primitive sexual or aggressive drives into socially acceptable activities.

Electroconvulsive therapy

ECT- Procedure occasionally used for cases of prolonged major depression, in which an electrode is placed on one or both sides of patient's head and low voltage current is turned on briefly, causing a convulsive seizure.

Learning outcomes

Goals of education; that is what the patient should achieve as a result of teaching.

Racionalization

Justification of certain behaviors by faulty logic and script ion of motives that are socially acceptable but did not in fact inspire the behavior.

Childhood

Last period of child development; from ages 3 to 11.

Passive listening

Listening to someone without having to reply, such as when listening as a member of an audience.

Minimization

Not acknowledging the significance of one's behavior.

Non-compliance

Not following the physician's orders.

Active listening

Paying attention completely to the speaker, concentrating on the verbal message, watching for non-verbal clues, and offering a response.

Regression

Resorting to an earlier, more comfortable level of functioning that is characteristically less demanding and responsible.

Psycology

Science of behavior and the human thought process

Infancy

Second period of child development from birth to toddlerhood.

Motivation

Stimulus that drives someone to act.

Psychopharmacology

Study of the effects of drugs on the mind and the brain, particularly the use of drugs in treating mental disorders.

Acceptance

The acceptance stage is characterized by a sense of peace and calm.

Substitution

The replacement of a highly valued unacceptable, or unavailable object by a less valuable, acceptable, or available object.

Bargaining

The third stage of grief involves attempting to gain time by making promises in return.

Displacement

The transferring or discharging of emotional reactions from one object or person to another object or person.

Depression

This stage is marked with deep sadness over the loss of health, independence, and eventually life.

Adolescence

Transition period between puberty and adulthood.

Type A behavior

Type A individuals tend to be very competitive and self-critical. They are easily wound up and tend to overreact. They also tend to have high blood pressure . They have a sense of urgency, they are impatient. They tend to easily aroused lo anger or hostility. They tend to see the worse in others, displaying anger and a lack of compassion.

Type B behavior

Type B personality tend to be more tolerant of others, are more relaxed, more reflective, experience lower levels of anxiety and display higher level of imagination and creativity.