Nutrition Unit 1 Homework
Which of the following are examples are examples of life-threatening and chronic diseases that result from a poor diet?
Heart disease, diabetes, stroke
Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Lipid
_______________ prevent cell damage and destruction, which is a factor in reducing risk for heart disease and certain cancers
Phytochemicals
The most natural and economical way to obtain nutrients and phytochemicals is to base your diet in a ____________ of whole foods
Variety
Regulation of body processes, including cell metabolism
Vitamins
Which statement is true when comparing nutrient composition in the bodies of men and women?
Women have less water and protein and more fat
How many kilocalories are in one gram of protein?
4
How many kilocalories are in one gram of fat?
9
What occurs when a nutrient is missing from the diet?
A deficiency disease will occur
Stimulant effects
Caffeine
Major role is to provide energy
Carbohydrates
May kill certain microbes
Saponins
A disease that can be cured by eating a specific nutrient is:
a nutrient deficiency disease
Food-borne illnesses can be caused by:
bacteria
Examples of non nutrients include:
caffeine, alcohol, and phytochemicals
Populations at risk for malnutrition include those with ____________
drug or alcohol addictions, low income, and eating disorders
In general, because they are concentrated sources of energy, high fat foods are ____________ ___________
energy dense
The energy value of a food in relation to its weight is called:
energy density
A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called an _________________ nutrient
essential
Risk factors that contribute to health problems include:
family history, age, and environment
What diseases are considered chronic?
heart disease, cancer, and diabetes
A person can individualize their diet according to their:
lifestyle, budget, and food preferences
energy source
lipids
A _______________ is needed in very small amounts by the body to function properly
micronutrient
regulation of fluid balance
minerals
Which factors are most likely to influence food choices?
mood, peers, religious beliefs, income, and current health state
Most foods contain mixtures of:
nutrients
Our body needs ____________, found in foods, to function properly
nutrients
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are called macronutrients because
our body needs them in large amounts on a daily basis
Processing treatments that can make foods safer and more convenient to eat include:
peeling, and heating
You can develop health problems by:
taking high doses of dietary supplements
true or false: Not all food processing harms a food, in fact some processes makes a food safer an more convenient to eat
true
Empty-calorie foods supply most of their calories from:
unhealthy fats, added sugar, and alcohol
regulation of body temperature
water
Which nutrient provides energy to cells?
Carbohydrates
Vitamins, mineral, water, and glucose are all examples of:
Essential nutrients
A dietary supplement is a product that contains:
Vitamins, amino acids and minerals
Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
Water
considered the most essential nutrient
Water
nutrient for temperature regulation
Water
Lifestyle choices include:
physical activity habits, dietary choices, alcohol use
When compared to plant food, nutrient supplements don't contain a wide variety of:
phytochemicals
How may kilocalories are in one gram of carbohydrates?
4
you usual pattern of food choices
Diet
The state that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is called ______________
Malnutrition
responsible for cellular development, growth, and maintenance
Protein
The leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States is __________
Smoking
What is the leading cause (risk factor) of preventable death in North America?
Smoking
Nutrient toxicity may result from ____________
Taking high doses of dietary supplements
True or false: a kilocalorie is equal to 1000 calories
True
Reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
Alpha-carotene
Which of the following are the top two leading causes of death in the US?
Cancer and heart disease
Organic nutrients include:
Carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all what?
Classes of nutrients
Choose the situations when it would be appropriate for people to take specific nutrient supplements
Digestive disorders that interfere with nutrient absorption, older adults who may need higher amounts of a nutrient that what is found in food, and chronically ill patients
What lifestyle choices would be effective in increasing your chances of living a long life?
Exercising regularly, consuming fruits and vegetables
What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and overnutrition?
Malnutrition
The sum of all the chemical reactions that provide energy for the body to perform work is termed:
Metabolism
What is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits?
Phytochemical
A personal characteristic that increases a person's chances of developing a disease is called what?
Risk Factor
How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?
Seven
The amount of energy in foods is reported as:
calories and kilocalories
To get all the essential nutrients from a diet, one should:
choose a variety of foods
Dietary moderation can be achieved by:
choosing nutrient-dense foods, and limiting serving sizes
Antioxidant effects, may inhibit cancer growth
Quercetin
