Music 102 XW exam 1

Ivo Supicic

"It has been often observed in the course of history, starting with primitive societies, that a musical fact was related to a social fact." "..The further we look back into the history of humanity, the more we see music existing not in the form of entertainment or as a purely artistic manifestation, but as an element bound up the details of daily social life."

simple gifts song

'Tis the gift to be simple, 'tis the gift to be free 'Tis the gift to come down where we ought to be, And when we find ourselves in the place just right, 'Twill be in the valley of love and delight. When true simplicity is gained, To bow and to bend we shan't be ashamed, To turn, turn will be our delight, Till by turning, turning we come 'round right

Which of the following Aaron Copland's ballet was the first to draw on American folk tunes?

Billy the Kid.

Top Ten for developing active listening skills:

Eliminate distractions. Pay attention: listen with your heart. Focus on one musical element at a time. Listen for main ideas. Listen with understanding, with knowledge about the music, the composers, and the artists. Listen critically. Ask questions. Listen beyond what you hear, beyond what you see. Be open minded: withhold judgment on certain types of music. Constantly reflect and evaluate your progress.

ceremonial

Music for religious ceremonies, such as liturgical masses and chanting. Music for polictical events, such as coronation and military ceremonies. Music for social events, such as powwow (a North American Indian social gathering), weddings, and graduations.

art

Music is performed for its intrinsic value and artistic expression e.g. performances in a concert hall.

strings

Violins, Violas, Cellos, Double Basses.

Utilitarian

Work songs and sea shanties. Motivational music, such as protest songs and marches. Background music for films, television, and commercial application, e.g. to stimulate buying or provide a relaxing environment for dining or shopping.

cognitive

hearing another work "quoted" within a piece, recognition of chord progression. result of thinking about music often think of what we know about the performers, the composers, the instruments, or the setting and purpose

sociology of music

in many societies, certain songs are for singing and certain instruments for playing by individuals for one or the other sex only Constantin Brailoiu believed that traditions of childrens songs were universal and exhibited music-technical traits in common in the village of katako, an instrument normally belonging to young girls in the hands of men, question of men taking over social functions of women further back in history of humanity, more they find music existing as not a form of entertainment/artistic manifestation, but as an elements of daily social life

sociology of music continued

in paris, music was inseparable from all social events Francois Lesure- the position of music in society in light of the relationships between music and painting-compares two types of evidence for the dependence of music on social life, one taken from the history of music itself and the other from paintings illustrating various aspects of social life in which music had a function-paintings from eurpoean art from the 14th-19th century show how deeply music can be involved in social life at a given time

studying music of a culture

involves more than simply describing their music includes understanding the context of music in a society, how it relates to the people, and people's attitude toward their music

Developing active listening skill requires:

listen with your heart

perceptive listener

listens attentively to music and tries to understand the meaning of different musical languages. Also, be aware of various musical elements, musical forms, and musical styles.

casual listener

listens to music as part of the environment. For example, turn on the music while studying, driving or running.

unfamiliar music

no formal or informal knowledge cognitive response may be curiosity or lack of interest

While in France, Aaron Copland studied harmony with:

none of the above her name is Nadia Boulanger

the purpose

of a piece of music can change, depending on the context in which it is presented. For example, the American Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts" was ceremonial music in origin. The hymn was sung as a part of Shaker religious services. When the American composer Aaron Copland adopted the tune in his ballet Appalachian Spring, this orchestral setting of Simple Gifts became utilitarian music. Copland later arranged parts of the ballet as a suite for full symphony orchestra. In this context, the tune "Simple Gifts" functions as art music.

listening

on the other hand, is something you consciously choose to do. Listening requires your active attention and concentration so that your brain processes the meaning of those sound.

spirituality

personal experience of a particular kind—personal experience con- nected with transcendent values, with deepest meaning, with what- ever you find most important in your life

formal knowledge

reading about the music acquired verbally (by reading, hearing a lecture, etc.) can be verbalized can think about and discuss these details with others.

Appalachian Spring

received the Pulitzer Prize for distinguished musical composition as well as the New York Music Critics Circle Award for the outstanding theatrical work of the season of 1944-45 the ballet, in eight sections, is a celebration around a newly built farm-house in Pennsylvania in the early 1800s scored for a thirteen-member chamber orchestra set of variations on the tune "Simple Gifts" was written for scenes of daily activity for the bride and her farmer-husband used to accompany dance, so it has a utilitarian function

Which of the following would be considered a cognitive response to a piece of music?

recognizing musical quotations. having an awareness of the culture and background of the composer. understanding the technical details of the music. being reminded of a particular setting. ***all of the above.

referential listener

relates music only to past experiences or memories. For example, you hear a song lyrics that remind you of an incident, you are so caught up with those memories that the music is not being heard anymore.

the "shakers"

religious communal society known as The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing Music and dance were important in the Shakers' religious services references to "turning" in the last two lines of "Simple Gifts" are indication of dance movements

According to the lesson, which of the following helps to shape the music preferred by different societies?

social conditions

De Colores

speaks deeply and directly to the experience of Hispanic Christians Puerto rican catholics-social, economic, and spiritual connection to the land—as well as to God's promise to be present to God's people, as demonstrated by the rainbow. often sung by anglo christians

religion

structures, creeds, sacred texts, church buildings—the whole organized establishment that maintains a particular faith community.

connotative language

such as in poetry, it often carries implied or associated meanings that go beyond the literal meanings of the words.

Which of the following Aaron Copland's composition was written as per request of the conductor of the Boston Symphony, Serge Koussevitzky?

symphony for organ and orchestra

Listening is a learned skill-

takes conscious practice and effort to develop. Just as you perfect your dance moves or your singing voice, listening skills will improve only with your dedication and hard work.

physical

tapping your foot, swaying in rhythm. other-changes in heart rate, respiration, and brain-wave patterns. determined by listeners familiarity with the style of music

Evelyn Glennie, the world renowned percussionist, said her job is all about:

teach the world to listen

According to composer Pauline Oliveros, ________ does not listen, the brain listens.

the ear

music

the universal language of mankind. -Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

spiritual

transcendent feeling of peace. Some music has the power to connect with your transcendent values transports us to other dimensions of experience in ways that go beyond a simple emotional response (uplifting) depend on intimate experience with the cul- tural context of the music more than the others unique to background/experiences

evelyn glennie video

translation interpretation listen to ourselves need time with instrument to interpret them, need time with people to interpret them and not just translate (infer) began lessons with instruments at a narrow interval, (larger difference)-tiny difference can be felt with tiniest part of body auditioned for royal academy of music in london-rejected the first time-accepted the second time-could not refuse any application based on physical impairments- every entry had to be listened to-now is enforced around the world allow body to be a resonating chamber to sound

Aaron Copland's Appalachian Spring (Ballet for Martha) received the Pulitzer Prize for distinguished musical composition in 1945.

true

According to Dr. Aniruddh Patel, neuroscientist, the structure of sound patterns in language is reflected in the music of some composers.

true

According to musicologist Ivo Supicic, a musical fact was related to a social fact.

true

According to some scientific studies by linguists, the patterning and timing of syllables, constants and vowels between languages are different.

true

According to the lesson, our responses to music reflect our life experiences and our personal understanding of the music we hear.

true

Active listening to music enhances your level of enjoyment.

true

Listening is something you consciously choose to do.

true

Music and dance were important in the Shakers' religious services.

true

Music performed for a particular religious function or ceremony is considered to be ceremonial music.

true

Spoken language is denotative because it has fixed, shared meaning that transcend personal interpretations.

true

The musical term "doppio movimento" means:

twice as fast as preceding

personal responses to music

unique reflect our life experiences and our personal understanding of the music we hear physical cognitive emotional spiritual

Aaron Copland

was a composer, conductor, speaker, pianist, author, and much-admired teacher. His compositions include ballets, operas, film scores, orchestral and chamber music, piano and choral music, and songs 1942, Copland received a commission to compose a ballet for modern dancer Martha Graham and her company (Appalachian Spring)

denotative language

which has fixed, shared meanings that transcend personal interpretations. Written and spoken language

however

will not move a non-Hispanic in quite the same way it would a member of the Hispanic community, simply because of cul- tural differences—differences in language, differences in response to the issues surrounding skin color in our society, and differences in musical background and taste.

orchestra

woodwinds brass percussion strings

"simple gifts"

written by Joseph Brackett in 1848 while he was the leader of the Shaker community in Maine

what shapes the music preferred by different societies

Social, geographical, and political conditions as well as group philosophies

Reading the text is adequate for a full understanding of the music discussed.

false

The best way to achieve real understanding of music is to read about music.

false

critical listener

focuses only on the quality of a musical performance.

woodwinds

2 Flutes (Piccolo), 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets in A and Bb, 2 Bassoons.

brass

2 Horn in F, 2 Trumpets in Bb, 2 Trombones.

Dame Evelyn Glennie

Grammy-winning percussionist and composer, became almost completely deaf by the age of 12, but her hearing loss brought her a deeper understanding of and connection to the music.

percussion

Timpani, Xylophone, Snare Drum, Bass Drum, Cymbals, Tabor (Long Drum), Snare Drum, Wood Block, Claves, Glockenspiel, Triangle, Harp, Pianoforte.

Hearing

a passive act of perceiving sound. It is the mechanical stimulation of auditory nerves in the ear. Hearing requires only that you receive and register the sound.

informal knowledge

acquired by your direct experiences with the music recognition of the piece or recognition of the same per- former in a new piece, or a set of expectations about how a piece in a given style will sound may have difficulty verbalizing it.

Steve Heitzeg

advocate for the peaceful coexistence of all species through music

music and society

are closely related Music reflects social conditions and plays different roles in a society

music is

as a language, is abstract and connotative. Listeners have different perception and responses to a piece of music presents a multidimensional experience that is impossible to put into words precisely what it "means".

As a language, which of the following is connotative?

b and c (poetry and music)

Which of the following would be considered an emotional response to a piece of music?

being moved to tears by the music.

emotional

being moved to tears, feeling patriotic. emotions we feel while listening to music are determined in part by the nature of the music, but even more by our individual associations and experiences with the particular style and the piece itself (first date, wedding, etc)

Dr. Aniruddh Patel

can measure intonation of music the same as measuring intontation of language the music differed in a way that reflected the language differences intonation of English is also different from the intonation of French. And that is also reflected in the music of these composers. composers are particularly sensitive to the structure of sound patterns. And we think that what's happening is that they internalize them just as everybody in their culture does, but then when they go to compose music, those patterns are there for them to draw on

the purposes of music

ceremonial Utilitarian art

Symphony In Sculpture

commissioned by the Des Moines Symphony Orchestra and its Music Director & Conductor, Joseph Giunta nine movements Each movement represents a sculpture at the Pappajohn Sculpture Park in Des Moines

language

denotative and connotative.

"Simple Gifts" is a traditional folk song of unknown origin.

false

According to "Music in Our World", people may have same responses to music in an unfamiliar style and to music they have much experience with.

false

According to the lesson, everyone perceives and responds to music in the same manner.

false

According to the lesson, the language of music might best be described as syllabic.

false

According to the lesson, we are conscious of our sound environment most of the time.

false

Coronation mass is an example of utilitarian music.

false

Hearing takes conscious practice and effort to develop.

false

Listening is a skill that cannot be learned.

false

Listening is the act of passively receiving and registering the sounds that reach your ears.

false

Music played to stimulate customer spending would be considered a form of art music.

false