Module 44

the scapegoat theory

After the events of 9/11, some Americans began boycotting Arab-American stores and lashing out at any person they perceived as Middle Eastern. This behavior is best explained in terms of:

more; less

Compared with nonplayers, people with extensive exposure to violent video gaming display ________ desensitization to violence, and they are ________ likely to help an injured victim.

outgroup homogeneity effect

During lunch a group of computer science majors were discussing their choice of field. One student admitted that he had once considered becoming an accountant but decided against it because "accountants are all boring number crunchers without an ounce of creativity." This statement best reflects the:

father care

High rates of violence are most common among those who experience minimal levels of:

implicit prejudice

If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces, this finding would illustrate:

the blame-the- victim-phenomenon

In some countries, women who have been raped are sometimes sentenced to punishment for having violated a law against adultery. This best illustrates:

Chinese people tend to look pretty much alike

Joie, age 19, is a Black female university sophomore. Research on how we categorize social information suggests that Joie is most likely to believe that most:

ingroup bias

Kelly is a Republican and Carlos is a Democrat. Both believe that the members of their own political party are more fair-minded and trustworthy than members of any other party. This belief best illustrates:

warrior

Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is sometimes called the ________ gene.

in group; outgroup

Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. In terms of basic social categories, the members of Nestor's cross-country ski club are the _____ and the members of the downhill ski club are the _____.

encouraging them to engage in more thoughtful moral reasoning

One aggression-replacement program has brought down re-arrest rates of juvenile offenders by:

hindsight bias

Only when research participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the woman's behavior as inviting rape. This best illustrates that victim blaming is fueled by:

discrimination

Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in:

animals can be bred for aggression in humans

Research on the biology of aggression has clearly demonstrated that:Research on the biology of aggression has clearly demonstrated that:

frontal lobes

Studies have revealed diminished activity in the ________ of violent criminals.

blood alcohol

The frustration-aggression principle most clearly applies to individuals with higher-than-average levels of:

just-world phenomenon

The jury deliberated on the rape case for over 8 hours. Some of the jurors commented on the rape victim's history of going out to various bars and they said she had been dressed too provocatively; in other words, "looking like that," she had asked to be assaulted. According to these jurors, this case is best explained in terms of the:

ingroup bias

The tendency to favor one's own group, the group with whom we share a common identity, is called:

vivid cases

Twenty Wallonians were arrested for nonviolent crimes, whereas 20 Pireaneans were arrested for violent crimes. The tendency to judge that more crimes were committed by Pireaneans than by Wallonians best illustrates the power of:

aggression

Verbal behavior intended to hurt another person is an example of:

ingroup bias

Victoria is a fifth grader in Carson Elementary School. Like most students in her school, she believes that Carson Elementary School is the best school in town. This example is an illustration of:

they have relatively low levels of serotonin and have high levels of testosterone

Which of the following is true of violent male criminals?

the just-world phenomenon

While visiting the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp shortly after World War II, one German civilian is said to have remarked, "What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." This reaction is best explained in terms of:

stereotype

Your textbook defines _____ as a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.

aggression

____________ can be defined as any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to hurt or destroy.