Nutrition & Diet Therapy FINAL

Careful administration of central parenteral nutrition includes all of the following except; A. A slow start B. close monitoring c. abrupt withdrawal d. a strict schedule

Abrupt withdrawal

Which of the following foods is allowed for a preoperative client on a low-fiber diet?

Canned peaches

A very rapid rate of weight loss (1 pound per day) in an adult who is slightly overweight: A. usually encourages permanent changes in behavior B. May lead to sudden death in some clients C. Will preserve lean body mass D. fosters long term weight maintenance

May lead to sudden death in some clients

For most clients, the cornerstone of treatment of type 2 diabetes is: A. Stress management B. Meal planning C. Strict adherence to five planned meals per day D. Hypoglycemic drugs

Meal planning

Kilocalories usually need to be increased in protein-restricted diets because an adequate kilocalorie intake:

Spares protein

The first action a hypertensive client should take to lower blood pressure is to A. restrict fluid to 1500 ml per day B. Eliminate saturated fat from the diet C. lose weight if necessary D. Limit Sodium intake to 1 gram per day

lose weight if necessary

A client with cirrhosis of the liver should be if he or she experienced ____ before ordering diet

vomitting of blood

To lose 2 pounds of body fat per week, an individual must eat ____ fewer kilocalories each day for 7 days without a change in energy expenditure A. 1000 B. 1500 C. 2000 D. 2500

1000

Clinicians meausre ____ as an indicator of fat soluable vitamin absorption A. Folate B. Zinc C. 250 Hydroxy Vitamin D D. Glucose

250 hydroxy vitamin D

1000 ML of a D5W solution provides _____ grams of CHO and ____ KCAL A. 50 and 170 B. 5 and 20 C. 50 and 200 D. 5 and 17

50 and 170

lifestyle changes that are recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease risk limit saturated and trans fat intake to ____% of daily kilocalories and cholesterol to ___MG per day A. 45, 450 B. 30, 300 C. 15, 250 D. 7, 200

7, 200

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for food-drug interactions? A. A 50 year old man with no current disease who takes one baby aspirin daily to prevent heart disease B. a 75 year old woman taking medication for several chronic diseases C. a 39 year old man who usually consumes two cocktails before dinner D. A 25 year old pregnant woman who is taking a prenatal vitamin supplement and calcium tablets

A 75 year old woman taking medication for several chronic diseases

Compared with wasting, carhexia is: a. a slower process b. the result of both a protein and KC deficit c. always the result of a poor food intake d. best treated by the inclusion of 400 additional kc per day

A slower process

Parenternal nutrition is usually indicated in the following situation: A. Rectal Abscess B. Cancer Esophagus C. Bowel obstruction D. Malnutrition

Bowel Obstruction

Cruciferous vegetables that are thought to protect against cancer are A. Corn, Lima beans, and peas B. Carrots, green beans, and tomatoes, C. Brussels sprouts, bean sprouts, and water chestnuts D. Broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage

Broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage

Which of the following seasonings are permitted on a sodium-controlled diet? A. Catsup, horseradish, mustard, and tarter sauce B. Chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds C. Celeary seeds, seasoned meat tendorizer

Chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs), formed by high-temperature cooking of muscle meats, are well known risk factors for A. Breast Cancer B. Colorectal Cancer C. Lung Cancer D. Prostate cancer

Colorectal Cancer

All of the following interventions except one are likely to assist a client with cancer who suffers from Anorexia. Which is the exception? A. Confining the Diet to full liquids B. Supping complete nutritional supplements hourly between meals C. Serving meals attractively D. Exercising as possible before meals

Confining the diet to full liquds

Dietary guidelines for people with diabetes include A. One serving of alcohol daily B. Consume no more than 2000 miligrams of sodium each day C. Restrict fat intake to less than 10% of total kilocalories D. Consume at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day

Consume at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day

Kidney disease cannot be caused by

Consumption of 1 to 3 liters a day of water

Among the following, diarrhea in a tube-fed client is most likely related to: A. Continuous-infusion feeding B. Contamination C. Fluid deficiency D. Insufficient Kilocalories

Contamination

Research has identified which of the following factors as possibly explaining the conflicting results reported concerning dietary intakes and cancer development? A. Erroneous classification of the tumor types B. A time frame that extends over too many years C. Too large a sample of people recruited to the study D. Genetic differences in the metabolism of the people studied

D. Genetic differences in the metabolism of the people studied

An appropriate nutritional screen question for a client with a terminal illness is: a How many times do you eat a day? b. how much weight have you lost in the past month? c. do you look forward to your meals? d. do you include a green or yellow veggie in your diet every day?

Do you look forward to your meals?

Which of the following lifestyle changes would have the greatest effect in reducing risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? A. Limiting cholesterol intake to the recommended amount. B. Consuming plant sterols in recommended amounts C. Limiting alcohol intake to one )women_ or two (men) standard drinks per day D. Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

A client on HAART can partially compensate for fat redistribution syndrom by: a. taking medications as prescribed b. taking supplemental vitamins and minerals c. consuming a low-fat diet d. exercising

Exercising

The following statement is true: A. Acute illness lowers blood glucose levels B. Fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes C. Persons with diabetes who have an acute illness require a vitamin and mineral supplement D. Persons with diabetes should never eat forms of simple sugar

Fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes

A client with anorexia nervousa A. Has an increased resting energy expenditure B. Frequently complains of constipation C. Is not likely to have a body image disturbance D. Typically seeks the company of others

Frequently complains of constipation

Experts advocate the following when refeeding a malnourished client: a. immediately pushing KC and protein to replinish lost stores b. progressing the rate, volume, and concentration of a tube feeding as rapidly as possible c. full participation of all memebers of the health care team to manage commonly seen metabolic abnormatlities d. correction of the hyperphosphatemia seen during the refeeding of a malnourished client

Full participation of all members of the care team to manage commonly seen matabolic abnormalities

A diet prescription consistent with palliative care goal is:

Gluten-free diet for diarrhea and celiac disease

The most important nutritional consideration in treating clients with kidney stones is to

INcrease fluid intake

An obese client should be enrolled ina weight management program and meet the following criteria before medications are tried: A. BMI of 20 and a waist circumference of 30 inches B. In a male, waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 27 D. In a female, a waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

In a female, a waist circumference of at least 25 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

The DASH diet to reduce hypertension emphasizes: A. increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and legumes B. Specialty formulas as meal replacements C. Carbohydrate control and continuing similar to that is used in diabetes treatment D. Increased amounts of protein through low-fat dairy products and large servings of meats

Increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes

A client taking lithium is most likely to experience increased mania with: A. Decreased fluid intake and decreased sodium intake B. Decreased fluid intake and increased potassium intake C. Increased sodium intake and decreased potassium intake D. Increased sodium intake and increased fluid intake

Increased sodium and increased fluid

Malnutrution is commonly seen in clients with pulmonary dieases for all but one of the following reasons A. Many of the clients have decreased food intake B. Many of these clients expend more KC to breath C. Many of these clients have impaired GI tract function D. Many of these clients have an extraoridnary ability to fight infection

Many of these clients have an extraordinary ability to fight infection

Which of the following is not a recommended procedure for administering medications through a tube feeding? A. Mix all of the medications together, crush thoroughly, mix with water, and add to the formula. B. If at all possible, use miedications in the liquid form. C. Flush the tube with at least 30 ML of water before giving the medication and before resuming the tube feeding formula.

Mix all of the medications together, crush thoroughly, mix with water, and add to the formula.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines suggest which of the following intakes is permissible for healthy individuals undergoing elective procedures?

Plain tea and unbuttered toast with clear jelly 6 hours before scheduled surgery

Which of the following is a nutritional goal for a child with renal failure?

Promote normal growth and development

For which of the following items is there most agreement that athletes require increased amounts compared with more sedentary individuals? A. Creatine B. Glucosamine C. Glycerol D. Protein

Protein

An elderly overweight smoker should first be encouraged to: A. Lose weight B. Quit Smoking C. Lose weight and quit smoking using any means possible D. Be evaluated to determine if weight loss is indicated and bone health is adequate

Quit Smoking

The diet for reactive hypoglycemia includes the following features: A. Small, frequent meals with restricted simple sugars B. Three meals with ample simple sugars and high complex carbohydrate C. Four to six small meals that are high in fat D. Three high-carbohydrate meals that are moderate in fat

Small frequent meals with restricted simple sugars

A burn client's need for kilocalories is related to: A. The amount of protein eaten B. The total body surface area burned C. The volume of food tolerated D. The amount of existing nutrient stores

The total body surface area burned

If a client has a history of ketoacidosis, he or she most likely has which type of diabetes. A. Type 1 B. Type 2 C. Pituitary D. Gestational

Type 1

The health care workers best insurance against HIV transmission on the job is A. hang washing B. universal precautions c. body substance isolation d. adherence to all food safety policies

Universal Precautions

which of the following foods is likely to be well received by a cancer client with mouth ulcerations? A. Hot chicken noodle soup B. Orange juice with orange sherbet C. Vanilla milkshake D. Soda crackers with cream cheese

Vanilla Milkshake

Clients who have had resection of the ileium should not be monitored for

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

The ____ intake from food is not monitored in renal clients

Vitamin D

Which of the following meal components is likely to lessen symptoms of the dumping syndrome?

Whole wheat toast with dietetic jelly

The intervention approproate for a terminally ill client with dyspnea who requests dietary treamtn is

consider a high fat, low carb complete nutritional supplement

Individuals following a vitamin K controlled diet as outlined in the text may have three servings per day of all of the following except A. cooked collards or spinach B. raw broccoli or spinach C. endive or romaine lettuce d. asparagus and leaf lettuce

cooked collards or spinach

Which of the following conditions does not increase a clinet's resting energy expenditure? a infection b COPD c starvation d burn

starvation