NASM Section 2 Review

Social physique anxiety is more prevalent in which population?

Females

What behavior change technique is a specific plan that drives behavior by identifying cues toward action?

Implementation intention

When family members are not supportive of exercise-related behaviors, it can be viewed as which of the following? a. An influence on exercise b. A motivation to exercise c. Ambivalence toward exercise d. A barrier to exercise

A barrier to exercise

Which communication technique allows the fitness professional to show appreciation of a client's strengths?

Affirmations

What type of imagery occurs when a client imagines health-related outcomes?

Appearance imagery

When it comes to barriers to exercise, which statement is correct? a. All individuals have "lack of time" as a barrier. b. Barriers to exercise are often cited by people who are sedentary or infrequently active. c. Barriers never change; therefore, individuals need to focus on motives. d. It is impossible to ever fully overcome all barriers.

Barriers to exercise are often cited by people who are sedentary or infrequently active.

The role of psychology in fitness and wellness is strongly rooted in which area?

Behavioral change

When a client indicates that she finds it difficult to complete a workout on her own, she is likely in need of which type of support?

Companionship support

What stage of change is a person in if they are planning on exercising within the next 6 months?

Contemplation

When a person is ambivalent about changing, what stage of change are they likely in?

Contemplation

A client who has been training for 6 months has recently moved farther from the fitness facility. Which barrier should she be preparing to overcome?

Convenience

At the beginning of an exercise session, a client has shared that they are in a bad mood and would rather skip the session. Which of the following observations should the fitness professional share with the client? a. Exercise is known to exacerbate a bad mood; therefore, stopping the session is a good idea. b. Exercise is known to improve mood, even with bouts as short as 10 minutes, so exercise is a good remedy. c. Exercise can only affect mood when done for at least 60 minutes, so it would be best to stay longer than normal. d. Exercise cannot improve mood, so it would be best to reschedule the session for another day.

Exercise is known to improve mood, even with bouts as short as 10 minutes, so exercise is a good remedy.

When a client makes a plan, such as, "When I am done with work, I will run for 30 minutes," what are they doing?

Forming an implementation intention

A new client is having trouble managing her busy schedule and has cancelled her last 3 personal training sessions. What is the best option for the fitness professional?

Help the client determine her barriers, and talk through strategies to overcome them.

Which statement best demonstrates empathy? a. If you spend more time in the gym, you will reach your goals faster. b. I think you will feel healthier once you finally lose some weight. c. I know that finding time to exercise is hard. I struggle to get it done sometimes as well. d. I don't understand why you think it's so hard to do 30 minutes of cardio 3 times a week.

I know that finding time to exercise is hard. I struggle to get it done sometimes as well.

A client wants to improve their mile time. Which of the following is an outcome goal? I want to run a 6-minute mile. I want to run 3 times per week. I want to run in the morning before work. I want to run outside.

I want to run a 6-minute mile.

Which type of support is the most common provided by a fitness professional?

Informational support

Long-term exercise adherence is associated with which type of motivation?

Intrinsic motivation

Which type of motivation would be characterized by a client who enjoys the process of becoming more fit?

Intrinsic motivation

Not having someone to exercise with would be an example of which type of barrier?

Lack of social support

Which leadership component refers to the leader being a great example for how to live a healthy and balanced life, which includes being optimistic, empathetic, and knowledgeable?

Leader's qualities

What stage of change is a person in if they have been exercising consistently for 6 months or longer?

Maintenance

The intensity and direction of someone's effort describes which of the following? a. Motivation b. Ambition c. Initiative d. Aspiration

Motivation

Without a perceived discrepancy between a client's current state and making a change, what is lacking?

Motivation

What type of communication includes posture, hand gestures, proximity to others, and facial expressions?

Nonverbal communication

A client is asked, "Why do you want to lose weight?" This is an example of what kind of question?

Open-ended

Which source of social support for exercise is the most influential for children and adolescents?

Parents

A benefit of being part of an exercise group includes comradery, which is described by which of the following statements? a. When a group or situation is warm and inviting, it brings people together; when people feel welcome, they are likely to return. b. Participants are encouraged to push as hard as they can and may work harder in the presence of the group. c. Participants are forming connections with people who are attempting to achieve similar results, while experiencing feelings of friendship, closeness, and loyalty. d. Participants have people they can compare themselves with. Being able to see what others can do and achieve can serve as further motivation.

Participants are forming connections with people who are attempting to achieve similar results, while experiencing feelings of friendship, closeness, and loyalty.

Having an informal role in an exercise group is demonstrated by which example? a. Planning social gatherings for the group b. Planning the workout for the group c. Setting the time for the group to meet d. Providing modifications during the workout

Planning social gatherings for the group

A Certified Personal Trainer asks a client who is not currently doing any aerobic training how ready they are to do aerobic training one time per week for 30 minutes using a scale of 1 through 10, with 1 representing not at all ready and 10 representing completely ready. They say they are at a 1; what stage of change are they in?

Precontemplation

What stage of change is a person in if they are not planning on exercising within the next 6 months?

Precontemplation

What stage of change is a person in if they are planning to begin exercising soon and have taken steps toward it?

Preparation

Ambivalent people may be reluctant to start an exercise program. What should the fitness professional focus on when helping a potential client overcome this barrier?

Probe further to determine other barriers they are experiencing and possible motives to participate.

What might a Certified Personal Trainer do for someone in the precontemplation stage of change?

Provide them with education and knowledge

A Certified Personal Trainer wants to improve a client's outcome expectations for resistance training. What behavior change technique might they use?

Providing information on the health benefits

Research has demonstrated that moderate-intensity exercise is best for which of the following? a. Providing psychological benefits b. Winning a triathlon c. Developing intrinsic motivation d. Reducing burnout

Providing psychological benefits

Which type of professionals are qualified to counsel individuals who are diagnosed with depression, using exercise as a supplemental treatment?

Psychologist or psychiatrist

This is a conversational technique that helps the listener express the supposed meaning of what was just heard.

Reflections

A Certified Personal Trainer has been listening to a client's goals. After the client is done speaking, the trainer restates the goals back to the client. What best describes the approach the trainer is using?

Reflective listening

What type of listening involves making a best guess as to what the speaker means, then stating it back to the speaker?

Reflective listening

What is the practice of identifying a negative inner narrative and replacing it with positive statements?

Reverse listing

A client is asked to record what exercises they perform, how much they eat, and how much they sleep. Which of these strategies is the client using?

Self-monitoring

Changing leadership style based on the size of a group would be an example of which component of leadership?

Situational factors

What type of imagery involves focusing on exercise form?

Technique imagery

The number of sidewalks available in a community is an example of which of the following? a. The constructed environment b. The manufactured environment c. The built environment d. The assembled environment

The built environment

An important aspect of an established exercise group includes which of the following? a. Once the group is formed, no other participants are allowed in. b. Groups function only when all members are present. c. Groups rely only on the leader for support. d. The group feels distinct from other people.

The group feels distinct from other people.

Social support is best described by which statement? Rearranging a schedule to accommodate a client's availability Posting on social media about the recent successes of clients The intentional things that people do to assist others to achieve a specific behavior Providing counseling sessions with clients who exhibit signs of depression

The intentional things that people do to assist others to achieve a specific behavior

Which of the following is a question that may promote change? a. Why don't you just do this? b. What makes you think that you're not at risk? c. Why can't you make this change to your schedule? d. What might you want to change?

What might you want to change?

Unrealistic goals can become a barrier when which of the following happens? a. When process goals are too specific b. When outcome goals are objective c. When only one goal is set d. When goals are not adjusted

When goals are not adjusted

Social physique anxiety is best defined by which statement? When someone has anxiety about social situations When someone has general anxiety about physical activity When someone has anxiety about how their physique looks in the mirror When someone feels insecure about how they think others are viewing their body

When someone feels insecure about how they think others are viewing their body