NEHA Study Guide Combined

In order to control rats at open dumps, a poison-bait application program should be started ______ before a site is abandoned or converted and before earthmoving equipment is brought to the site.

2 weeks

Collection cost is about ______ of the total cost of solid waste management.

50%-70%

Where are you least likely to find asbestos?

Ceramic floor tile? (other answers included insulated pipe coverings and wall plaster and asbestos can be found in floor tiling products so if there is an option of NONE OF THE ABOVE...maybe choose that one).

The Registered Sanitarians are first and foremost:

Educators

DDT has been banned for use in all countries except parts of Africa, Sweden, Great Britain, and all South American Countries.

False

For a pesticide to be permitted for application on a raw agricultural food or feed, the residue must exceed the tolerance established for the product by the Department of Health and Human Services under the conditions of use.

False

Sodium fluoroacetate, also known as "1080," is the most effective fast-acting rodenticide available for use throughout the United States.

False

Some of the main sources of pollen are trees in the summer, grasses in the spring, and weeds in the winter.

False

Burning off poisonous plants is not advisable because smoke will carry particles long distances and spread the infection.

True

Vector-borne encephalitidies are not communicable directly from person to person, but only by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

True

This substance is the first product of the decomposition of organic matter. Its presence in water usually indicates "fresh pollution" of sanitary significance. What is it? a. ammonia b. sugar c. carbon dioxide d. hydrogen sulfide

a. ammonia

In a stratified reservoir, the best quality water is usually contained in the zone called a. metalimnion b. euphotic c. epilimnion d. hypolimnion

a. metalimnion

Which of the following is not a commonly accepted method or device to prevent backsiphonage? a. vacuum breakers b. cross-connections c. air gap separation d. back pressure units

b. cross-connections

Trihalomethanes are synthetic organic chemicals primarily created a. during the coagulation process b. during the pre-chlorination process c. during reverse osmosis d. during the post-chlorination process

b. during the pre-chlorination process

As you know from previous readings, the composition of soil is very important in the removal of both viruses and bacteria. Which of the following soil conditions is most favorable for removal of viruses? a. sand over gravel b. fine loamy sand over course sand and gravel c. gravel over semi-porous clay d. course sand and gravel over fine sand or clay

b. fine loamy sand over course sand and gravel

Which of the following methods of backsiphonage prevention is least effective?

barometric loop

Which of the following is not considered a satisfactory solution to the problem of chemical contamination in well systems?

boiling the water

Wasps are usually attracted to

bright-colors, protein, and sweet odors (all of the above)

If sufficient amounts of activated carbon in the powdered form are used, practically all tastes and odors are removed from water by a. absorption b. polymerization c. adsorption d. oxidation

c. adsorption

Which of the following is not used to disinfect water? a. chlorine b. bromine c. fluorine d. iodine

c. fluorine

Centrifugal pumps are of several types depending on the design of the a. volute b. shaft c. impeller d. mechanical seal

c. impeller

The Langelier index is used to determine the point of stability of

calcium carbonate

The key to an effective, long-term, rodent control program is

community sanitation

What are the fundamental steps involved in the control of organic chemicals in drinking water?

conduct sanitary surveys to identify

An example of a surface water supply would be a. a well b. a rock and sand spring c. an earth spring d. a reservoir

d. a reservoir

The safe distance between a well and a waste disposal system is dependant on a. chemical processes b. physical processes c. biological processes d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following statements is (are) true? a. all surface water must be considered unsanitary unless given adequate treatment b. all groundwater supplies may be considered safe as a potable water supply c. when considering surface water as a water supply, the entire watershed must be surveyed d. both a and c above

d. both a and c above

Which of the following compounds would not contribute to water hardness? a. calcium sulfate b. magnesium sulfate c. calcium chloride d. sodium chloride

d. sodium chloride

Which of the following is not a primary consideration when locating a groundwater supply? a. the probable travel of pollution through the ground b. the well construction practices and standards c. the sanitary seal provided at the point where the pump lines pass out of the casing d. the distance that the water will need to travel

d. the distance that the water will need to travel

A well casing should be equipped with a vent and installed a. with a sampling tap b. in a pit to prevent freezing c. with a turbine type pump d. with concrete used as grout

d. with concrete used as grout

A principle for effective radiation protection:

distance, time, shielding

The most suitable soil for cover material at a landfill site is one that is

easily worked and minimizes infiltration

Systems used for treatment and disposal of animal wastes include

field spreading, oxidation ditch, and incineration; plow-furrow cover, aerated lagoon, and wet oxidation; irrigation, anaerobic digestion, and drying (all of the above)

The grinding of garbage is an acceptable method of

garbage disposal

Bulk containers or refuse bins are recommended where large volumes of refuse are generated, such as at

hotels and motels, shopping centers and restaurants, and apartment houses (all of the above)

Turbidly of water will

interfere with proper disinfection, harbor viruses, and cause tastes and odor (all of the above)

A pesticide that ______ is referred to as a "Restricted Classification" pesticide and is generally not available to the homeowner.

is highly toxic, requires special knowledge for application, and requires special equipment for application (all of the above)

In order to determine the depth at which a sanitary landfill can be operated, which of the following must be determined?

location of bedrock, groundwater table, finished grade (all of the above)

In a stratified reservoir, the best quality water is usually contained in the zone called

metalimnion

Relief from hay fever may be obtained by

moving to a pollen-free area, acquired immunity, air conditioning and air purification with appropriate filters (all of the above)

What is desalination?

the conversion of seawater or brackish water to fresh water

What are the most common contaminants found in an automobile crank shaft? (Crank case)

Gasoline and phenols

Q=KIA

Groundwater flow, flow through an underground formation.

What is the best way to prevent groundwater contamination in wells?

Grouting the annular space

What is the importance of Darcy's Law?

It is a derived constitutive equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium. the law was formulated by Henry Darcy based on the results of his experiment on the flow of water through beds of sand. It also forms the scientific basis of fluid permeability used in the earth sciences.

Workers in dental care may receive:

Mercury Vapor poisoning

In a newborn hospital wing humidifiers will?

Need to be cleaned frequently due to bacterial growth on the components

When filling out a search warrant application what is not necessary to include?

Neighbor's testimony (is information which is not coming from an approved authority...could be hearsay).

Most enteric disease: (Enteric-related to the digestive system)

Norwalk virus

Best method to avoid UST (Underground Storage Tank)problems:

Prevention from corrosion

Groundwater Rule?

Protection against microbial organisms, reducing the risk of fecal contamination of the water for those who use the groundwater supply as a drinking source.

Swimmers ear is caused by:

Pseudomonas

Filters will:

Reduce stray radiation

To rodent proof an establishment to prevent the entrance of mice, all holes ______ or larger must be eliminated.

1/4 inch

The normal economical hauling distance to a refuse disposal site is usually between

10 to 15 miles

The LEAST amount of backfill over the absorption field should be:

12 inches (12-18'')

The second step of the combustion process in an incinerator requires a high temperature of at least

1500 to 1800 degrees F

Alkalinity of water is desirable at levels of

30 to 100 mg/l

Which amendment deals with illegal search and seizure of private property?

4th (IV)

What is the maximum time for industry to generate hazardous waste without a permit?

90 = large quantity 180 = small quantity

High rate of infection:

Campylobacter jejuni -- usually found with Salmonella, caused by contaminated chicken source.

Most accidents around swimming pools:

Drowning

Which of the following has been proven to be most effective for controlling ragweed?

Spraying in early or mid spring

Most accidents that occur in the home to infants aged 1-4 is caused by:

Walking/falling

What is the first step in evaluating the safety of a potential water system?

a detailed sanitary survey of the water supply

The transfer station should be located ______ of the collection service area.

in the center

Acidic conditions ______ the growth of methane-producing bacteria.

inhibit

The quiescent settling of water such as would occur in a reservoir, lake or basin without the aid of chemicals is known as

plain sedimentation

Frequency of collection depends on

quantity of waste, time of year, socioeconomic status of the area served (all of the above)

An example of an anticoagulant rodenticide is

warfarin

What is LEAST effected when contaminated air is found in a hospital?

Air filtered in the morgue.

Which organization requires cover for baking dough

BISSC (Baking Industry Sanitation Standards Committee)

The sand filter is used to remove?

Bacteria and suspended solids from water.

What industry does the BISSC deal with?

Baking (stands for Baking Industry Sanitation Standards Committee).

Complaining of extreme eye irritation by swimmers in a swimming pool may be:

Improper pH value

When testing for radon in schools where is the best place to test?

Lowest rooms in the building

Which can adversely effect the nerve cell?

Neurotoxin

Common microorganism associated with skin rash in whirlpools?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The formula Q=AIR is used to determine?

Rate of runoff in a watershed

What does photodecomposition in a plastic bottle do in a landfill or waste dump?

Reduce the amount of waste

Source water?

Untreated water from streams, lakes, aquifers which is ultimately used as the drinking supply for the general public.

When gas pipe is leaking, what methods would be used by the technician to identify the exact point of leakage?

Using soap bubble solution

Ozone is effective against

amoebic cysts, bacteria and phenols, and viruses (all of the above)

All of the following will generally vary directly with the quantity of water used for domestic purposes except

amount of minerals in the water

In general, there are three kinds of weeds. These are

annuals, biennials, and perennials

The presence of which of the following elements in water treatment plant effluent is used as a measure of filtration efficiency? a. copper b. aluminum c. zinc d. lead

b. aluminum

The Langelier index is used to determine the point of stability of a. aluminum sulfate b. calcium carbonate c. water pH d. HOCl

b. calcium carbonate

The presence of which of the following is most easily identified by laboratory analysis in water contaminated by feces? a. shigella dysenteriae b. coliform c. entamoeba histolytica d. salmonella typhosa

b. coliform

The control of weeds is accomplished by

preventing the spread of weeds into new areas, destruction of top weeds and underground parts of weeds, and destruction of weed seeds in the soil (all of the above)

Which of the following is not a practical method for removal of cadmium?

reverse osmosis

Typically, an abundant supply of groundwater may be yielded from

sedimentary rocks

Hydropneumatic or pressure-tank water systems are suitable for

small communities, housing developments, private homes and estates, camps, food service operations, and hotels

The National Safety council reported that solid waste collection workers have an injury frequency approximately ______ times the national average for all industry.

ten

When considering water storage requirements, which of the following is not considered a recommended practice?

the retention time for the stored water should not be over 8 hours

The limitation of the lift capability of the centrifugal pump is based on

the weight of the atmosphere

In the rectangular furnace, the grates are arranged in

tiers

Modern furnace walls are usually lined with

tile or have water walls

Incinerators are rated in terms of

tons of burnable waste per day

Radiation could scatter and bounce off the

wall, floor, ceiling

The direction of operation of a sanitary landfill should be

with the prevailing wind