Nutrition Chap 1-3

Match the nutrient to the correct AMDR: Protein

10-35%

Match the nutrient to the correct AMDR: Fat

20-35%

On a food label the "%Daily Value" table compares key nutrients per serving for a person consuming how many kcalories daily?

2000

Approximately how many kcalories more per day are needed by an average college-age student who is active compared with her inactive counterpart?

400-500

Match the nutrient to the correct AMDR: Carbohydrate

45-65%

Approximately what minimum percentage of all grains consumed by a person should be whole grains?

50%

Which of the following is a feature of the exchange list system?

All foods are grouped according to their content of carbohydrate, protein, and fats

Nancy is having difficulty digesting fatty foods. After seeing her doctor, who found no evidence of inflammation, she says that she must now see a specialist to determine why she is having trouble releasing bile from her gallbladder. What hormone is most likely functioning improperly for Nancy?

CCK

What is the function of bile?

Emulsifies fats

Ten grams of fat

Contains 90 kilocalories of energy

Which of the following stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice?

Secretin

Which of the following is NOT a function of hydrochloric acid in digestion/absorption?

It activates pancreatic lipase

Which of the following is a major criticism of the use of the MyPlate educational tool?

It treats all foods within a single group the same

What organ is affected by colitis?

Large intestine

What is the meaning of a double-blind experiment?

Neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group

Food exchange systems were originally developed for people with

diabetes

An empty-kcalorie food is one that contains

energy and little or no protein, vitamins, or minerals.

What part of the GI tract prevents a person from choking while swallowing?

epiglottis

Gram for gram, which of the following provides the most energy?

fats

Which of the following would NOT be acted upon by pancreatic juice secreted into the intestinal tract?

fiber

Gastrointestinal bacteria in the body:

assist in the production of vitamins

A food that provides 15% of the Daily Value of a nutrient is considered to be a(n):

good source

"This product contains whole grains, which have been proven to reduce the risk of heart disease and certain cancers"

health claim

To fully utilize the concepts of MyPlate requires the consumer to

be Internet active.

Which of the following is a characteristic of structure-function claims on food labels?

They can be made without any FDA approval

MyPlate was created to

illustrate the five food groups

What two major nutrients are supplied by the fruit and vegetable groups?

Vitamins A and C

Which of the following results from reverse peristalsis?

Vomiting

The sphincter at the lower end of the esophagus is known as the:

cardiac sphincter

The most common cause for the development of ulcers is

infection from H. pylori

A food that is labeled as being "fat free" is best described as containing:

less than 0.5 grams of fat per serving

An essential nutrient is one that cannot be

made in sufficient quantities by the body

In what organ does the digestion process begin?

mouth

What protective mechanism helps to prevent erosion in the stomach?

mucus secretion

Your friend Carrie took a daily supplement of vitamin C and stated that she felt a lot better. Her experience is best described as a(n)

anecdote

Which of the following is NOT the same as fat-free milk?

1% Milk

A weight reduction regimen calls for a daily intake of 1400 kcalories, which includes 30 grams of fat. Approximately what percentage of the total energy is contributed by fat?

19%

Which of the following represents the usual sequence of stages in the development of a nutrient deficiency resulting from inadequate intake?

Declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body, and overt signs

What vessel carries blood from the liver to the heart?

Hepatic Vein

What is the first vessel to receive absorbed water-soluble vitamins?

Hepatic portal vein

After someone chews and swallows a portion of food, what becomes of the salivary amylase in the stomach?

It is inactivated by gastric juice

Immediately after absorption, what circulatory system carries the fat-soluble vitamins and large fats?

Lymphatic

When choosing between two of the same food item such as chicken soup, which ingredient list would indicate that you are getting the best nutritional value?

The first ingredient listed is chicken

The action of peristalsis is considered to be a(n):

continuous action

A food that has nutrients added to it that did not appear in the original product is known as a(n)

fortified food

A person on a low-fiber diet is at increased risk for experiencing elevated rectal vein pressure leading to formation of

hemorrhoids

Which of the following is a feature of peristalsis?

it consists of wavelike muscular contractions resulting from alternate tightening and relaxing of cricular muscles and longitudinal muscles

The structure that controls the passage of material from the small intestine to the large intestine

lleocecal valve

A person who has a history of gastrointestinal problems related to indigestion and heartburn might have problems with the:

lower esophageal sphincter

Overcooking a food is least likely to affect which of the following groups of nutrients?

minerals

Which of the following are inorganic compounds?

minerals and water

A child's strong dislike of noodle soup that developed after she consumed some when she was sick with the flu is an example of a food-related

negative association

An increase in exercise accompanied by a decrease in body weight is an example of a

negative correlation

Nutrient dense refers to foods that

provide more nutrients relative to kcalories

"Good source of fiber" is a

nutrient claim

According to the principles of the USDA Food Patterns, the foundation of a healthful diet should consist of :

nutrient-dense foods

What is/are the primary target organ(s) for the action of cholecystokinin (CCK)?

pancreas and gallbladder

Inspection of hair, eyes, skin, and posture is part of the nutrition assessment component known as

physical examination

Which of the following is NOT a legume?

potatoes

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach

Which of the following is an example of a macronutrient?

protein

The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to.

raise the pH of chyme

Which type of deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption of a nutrient?

secondary

What transport process accounts for the absorption of water?

simple diffusion

After sitting through a two-hour lecture in math, your stomach is growling. You have just learned about surface area and its role in mathematics. Your classmate points out that surface area is also an integral part of the absorption of nutrients

through the presence of the enormous number of villi and microvilli.

What is the name of the projections on the inner surface of the small intestine?

villi

After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?

stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon

"Improves memory"

structure-function claim

A person who eats the same food every day is not following the diet-planning principle of:

variety

A food product that is high in fiber with all of its nutrients retained in the food product can be described as a(n):

whole-grain food

You are eating a food that states the amount of kcalories per serving is 240 and there are 4 servings per container. If you eat the entire food product, you would be consuming how many kcalories?

960

A person with chronic diarrhea is at risk for which of the following?

Dehydration

To identify early-stage malnutrition, a health professional would use which of the following parameters?

Laboratory testing

The structure that controls the release of material from the stomach to the small intestine

Pyloric sphincter

Which of the following statements defines the association between a risk factor and the development of a disease?

The more risk factors for a disease, the greater the chance of developing that disease