Nail structure disorders diseases
What are the characteristics of a normal healthy nail
Firm and flexible
The growth of the nail plate is affected but all of the following except
Genes
Which type of disorder is associated with damaged skin around the nail plate that becomes split or torn
Hangnails
A _____ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place
ligament
What part of the natural nail unit protects the tops of the fingers and toes
Nail plate
What is the average rate of the nail plate growth in normal adults per month
1/10" to 1/8" per month
What is the water content of a healthy nail
15%-25%
The nail plate has approximately how many layers
50
How long does it take for toenail plates to be fully replaced
9 to 12 months
Which of the following disorders is associated with depression running across the width of the nail plate due to a slowing production of matrix cells which causes the nail plate to grow thinner and is usually the result of serious illness or injury
Beau's lines
Which of the following is used to enhance the appearance of an individual
Beauty service
Which of the following disorders is associated with dark purplish spots usually due to a small injury to the nail bed
Bruised nail bed
Which of the following groups of people would have the fastest growing nails
Children
Nail technicians are governed under
Cosmetology
Cuticle moisturizers are designed for all except
Cuticle
What can affect the shape or thickness of the nail plate
Damage to the matrix will affect the shape and thickness of the nail plate
Which of the following disorders is associated with the nail turning a variety of colors which may indicate surface staining a systemic disorder or poor blood circulation
Discolored mail
Which of the following disorders is associated with a noticeably thin white nail plate that is more flexible than normal and is usually caused by improper diet heredity internal disease medication or overfilling with an abrasive
Eggshell nail
The _____ is the part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe
Free edge
Why must the hyponychium be treated gently
If the hyponychium is damaged and infection under the nail plate is possible
During which scenario do nail growth rates increase dramatically
Last trimester of pregnancy
Which type of disorder is associated with whitish spots of discoloration of the nails and is usually caused by minor injury of the matrix
Leukonychia
Which type of disorder is associated with significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails caused by increase pigment cells
Melanonychia
Which nail grows faster
Middle
What type of disorder is associated with nail surface pitting roughness onycholysis and bed discoloration
Nail psoriasis
The ________ is the hard protective plate that protects the tips of the fingers or toes
Natural nail
Which type of glove is recommended for nail techs
Nitrile
How would you recommend a person make his or her nail plate grow thicker
Nothing can make a nail plate grow thicker
The _____ is composed mainly of keratin
Onyx
The natural nail itself is technically referred to as the
Onyx
Which of the following diseases is associated with bacterial inflammation of the tissue around the nail plate causing pus swelling and redness
Paronychia
Which of the following would be considered a medical condition that should be seen by a physician and not a nail tech
Paronychia
What type of nail disorder is associated with dramatically increased nail curvature of the free edge where it might curl in upon itself
Pincer nail
Phyllis is a nail tech who has recently moved to Cali during her interview she describes how her many years of work at another spa have made her well suited for this new position when asked to describe the services she performed phylis briefly mentions waxing in conversation why would that surprise Phyllis interviewer
Spas don't typically remover by waxing
What type of disorder is associated with damage to the capillaries under the nail
Splinter hemorrhage
The scope of practice for a nail tech is found under
Summary
During what time of the year do nail plates grow fastest
Summer
What helps guide the nail plate along the nail bed as it grows
The epithelium
Nails are part of ______
The integumentary system
How would you compare the relationship between the matrix and the plate
The length width and curvature of the matrix determine the thickness width and curvature of the plate
What is the relationship between water content and the nail
The lower water content the more rigid the nail becomes
The proximal nail fold is the entire flap of skin that covers what
The matrix
Angela is training to be a nail technician while she is working on a client her manager stops her because she's about to clip too close to the eponychium what might Angela have confused the eponychium for
The nail cuticle
The lateral nail fold is also known as
The sidewall
The natural nail unit is which part of the nail
The tip to the first knuckle
Which of the following diseases is associated with fungal infections of the feet or athletes foot
Tinea pedis
What would you say to someone who says that because something is not specifically prohibited it is allowed
You can only perform what is on your license and what the salon lets you
Which of the following is not considered one of the reasons that nail techs must differentiate between healthy and unhealthy clients nails
You must be able to identify conditions that are affected by the weather conditions and humidity
What is the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate
hyponychium
What is the visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin
lunula
