Number Representation and Calculation
Positional value
A number in standard form is separated into groups of three digits using commas. Each of these groups is called a period
Digits
Each digit has a place value. In the number 432, the 2 is the number of ones in the numbe
Roman Numeration system
I = 1; V = 5; X = 10; L = 50; C = 100; D = 500; M = 1000. The numbers one through ten are written I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X. Roman numerals are often used to signify divisions of a long work, or of a work with many parts.
Octal system
Octal numerals can be made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive binary digits into groups of three (starting from the right
Hindu-Arabic numerals
Set of 10 symbols—1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0—that represent numbers in the decimal number system.
Traditional Chinese numeration system
Unlike the number system we are used to, the Chinese system also has special characters to represent ten, a hundred, a thousand, ten thousand, as well as other multiples of ten.
Expanded form
Writing a number to show the value of each digit. It is shown as a sum of each digit multiplied by its matching place value
Babylonian numeration system
calculations (aided by their invention of the abacus), used a sexagesimal (base-60) positional numeral system inherited from either the Sumerian or the Eblaite civilizations.
Hexadecimal system
describes a base-16 number system.
Place value
in the standard system, called base ten, each place represents ten times the value of the place to its right.
Exponential notation
method for writing longer multiplication problems in a simplified manner
Numeral
numeral is a symbol or name that stands for a number. Examples: 3, 49 and twelve are all numerals.
Binary
numeral system or base-2 numeral system which represents numeric values using two different symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one). The base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2.
Number
object used to count, measure, and label. ... The original examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, and so forth.
Ionic Greek numeration system
system of representing numbers using the letters of the Greek alphabet. These alphabetic numerals are also known by names Ionic or Ionian numerals, Milesian numerals, and Alexandrian numerals.
Sexagesimal system
system with sixty as its base. It originated with the ancient Sumerians in the 3rd millennium BC, was passed down to the ancient Babylonians, and is still used
Additive system
the property that the function of the union or sum of two quantities is equal to the sum of the functional values of each quantity; linear.
Mayan numeration system
using only 3 symbols, a dot, a bar, and a symbol for zero, or completion, usually a shell. ... The number in the third place has a value of (20)2, or 400, times the value of the numeral.
Egyptian Numeration system
was a system of numeration based on the scale of ten, often rounded off to the higher power, written in hieroglyphs, but they had no concept of a place-valued system such as the decimal system is.
System of numerations
writing system for expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set
