NOSB Packet of Death (Pgs 9-16)
Mapping the ocean floor became easier with "GLORIA"
Geological Long Range Inclined Asdic
Gyres in balance with pressure gradient and Coriolois effect
Geostrophic gyres
Animal that lived the longest
Giant Clam 180 yrs (Kio - 228 yrs)
Kraken?
Giant squid (Architeuthis)
Ship proven it is possible to drill at 20,000+ ft
Glomar Challenger (IGY)
GLWQA
Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 1972
Why is the green sea turtle named so?
Green fat
General term for bird waste
Guano
Three air circulation cells
Hadley cells 0-30 Ferrel cells 30-60 Polar cells 60-0
Turtles whose shells are used for jewelry?
Hawksbill Turtle
Depth of water - Surface, Central, Intermediate, Deep, Bottom water
Sur ~200m Cen ~Bottom of thermocline Int ~1500m Deep ~ BW ~Sea floor
Least developed sense of a bird?
Taste
Type of bird with polarizing filters on eyes
Tern and peregrine falcon(?)
Lake Michigan ecosystem due to this alien invader
Zebra Mussel
Connecting Superior and Huron is the ___ river
St. Mary's
To get to a sea, what must you sail through?
Strait
Connects Persian Gulf to Oman Gulf
Strait of Hormuz
Connects Red Sea with Med
Suez Canal
Lake highest in elevation? Lowest?
Superior (600' > MWL) Ontario
Ocean water freezes at
-1.91 Celsius
Rogue wave formation
Constructive interference
Bird used by Asians to catch fish
Cormorant
Bird food storage organ
Crop
Robert Peary and Amundsen did what?
1st to N Pole, 1st to S Pole
Great Lakes are ___% fresh water
20%
Pure water most dense at
4 degrees Celsius
Lake Superior is ___ ft above sea level
600'
Number of states bordering the Great Lakes?
8
Hadal zone begins at
> 6000m
Where are salt glands on turtles?
Above the eyes
These two penguins spend their whole life in Antarctica
Adelic and Emperor
Largest wing spans?
Albatross 12'
Marine iguanas eat?
Algae
Longest migration bird - Arctic to Antarctic?
Arctic Tern (18,000 miles)
Beach shoreline sculpted by little mini bays
Cusps
Opposite of swash
Backwash
Toothless whales have this instead of teeth
Baleen
Largest whale?
Blue whale
How deep can an eddy reach?
Bottom
First to explore the St. Lawrence Seaway?
Cartier
Born in salt water > fresh > spawn in salt water
Catadramos
1st European to explore Great Lakes
Champlain
Purpose of Octopus/squid ink
Decoy or smell
Smallest member of Odonticetti
Dolphin
Significance of the Ben Franklin
Drifted 30 days FL to NY underwater; built/piloted by August Piccard
City at Western tip of Lake Superior
Duluth, Minnesota
Smallest fish?
Dwarf pigmy goby - fresh; Marshall island goby - salt
How is the grey whale feeding so unusual?
Eats off the bottom
Largest pinniped
Elephant seal
Most common organism called krill
Euphausid - zooplankton
Zone that receives light penetration
Euphotic -About 200m
Cold vs. warm blooded
Exothermic vs endothermic
Where you find the nictitating membrane on a bird
Eye
How does a leatherback turtle survive in cold water?
Fat
Dubbed largest thief - bird can't land on water
Frigate
Zone outside of 200 nm EEZ
High seas
Origin of the word Halibut
Holy- Butt-
Whale noted for its song?
Humpback
Connects Lake Michigan to Mississippi
Illinois Waterway
ITCZ
Intertropical convergence zone -eq doldrums-
Changes in atmospheric pressure and wind direction in Tropical Pacific
Southern Oscillation
Location of extratropical storms? N Hemisphere is clockwise
Junction of Ferrel and Polar Cells ~60 Latitude
Most densely populated of the Great Lakes
Lake Erie
Great Lake that is entirely within the US
Lake Michigan
Major lake in the system but not part of the Great Lakes
Lake St. Clair
Largest turtles
Leatherbacks
Why do sea turtles eat bags?
Look like jelly fish
Dolphin's reception sounds
Lower jaw
Ilicum?
Lure of angler fish
Strait separating Lake Huron to Michigan
Mackinac
Give a member of the Sirenia
Manatee
Origin of sounds in a dolphin
Melon
Imaginary line separating N and S Hemisphere ~5 degrees N of Eq where there is a thermal equilibrium?
Meteorological equator?? Not geographical equator??
Marine bird that doesn't nest on land?
None
% of N. and S. Hemispheres covered with water?
N~60 and S~80
Niagara River connects ___ Lake with ___
Ontario, Erie
Lakes from E to W
Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan, Superior
Grampus old genus name for?
Orca
Water balance
Osmosis
Family of eared seals
Otarridae
Only sea mammal which uses tools
Otters and Dolphins
Study of the ocean past
Paleoceanography
Sessile?
Permanently attached
Most algae found in ___ zone
Photic
Major autotrophs -producers- of the sea
Phytoplankton
Most common mechanism to extract cores of sediment
Piston Corer
Biblical reference in Exodus to ___
Red Tide
Lock at entrance to Lake Superior
Sault Saint Marie
Two pest fish in Great Lakes
Sea Lampreys and Alewives
Only marine mammal without blubber
Sea otter
Walrus eat?
Shell fish
Why are dolphins born tail first?
So they don't drown
El Nino
The current
Tendency to resist temperature change
Thermal Inertia
Currents that flow E to W or W to E
Transverse currents
Countercurrents that exist beneath surface current
Undercurrent
How do penguins swim differently?
Use their wings
Most similar to a sea gull (habits): hawk, sparrow, vulture, owl
Vulture
It has 8 locks and overcomes the 3261' drop Niagara Falls
Welland Canal
Name lock and canal between Ontario and Erie
Welland Canal
