nutrition

10 1 / 1 pts Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ____ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.

/ 20 40 60 90 ;

9 1 / 1 pts Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain ________. high-fructose corn syrup

/ Clostridium botulinum spores aflatoxins aspartame ;

5 1 / 1 pts _____ are vermin that often transmit pathogens to food. Birds

/ Cockroaches Snakes Spiders ;

8 1 / 1 pts Which of the following U.S. government agencies enforces federal food safety laws? Agricultural Research Service Environmental Prevention Agency Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

/ Food and Drug Administration ;

6 1 / 1 pts ____ infection is the most common food-borne illness in the United States.

/ Norovirus Hepatitis A Influenza Rotavius ;

7 1 / 1 pts Pathogens ________. cause oxidation of nutrients

/ are disease-causing agents damage DNA protect cells from free radical destruction ;

45 1 / 1 pts Alex is a competitive endurance athlete who weighs 90 kg. He would like to plan a nutritionally adequate diet that provides enough carbohydrate to maintain his weight and glycogen stores during training. According to expert recommendations, he should consume _____ grams of carbohydrate daily while in training. 420 to 700 480 to 800

540 to 900 580 to 1000

30 1 / 1 pts _____ is the primary source of direct energy ("energy currency") for cells. Glucose Fat Glycogen

ATP

39 1 / 1 pts Which of the following substances is in breast milk but not in infant formulas?

Antibodies Lipids Lactose Iron

41 1 / 1 pts Which of the following foods is often recommended as the first solid food for infants?

Baby cereal Green beans Fresh apricots Oatmeal cookies

17 1 / 1 pts _____ limits the amount of food a person can eat at one time. Liposuction

Bariatric surgery Stomachectomy Colonoscopy

36 1 / 1 pts Which of the following conditions is often associated with the abuse of anabolic steroids?

Bloody liver cysts Low blood pressure Urinary tract infections Macular degeneration

14 1 / 1 pts Which of the following practices is the most reliable way of sanitizing impure water? Freezing and thawing the water

Boiling the water Adding salt to the water Shaking the water vigorously for 1 minute

12 1 / 1 pts Which of the following activities is an aspect of basal metabolism?

Building bone tissue Digesting starches and sugars Maintaining an upright posture Watching TV

12 1 / 1 pts The toxin produced by _____ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing and even death. Giardia Salmonella species

Clostridium botulinum Trichinella

23 1 / 1 pts Which of the following safety steps should you take if your home experiences a loss of electricity that lasts for several days? Eat raw or cooked foods that have been stored in the refrigerator

Cook foods and boil water on a charcoal grill that is outdoors Use water from a swimming pool or your car's radiator to wash your hands and dishes Serve foods from dented or bulging cans first

39 1 / 1 pts Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic? Stretching

Cycling Gardening Playing golf

34 1 / 1 pts Which of the following substances is a lipid that is necessary for the proper development of an infant's nervous system? Alanine

DHA Trans fat EDTA

22 1 / 1 pts After a tornado outbreak, Marie's house was damaged and her neighborhood experienced a power outage that lasted three days. Which of the following steps should she take to avoid food-borne illness during the loss of electricity?

Do not eat raw or cooked foods that have been at room temperature for more than 2 hours Use a charcoal grill to cook foods to their proper internal temperatures in her kitchen Use water from a swimming pool or her car's radiator to wash her hands and dishes Serve foods from dented or bulging cans first

40 1 / 1 pts Which of the following physical activities is not aerobic? Running Cross country skiing Cycling

Driving a car

2 1 / 1 pts Which of the following vitamins have antioxidant activity? B-6 D K

E

33 1 / 1 pts Which of the following conditions is a major cause of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States? Pica Physiological anemia

Eclampsia Morning sickness

48 1 / 1 pts Which of the following features is a characteristic of a physically fit person?

Flexibility Self-esteem High maximum heart rate Interest in sports

44 1 / 1 pts Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most carbohydrate? Jogging for 30 minutes

Hard cycling for 1 hour Walking for 1 hour Lifting weight for 30 minutes

11 1 / 1 pts Which of the following conditions decreases a person's metabolic rate? Producing milk to breastfeed a baby

Having a lower than normal level of thyroid hormone Consuming essential fatty acids Having a fever

35 1 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about human milk is false? Consuming human milk may reduce a baby's risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood. Human milk naturally contains antibodies and immune cells. The composition of human milk changes over time to meet the nutritional needs of a growing infant.

Human milk is a rich source of vitamin D.

26 1 / 1 pts A 25-year-old woman is producing breast milk. She is in which life stage? Pregnancy Adolescence

Lactation Older adult years

20 1 / 1 pts How can you tell if a food has been irradiated to preserve it? Observe any unusual color changes in the food Smell the food and note any "off" flavors Test the food for nutrient losses

Look for the Radura symbol on the package

33 1 / 1 pts Which of the following foods would be a nutritious low-fat, high-carbohydrate food for an athlete? Sausage pizza Fried chicken breast

Pasta with fresh vegetables Cheese sticks

11 1 / 1 pts Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella? Canned applesauce Honey Cooked pork

Raw chicken

29 1 / 1 pts Michelle's weekly exercise program includes stair stepping, static stretching, cycling, and push-ups. Which of these activities is generally classified as a flexibility exercise? Stair stepping

Static stretching Cycling Push-ups

5 1 / 1 pts _____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises. Intracellular Cellulite Visceral

Subcutaneous

42 1 / 1 pts Which of the following nutrients cannot be metabolized for ATP production? Glucose Fat Protein

Thiamin

49 1 / 1 pts Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults? Niacin Thiamin

Vitamin E Pantothenic acid

43 1 / 1 pts Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most fat?

Walking for an hour Running for two hours Hard cycling for 1 hour Performing 200-meter hurdles during competition

20 1 / 1 pts Carey skips breakfast and eats only organic foods. Before exams, she avoids eating anything that is "alive" or "had a face" while it was alive. Her BMI is 21.6 and she seems to be healthy. Based on this information, Carey is at risk of developing ________.

an eating disorder diabulimia muscle dysmorphia the female athlete triad

47 1 / 1 pts In the United States, most ________. girls begin their growth spurt when they are between 14 and 16 years of age girls begin menstruating before they reach puberty

boys begin puberty when they are between 10 to 12 years of age boys have stopped growing by the time they are 16 years of age

36 1 / 1 pts Kari is considering whether she should exclusively breastfeed or formula-feed her new baby. To encourage Kari to breastfeed, you provide some factual information by telling her that ________. breastfeeding can reduce her baby's risk of cystic fibrosis in childhood human milk has the same composition as infant formula

breastfeeding can help her lose the body fat she gained during pregnancy human milk is a rich source of iron, calcium, and vitamin D

37 1 / 1 pts During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________. prolactin

colostrum oxytocin estrogen

24 1 / 1 pts Most people who suffer from anorexia nervosa ________. have a strong desire to gain weight have high self-esteem

deny they are too thin are males between 16 and 30 years of age

23 1 / 1 pts After bingeing on cakes and cookies, Bonnie practices self-induced vomiting to avoid gaining weight. Based on this information, you would expect to notice _____ as a sign of her purging behavior.

sores on her knuckles cuts on her forehead bruises on her cheeks scar tissue in her kidneys.

6 1 / 1 pts "Cellulite" is ________. a special type of muscle tissue that is stored in thighs and buttocks of women

subcutaneous adipose tissue that gives skin a lumpy appearance visceral fat that has migrated from the abdomen to thighs and buttocks fat that can be removed by mechanical massage or melted by hot laser therapy

28 1 / 1 pts During pregnancy, edema can be a sign of a serious health problem if ________. the swelling is limited to the hands and feet morning sickness, heartburn, and fatigue also occur

the swelling is accompanied by severe hypertension and protein in the urine weight loss and morning sickness also occur

28 1 / 1 pts People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of ________. cystic fibrosis megaloblastic anemia

type 2 diabetes celiac disease

25 1 / 1 pts A farmer in Iowa wants to control crop pests by using integrated pest management techniques. Based on this information, the farmer will use ________. EPA-approved herbicides

viruses that attack a variety of weeds rodenticides that contain arsenic and warfarin fungicides that control the spread of molds

46 1 / 1 pts Excess fluid consumption can result in a condition called _________. chronic hypotension idiopathic rehydration

water intoxication terminal osmosis

45 1 / 1 pts Infants _____ have a high risk of obesity. who obtain regular physical activity with birth weights between 6.0 and 8.0 pounds that are given vitamin C supplements

whose mothers are obese

13 1 / 1 pts Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he ________. thaws the frozen raw chicken in a covered tray on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the refrigerator and then throws out the marinade keeps the pie chilled before serving it

4 1 / 1 pts Trevor enjoys cooking chicken, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices do not result in cross contamination. What should he avoid doing? Washing his hands in warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds before and after touching the raw chicken. Sanitizing the knife that he used to cut up the raw chicken with a mixture of bleach and water before using it again. Grilling the chicken on a hot grill until the internal temperature of the flesh reached 165°F.

/ Cleaning the plate used to carry the chicken to the grill with a paper towel before using it for serving raw vegetables. ;

16 1 / 1 pts The USDA recommends that fresh pork be cooked until its internal temperature is at least ________. 130ºF 140ºF

145ºF 155ºF

18 1 / 1 pts The USDA recommends that a beef steak be cooked until its internal temperature is at least ________.

145ºF 155ºF 165ºF 175ºF

29 1 / 1 pts Zoe is due to give birth to a girl in November. Before she became pregnant, Zoe weighed 168 pounds, which was in the overweight range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy. no more than 5 10 to 15

15 to 25 20 to 35

17 1 / 1 pts The USDA recommends that fresh ground meat be cooked until its internal temperature is at least ________. 130ºF 150ºF 180ºF

160ºF

15 1 / 1 pts According to the USDA, a whole cooked chicken is safe to serve when its internal temperature reaches a minimum of ________. 115ºF 125ºF 145ºF

165ºF

30 1 / 1 pts Angie is due to give birth to a boy in June. Before she became pregnant, Angie weighed 215 pounds, which was in the obese BMI range. According to her physician, she should gain no more than ______ pounds during her pregnancy. 5 10 15

20

14 1 / 1 pts A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal. 1500 2500

3500 4500

24 1 / 1 pts _____ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40 Rodent hair Glass Sand

19 1 / 1 pts You have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea when you visit ________.

Mexico City, Mexico Los Angeles, California Montreal, Canada Tokyo, Japan

49 1 / 1 pts _____ are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of cells because most of the energy stored in macronutrients is released in them. Ribosomes Plasma membranes

Mitochondria Lysosomes

26 1 / 1 pts What is physical activity?

Movement that results from contracting skeletal muscles. Movement that results from any muscular contraction. Muscular activity that is planned and conducted for improving health. Muscular activity of vital organs, especially the heart and lungs.

13 1 / 1 pts While in class, Barry can't seem to sit still. He constantly taps his feet on the floor and frequently shifts his position. The energy Barry uses for these involuntary movements is classified as ________. basal metabolism resting metabolism

NEAT TEF

19 1 / 1 pts A new weight loss program includes recommendations that are likely to be unsafe and not result in long-term weight loss and maintenance. Which of the following recommendations is a component of this particular weight loss program?

The person only eats foods that begin with the letters R, K, and M. The person finds ways to incorporate more physical activity into his or her daily routine. The person measures his or her waistline weekly. The person keeps a daily food intake record to identify "problem foods."

34 1 / 1 pts Many sports organizations, including the National Collegiate Athletic Association, have banned the use of _____ by athletes. colloidal ligands herbal extracts

anabolic steroids branched chain amino acids

3 1 / 1 pts The _____ is based on the relationship between weight and risk of chronic health problems associated with excess body fat.

body mass index waist/hip variable adjusted adiposity factor VO2 max

Home-canned low-acid foods, such as beans and corn, may be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium that produces a dangerous toxin. To destroy the toxin, the food should be ________. frozen for 2 days and then thawed in the refrigerator before eating heated in a microwave oven for 5 minutes chilled for at least 24 hours before serving /

boiled for 10 minutes before tasting or eating ;

40 1 / 1 pts Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________. lose the let-down reflex

can sit up with some back support have most of their primary teeth develop the swallowing reflux

31 1 / 1 pts The complete oxidation of glucose releases energy and results in the formation of ________. iron oxide and glycogen

carbon dioxide and water sodium acetate and methane sodium hydroxide and calcium citrate

37 1 / 1 pts By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of ________. beriberi

cardiovascular disease pernicious anemia hemochromatosis

9 1 / 1 pts Eric's waist circumference is 42 inches. Based on this information, he has a high risk of ________. low LDL cholesterol elevated HDL cholesterol

cardiovascular disease protein-energy malnutrition

38 1 / 1 pts Including exercise in your daily routine can reduce your risk of ________. osteoarthritis

certain cancers inflammatory bowel disease rickets

10 1 / 1 pts Basal metabolism includes energy needs for ________. digesting food performing physical activity shivering in cold conditions

circulating blood

15 1 / 1 pts Consuela is an overweight young woman who wants to lose 10 pounds. The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to ________.

decrease her usual daily energy intake decrease her physical activity increase her daily vitamin D intake increase her essential fatty acid intake

27 1 / 1 pts Gloria is a healthy 25-year-old woman. According to recommendations of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, she should perform _____ strengthening activities that focus on major muscle groups at least twice a week. two to 5 six to 8 twelve to 16

eight to 10

35 1 / 1 pts The Food and Drug Administration has not approved _____ for production, sale, or use in the United States. biotin beta-alanine growth hormone

ephedra

18 1 / 1 pts In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to ________. eat high-protein diets skip meals, especially breakfast weigh themselves only once a month

exercise, on average, for 60 minutes daily

8 1 / 1 pts Tim's body is shaped like a pear, because his excess body fat is distributed mostly below his waist. His body fat distribution is associated with ________. increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease increased risk of osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases

fewer serious chronic health problems than if the excess fat were in the upper part of his body More nutrient deficiency diseases than if the excess fat were in the upper part of his body

31 1 / 1 pts Pregnant women generally need to take a dietary supplement that contains ________. protein oxytocin

folic acid conjugated fatty acids

7 1 / 1 pts Obese women have a higher risk of developing _____ during pregnancy than pregnant women who are not obese. maternal homocystinuria cystic fibrosis pernicious anemia

gestational diabetes

50 1 / 1 pts Muscles store ____, the immediate source of glucose for contracting muscles. fatty acids alanine ATP

glycogen An _____ is a substance that protects vulnerable molecules from free radicals. enzyme oncogene Correct! antioxidant ion

47 1 / 1 pts An effective and comprehensive aerobic workout program ________. relies on resistance training

gradually increases in duration and intensity of activities should be performed once a week to avoid boredom should be performed for at least 90 minutes daily to be effective

21 1 / 1 pts Females involved in competitive sports, especially _____, are at risk of the female athlete triad.

gymnastics soccer softball lacrosse

2 1 / 1 pts Jason is a college football player who works out for 60 minutes per day, at least 5 days a week. He weighs 230 pounds, and his BMI is 23.7. According to this information, Jason ________.

has more lean than fat tissue is overweight is obese has the athletic sports triad

43 1 / 1 pts Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile. According to this information, Mario's weight is ________.

healthy for his age in the obese range too low for his age in the overweight category

41 1 / 1 pts Cells release much of the energy stored in macronutrients as ________. ATP creatine phosphate

heat carbon dioxide

2 1 / 1 pts The process of pasteurization involves the use of ________. radiation to destroy pathogens

heat to kill pathogens pressure to immobilize pathogens chemicals to denature pathogens ;

44 1 / 1 pts During her first pregnancy, Britt was unable to stop smoking. Based on this information, her baby has a ________. low risk of SIDS

high risk of becoming an obese child low risk of asthma high risk of megaloblastic anemia

32 1 / 1 pts Pregnant women who develop gestational diabetes are more likely to give birth to ______ infants than pregnant women who do not have this condition.

high-birth-weight low-birth-weight term anemic

4 1 / 1 pts People with BMIs of 25 or more have greater risks of _____ than people with BMIs in the healthy range. osteomalacia anemia fluorosis

hypertension

16 1 / 1 pts Erin is following a safe and medically sound weight loss program to lose 20 pounds. According to this information, her program ________.

includes regular physical activity limits her energy intake to no more than 800 kcal/day reduces her metabolic rate by 20% requires dietary supplements that contain vitamins, minerals, and ephedra

32 1 / 1 pts The liver can convert _____ into glucose that can be released into the bloodstream or stored as glycogen. fatty acids ATP

lactate vitamin D

38 1 / 1 pts Human milk is naturally a rich source of ________. iron vitamin D

lipids fluoride

50 1 / 1 pts According to "wear and tear" theories of aging,

longevity results when the body continues to repair the damage that occurs from a lifetime of exposures and experiences. the bodies of people who exercise regularly do not wear out as quickly as the bodies of less physically active people. longevity results when a person does not wear out his or her digestive system by eating too much food. the muscles of people who exercise vigorously on a regular basis experience tiny tears that stimulate the immune system, which helps maintain overall good health.

21 1 / 1 pts During a natural disaster, it is safe to drink the water from ________. car or truck radiators toilet bowls, if the bathrooms have not flooded

melted ice cubes that are in the freezer swimming pools

46 1 / 1 pts Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to eat ________. fewer foods away from home smaller amounts of sodium fewer fried foods

more sugar-sweetened beverages

3 1 / 1 pts Harold grows apple trees on his small farm. He practices organic farming methods, so he does not use pesticides. This fall, he would like to make minimally-processed organic apple juice that does not contain preservatives. He wants to sell the beverage at the local farmer's market. Based on this information, Harold should _____ before bottling the juice to make it safe for consumers.

pasteurize the juice add BHA to the juice chill the juice for 24 hours ferment the juice

25 1 / 1 pts Physical fitness may be defined as the ability to ________.

perform moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity for a reasonable amount of time without becoming excessively tired move joints beyond their normal range of motion maintain maximum heart rate for 10 minutes, without warming up engage in high-intensity workouts by reaching one's maximum heart rate within 5 minutes of beginning the exertion

27 1 / 1 pts The _____ is the organ of pregnancy that transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus. ovary uterus

placenta endometrium

22 1 / 1 pts Conditions associated with the female athlete triad include ________.

reduced bone mineral density cystic fibrosis premenopausal polycystic syndrome hyperthermia

48 1 / 1 pts Reduced _____ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

saliva production heartburn bruising vulnerability to infections

42 1 / 1 pts Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants. soy-based formulas

semisolid food in a baby bottle rice cereal formulas containing lactose or DHA