NCTI [A&P COURSE]-QUIZ #1 REVIEW
Describe an ionic bond [3]
-a chemical bond -created by attraction between anions and cations -formed in a process called ionic bonding
Describe a covalent bond [3]
-an atom shares an electron with other atoms to fill its outer shell -leads to a molecule that is held together by a covalent bond -very strong because the shared electrons tie the atoms together
Describe a hydrogen bond [3]
-attraction between two polar covalent bonds; one is from a slight positive charge on the hydrogen atom and the other is from a weak negative charge on an oxygen or nitrogen atom -too weak to create molecules -hydrogen bonding between water molecules creates surface tension and restricts evaporation
Name and define the two types of energy
-kinetic: energy and motion -potential: stored energy
The _______ is located in the center of the atom and forms the ______.
-proton -nucleus
Name the 3 major parts of an atom
1. proton [positive] 2. neutron [neutral] 3. electron [negative]
Name the smallest stable unit of matter
atom
Define atomic number
the number of protons in an atom
What are atoms or molecules called that have an electrical charge?
ions
Define anion
ions with a negative charge
Define cation
ions with a positive charge
a variation outside normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation (ex: the control of body temperature→thermoregulation)
negative feedback mechanism
the initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces that stimulus (ex: blood clotting or child birth)
positive feedback mechanism
Define energy
the capacity to perform work
In relation to energy, define work
the movement or a change in the physical structure of matter (ex: walking, running, synthesis of organic chemicals, evaporation)