Music Test 1

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Mozart, A Little Night Music, 1st movement Meter:

duple

Prokofiev, Romeo and Juliet Meter: (sounds more dark low bass, and violins on top)

duple

Octave

duplication of a pitch at a higher or lower level

Musorgsky, "Polish Ox-Cart" from Pictures at an Exhibition Mode:

minor

Prokofiev, "Dance of the Knights" from Romeo and Juliet Mode:

minor

Tchaikovsky, Dance of the Reed Pipes from The Nutcracker Mode: (darker, more brass than anything else playing)

minor

Vivaldi, Violin Concerto, the "Spring," 1st movement Mode: (lower(still n higher register) fewer violins, playing more calm)

minor

Does Pachelbel ever vary his bass and/or his harmonic pattern?

no

Throughout this piece, do the intervals in the bass pattern ever change?

no

Key

specific tonal center built on the tonic

Tempo

speed at which beats occur

Now a more lyrical new theme begins in the violin section and is echoed by the winds. But has the opening motive (SSSL) really disappeared?

No, it lurks below the new melody

Subdominant (IV)

built on 4th degree of the scale, to dominant

Handel, Minuet from Water Music Mode:

major

Phrase

segment, or self-contained, potion of a melody

When the trumpets rise, how many different notes do they play?

Three

Music is

Viceral

At the very last chord, a new sound is added for emphasis-to signal that this is indeed the last chord of the climax. What instrument is making that sound?

a cymbal

Scale

a sequential arrangement of pitches

Melody

a series of notes forming a distinctive, recognizable unit

Motive

a short distinctive melodic gesture

Ostinato

a short, repeated, musical pattern

Beat

an even pulse

A melody, harmony, or rhythm that repeats again and again in music is called what (consult the glossary for the meanings of these terms)?

an ostinato

Minor

associated with fear, anxiety, sorrow, despair, etc.

Major

associated with joy, confidence, tranquility, etc

Triad

basic chord of music (3 pitched in arrangement)

Identify: sounds like a saxophone but a bit lower, more stacoato

bassoon

Arpeggio

broken or staggered triad

Dominant (V)

build on the 5th degree of the scale, back to tonic

Tonic (I)

built on 1st degree of the scale, provides rest and sense of arrival

Modulation

changing the key, or tonality, within a composition

Consonance

chords that sound agreeable and stable

Dissonance

chords that sound discordant, tense, and unstable

identify: goes fast, trilling

clarinet

Syncopation

displaces the natural accent, gives unexpected bounce

identify: very low string

double bass

Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 5, 1st movement Meter:

duple

Bizet, Habanera, from Carmen Meter:

duple

Mouret, Rondeau from Suite de symphonies Meter:

duple

Listen again to the beginning. How many pitches do you hear before the violin enters and the bass begins to repeat? In other words, how many pitches are there in the bass pattern?

eight

Accent

emphasis placed on a musical line or chord

identidy: going really fast, think band class

flute

identify: low, brass, low but bright

french horn

Dvorák, Symphony No. 9, "From the New World," 2nd movement

homophonic

Musorgsky, "Promenade" from Pictures at an Exhibition (trumpet and whole orchestra playing)

homophonic

Key signature

indicated the specific tonality of the composition

Upbeat

last beat in the measure

Beethoven opens his Symphony No. 5 with the famous "SSSL" motive and then immediately repeats it. Does the repetition present the motive at a higher or a lower pitch level?

lower

Mouret, Rondeau from Suite de symphonies Mode:

major

Musorgsky, "Great Gate of Kiev" from Pictures at an Exhibition Mode:

major

Tchaikovsky, Dance of the Reed Pipes from The Nutcracker Mode: (intro to piece, flute)

major

Vivaldi, Violin Concerto, the "Spring," 1st movement Mode: (more happy, more violins playing in the high register)

major

Musorgsky, "Goldenburg and Schmuyle" from Pictures at an Exhibition Mode:

minor

Beethoven, Symphony No. 5, 1st movement

monophonic

Copland, "A Gift to Be Simple" from Appalachian Spring

monophonic

Debussy, Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun

monophonic

Musorgsky, "Promenade" from Pictures at an Exhibition (only trumpet playing)

monophonic

Diatonic

notes that make the major and minor scales

Meter signature

numerical symbol indicating the meter (also called theme signature)

identify: woodwind, more crisp

oboe

Tonality

organization of music around a central tone

When a base line repeats over & over it comes from the baroque area...

ostinato base

Bach, Organ Fugue in G minor

polyphonic

Bach, The Art of Fugue, Contrapunctus IX

polyphonic

Josquin Desprez, Ave Maria

polyphonic

Louis Armstrong, "Willie the Weeper"

polyphonic

Therefore, the rate of harmonic change in Pachelbel's Canon is what?

regular

Meter

results from gathering beats into measures

Harmony

results when multiple pitched sound simultaneously

Diatonic scale?

seven (eight=octave), 2 modes- major & minor, patter - where tonic lies by where the half step lies

Chromatic

term derived from the Greek chroma "color"

Rhythm

the organization of time in music

Pitch

the relative position of a musical sound

Dynamics

the volume (loud or soft) of a sound

Clef

treble - higher bass - lower voices

Beethoven, Variations on "God Save the King" Meter:

triple

Chopin, Waltz in Eb major Meter:

triple

Handel, Minuet from Water Music Meter:

triple

identify: think mickeys 3 musketeers, soft, vibrating

violin

Are all the pitches within the pattern of the bass held for the same duration?

yes

Do you also hear chords (played on a harpsichord) along with the bass notes?

yes

What are the tempo markings:

Grave - very slow Largo - Broad Lento - slow Adagio - slow Andante - moving, walking tempo Andantino - slightly faster Moderato - moderate Allegro - fast Vivance - fast and lively Presto - very fast Prestissimo - as fast as possible

When the trumpets enter and ascend, does the low, rumbling sound disappear?

No

Downbeat

1st beat in measure

identify: low, sounds like a violin but a little lower

cello

Johann Pachelbel, Canon in D major (c1690) Play the clip. The bass enters first. At what point does the first violin enter?

0:13

Listen now to more of the composition. The bass is highly repetitious as the pattern recurs again and again. Each statement of the pattern lasts approximately how long?

12 seconds

Chord

2 or more pitches that sound at the same time

How does Beethoven add intensity to the conclusion of the transition?

A pounding drum (timpani) is added to the orchestra, and then a French horn plays a solo.

Changes in tempo

Accelerando - speeding up Ritardando - slowing down

Strauss, Also sprach Zarathustra (1896)-Opening. Which is true about the opening sounds?

The instruments are holding one and the same

Is the bass line pattern always played by the same instruments, or do other instruments take over the part?

The line is always designated to the cellos

In this passage Beethoven constructs a musical transition that moves us from the opening motive to a more lyrical second theme. Which is true about this transition?

The music seems to get faster and builds in volume

Haydn, Symphony No. 94, 3rd movement Meter:

triple

Prokofiev, Romeo and Juliet Meter: (mostly like a flute sound, light sound)

triple

identify:glissing sound, sounds bright

trombone

identify: easy to identify

tuba

How many half steps in a scale?

twelve

Pick up

upbeat prior to a compositions first downbeat


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