Nutrition: Vitamins and Minerals
Beriberi
Thiamin
Night Blindness
Vitamin A
Pernicious anemia
Vitamin B-12
Vitamin supplements are sometimes used by the general public for preventive and/or therapeutic purposes. Of the following medicinal uses of vitamin megadoses, which is the only one for which scientific research indicates there is some benefit?
Vitamin C to lessen signs and symptoms of the common cold
Osteomalacia
Vitamin D
Rickets
Vitamin D
Vitamins
are organic molecules.
Vitamin K
assists with blood clotting
Vitamin E
donates electrons to neutralize free radicals
Which of the following practices may reduce your risk of cancer?
eating fruits and vegetables
To reduce the likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects, women of childbearing age should obtain adequate
folate
Megadoses of vitamins
may be toxic.
Major food sources of vitamin B-12 include
meat and milk products
Diets that lack niacin can lead to
pellagra
Children who lack vitamin D can develop
rickets
The primary source of sodium in the typical American's diet is
salt
The vitamin content of a vegetable can be affected by
soil composition, the vegetable's maturity when harvested, and sunlight exposure
People who are unable to absorb fat are likely to develop a ______ deficiency.
vitamin A
Lack of vitamin ______ causes scurvy.
C
Laura lives in a community that does not have fluoridated water. Which of the following actions can Laura take to boost her fluoride intake?
Drink tea
Vitamin B-6
Important for hemoglobin synthesis
Vitamin A
Important for vision
Which of the following statements is false?
In the United States, milk is usually fortified with iodide
Which nutrient is not technically classified as a vitamin, but is referred to as "vitamin-like"?
Choline
Food preparation and storage methods may result in considerable losses of minerals in foods. Select all of the statements that apply to food handling methods that can result in such losses.
Cooking in large amounts of water results in minerals leaching into the water
Vitamin D
Increases calcium and phosphorus deposition in bones
Pellagra
Niacin
Some dietary fat helps the body absorb fat-soluble nutrients, including the provitamin beta-carotene. Most fruits and vegetables that are good sources of beta-carotene are low in fat or fat-free. How can you enhance the body's absorption of beta-carotene when preparing low-fat foods that contain this provitamin?
You can add olive oil or margarine to vegetables after they are cooked.
Most B vitamins function as a component of
coenzymes
