Nutrition Test 3 Study Guide
long duration of life
Longevity is defined as
Hypothalamus
On which organ or tissue does leptin primarily act?
It is a satiety gland
Which of the following is a feature of leptin?
Spina Bifida
incomplete closure of spinal cord and its bony encasement
34
According to body mass index figures, what percentage of people aged 2-19 years are overweight or obese?
2/3
According to body mass index values, what fraction of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese?
strongly recommended
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatric Society, breastfeeding of full-term infants is
no teeth
A person who is edentulous has
difficulty swallowing
A person with dysphagia has
lipotoxity
Adverse effects on organs such as the liver from the presence of excess body fat is known as
heart and lung activities
Aerobic workouts improve?
flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and muscular endurance
Components of fitness?
adipocyte number
In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following EXCEPT: a. diet b. behavior c. physical activity d. adipocyte number
Diet, behavior and physical activity
In the quest to achieve a desirable body weight, what three factors do we control?
3.5 hours per week
Moderate to intense physical activity?
Zygote
Newly fertilized egg
hypertrophic obesity
Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed
Attaches the fetus to the uterine wall, provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, and transfers waste products to mother's blood
What are two functions of the placenta?
Anacephaly
brain either missing or fails to develop
true
The following are classified as strength fitness activities: pilates, pullups, and pushups.
remove triglycerides from blood for storage
The major function of lipoprotein lipase is to
placenta
The organ from which the infant receives nourishment?
Belly button
What connects the umbilical cord to the fetus?
A genetic disorder resulting in obesity
What is Prader-Willi syndrome?
bone fragility
Which of the following is NOT among the components of fitness? a. Strength b. Flexibility c. Bone fragility d. Cardiovascular endurance
It stimulates appetite and energy storage
Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?
folate
reduces the risk of neural tube defects
late childhood and puberty
Fat cell number increases most readily in?
increase in the number of fat cells
Hyperplastic obesity is related to a(n)
Fetal programming
Mother's nutrition may change gene expression in fetus affecting the child's development of diseases later in life.
the lost of muscle and strength
What is muscle atrophy?
the muscle increases in size
What is muscle hypertrophy?
loss of muscle mass and strength
What is sarcopenia?
alpha-lactalbumin
What is the chief protein in human breast milk?
over 85 years
What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?
Fat cell number increases most readily in late childhood and early puberty
What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity?
Fat cells number increases most readily in late childhood and early puberty
What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity?
uterus
What organ functions to prepare the mother's breasts for lactation?
brain
What organ in the infant uses more than half of the day's total energy intake?
amniotic sac
What organ of the pregnant woman is central to the exchange of nutrients for waste products with the fetus?
13%
What percentage of U.S. adults lives a completely sedentary lifestyle?
Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight
Which of the following defines the body's set point?
reduced bone density
Which of the following is generally NOT associated with a regular program of physical fitness? a. Reduced bone density b. Lower blood pressure c. Fall in resting pulse rate d. Diminished blood cholesterol
Lipoprotein synthetase
Which of the following is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes?
1/8
Approximately what fraction of the U.S. population is at least 65 years old?
the brain and the central nervous system
During fetal development what forms first?
brain and spinal cord
The neural tube develops into the
