Nutrition Questions
Orthodox Jewish faith about food supplements
A supplement between meals helps a client gain weight. Drinking milk without consuming meat at the same time is an acceptable practice in the Orthodox Jewish faith. Orthodox Jews do not eat dairy and meat or fowl at the same meal.
A nurse in the pediatric clinic determines that the pancreatic enzyme replacement being taken by a child with cystic fibrosis is inadequate. What clinical finding supports this conclusion? 1 Anorexia 2 Constipation 3 Sudden weight gain 4 Abdominal cramping
Abdominal cramping and distention are associated with inadequate pancreatic enzyme replacement because foods are inadequately digested. The opposite of anorexia occurs; the appetite is voracious. Diarrhea, not constipation, results. Weight loss, not gain, occurs because of decreased digestion and absorption of nutrients.
how to administer percutaneous enterostomal gastrostomy (PEG) tube feeding to a client.
Check prescription for correct client formula. Connect tube feeding bag to client and feeding pump. Check for residual before beginning feeding. Flush with warm water before beginning feeding. Set correct rate and initiate pump Flush the PEG tube with 30 mL of warm water and set correct rate on pump and begin feeding. Room temperature, not warmed formula, is used. The client's head of bed needs to be elevated at least 30 degrees. Residuals obtained are reinstilled back into the stomach unless the client is a vomiting/aspiration risk. Current literature indicates that residuals of 250 mL and even greater can be reinstilled. The nurse should refer to the agency policy/procedure as well as the health care provider prescription regarding residuals.
After taking spironolactone (Aldactone), a potassium-sparing diuretic, the client inquires about foods and fluids that are low in potassium. Which juice should the nurse teach the client contains the least amount of potassium? 1 Apple juice 2 Orange juice 3 Tomato juice 4 Cranberry juice
Cranberry juice contains approximately 46 mg of potassium per 8 ounces. Apple juice contains approximately 295 mg of potassium per 8 ounces. Orange juice contains approximately 496 mg of potassium per 8 ounces. Tomato juice contains approximately 535 mg of potassium per 8 ounces.
Clients with eating disorders often exhibit similar symptoms. What should the nurse expect an adolescent with anorexia nervosa to exhibit? Correct1 Affective instability 2 Repetitive motor mechanisms 3 Depersonalization and derealization 4 Disheveled and unkempt physical appearance
Individuals with anorexia often display irritability, hostility, and a depressed mood. Repetitive motor mechanisms are associated with autism. Depersonalization and derealization are associated with individuals with schizophrenia. Clients with eating disorders are usually meticulous about dress and physical appearance; a disheveled appearance is associated with dementia or depression.
19. The nurse is developing a list of appropriate foods for a client who has been prescribed a low sodium diet. The nurse reviews the list with the client. The nurse evaluates that the teaching is understood when the client states, "It is okay for me to eat: 1 Broiled scallops." 2 Bologna on rye bread." 3 Shredded wheat cereal." 4 Carrot and celery sticks."
Shredded wheat cereal has low sodium content. Shellfish are high in sodium. Processed meats are high in sodium. Carrot and celery sticks are high in sodium
10) The nurse is creating a discharge teaching plan for a client that had a subtotal gastrectomy. The nurse should include what instructions about minimizing dumping syndrome? Select all that apply. 1 Drink fluids with meals 2 Eat small frequent meals 3 Lie down for one hour after eating 4 Chew food five times before swallowing 5 Select foods that are low in fiber
Small, frequent meals keep the volume within the stomach to a minimum at any one time, limiting dumping syndrome. Lying down delays emptying of the stomach contents, which will limit dumping syndrome. Fluids should be taken between meals to decrease the volume within the stomach at one time. Dumping syndrome occurs after eating because of the rapid movement of food into the jejunum without the usual digestive mixing in the stomach and processing in the duodenum. Chewing a set number of times before swallowing is not pertinent to solving this problem. High fiber, complex carbohydrates, moderate fats, and high protein in small frequent meals are recommended to prevent dumping syndrome
After a short hospitalization for an episode of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) related to hypertension, a client is discharged on a regimen that includes chlorothiazide (Diuril). What should the nurse instruct the client to do regarding nutrition? Select all that apply. 1 Eat more citrus fruits 2 Take protein supplements 3 Return to previous eating habits 4 Increase intake of dairy products 5 Increase intake of dried cooked beans
The client should increase the dietary intake of potassium because of potassium loss associated with chlorothiazide. Citrus fruits are high in potassium and should be encouraged. Legumes, such as dried beans, are high in potassium and low in saturated fats. Protein should be obtained from foods, such as fish and fowl. Returning to previous eating habits is unsafe; the client should be taught about medication-induced deficiencies and how to try to prevent future TIAs. Dairy products should be limited, unless fat free, because they are high in saturated fats.
Postpartum period a client tells a nurse that she has been having leg cramps. Which foods should the nurse encourage the client to eat? 1 Liver and raisins 2 Cheese and broccoli 3 Eggs and lean meats 4 Whole-wheat breads and cereals
The leg cramps may be related to low calcium intake; cheese and broccoli each have a high calcium content. Although liver and raisins, eggs and lean meats, and whole-wheat breads and cereals are recommended as part of a high-quality nutritional intake, they are inadequate sources of calcium.
A client with cirrhosis of the liver and malnutrition begins to develop slurred speech, confusion, drowsiness, and tremors. With these signs and symptoms, the nurse expects that the client's diet will be limited to: 1 20 grams of protein, 2000 calories. 2 80 grams of protein, 1000 calories. 3 100 grams of protein, 2500 calories. 4 150 grams of protein, 1200 calories.
The signs and symptoms indicate hepatic coma; protein is reduced according to tolerance, and calories are increased to prevent tissue catabolism. Eighty grams of protein and 1000 calories, 100 grams of protein and 2500 calories, and 150 grams of protein and 1200 calories represent a high-protein diet, which is contraindicated in impending hepatic coma.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) 1 L every 12 hours is prescribed for a malnourished client. What is most important for the nurse to monitor? 1 Daily weight 2 Urinary output 3 Administration rate 4 Serum glucose levels
The solution is hyperosmolar and is a concentrated source of glucose; rapid infusion can cause a shift of fluid into the intravascular compartment, resulting in overload and hyperglycemia; an infusion device should be used as an added precaution. Daily weights are beneficial for monitoring fluid balance. Weight gain because of adequate nutritional intake is monitored weekly; although important, it is not the priority. Although important, serum glucose levels are not the priority.
Pregnant PT toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. What should the nurse teach the client? 1 Pork and beef should be cooked thoroughly. 2 Toxoplasmosis is a disease that is most prevalent in foreign countries. 3 Raw shellfish are intermediary hosts and should be avoided during pregnancy. 4 Salad dressings made with mayonnaise should be avoided during the summer months.
Thorough cooking of pork and beef thoroughly before consumption helps prevent ingestion of the cyst stage of the Toxoplasma protozoa. Even though toxoplasmosis is more prevalent in foreign countries, it occurs in the United States and its prevention should be addressed. Raw shellfish is not related to toxoplasmosis. Salad dressings made with mayonnaise are not linked to toxoplasmosis.
