OSCM Chapter 7: Manufacturing Processes

4 Basic Process Types

1) Job Shop (work center) 2) Batch Shop (manufacturing cell) 3) Assembly Line 4) Continuous Flow

Two main considerations of Process Selection

1) Variety - how much the product changes from consumer to consumer 2) Volume - of demand

Assembly Line

A process structure designed to make discrete parts moving through a set of specifically designed workstations at a controlled rate

Job Shop

A process structure suited for low-volume production of a great variety of nonstandard products. Each job may require a different set or sequence of processing steps

Batch Shop

A process structure that produces a variety of standard products at relatively low volumes.

Continuous Flow

An often automated process structure that connects raw materials into finished product in one continuous process

In __________ firms, One capability required is an engineering design that enables as much flexibility as possible in combining components, options, and modules into finished goods

Assemble to Order

There are significant advantages from moving the customer order decoupling point from finished goods to components in _________ firms

Assemble to Order

The Customer Order Decoupling Point for inventory concentrated in Work-in-Process is...

Assemble-To-Order

Dell Computers being made is an example of a _______________ Process

Assembling Process

Assembly of: - Toys - Appliances - Circuit board comments are examples of an.....

Assembly Line

_____________'s produce high volume, standardized products

Assembly Lines

A ________ could be described as a somewhat standardized Job Shop

Batch Shop

What is the relation between the equipment in a Batch Shop and a Job Shop?

Batch Shop equipment does NOT need to be as flexible as a in Job Shop

Bakeries, magazines, books, heavy equipment and electronic devices are made in...

Batch Shops

In ________, the products are produced periodically in batches to reduce the impact of setup the on equipment

Batch Shops

__________'s are employed when a business has a relatively stable line of products

Batch Shops

___________'s feature highly standardized products with no variety

Continuous Flow

- Petroleum - Steel - Sugar - Flour Are all examples of...

Continuous Flows

What is the skill level of workers in a continuous flow?

Could be low to high, depending on the complexity of the system of the expertise workers need

A primary task in an assemble to order firm is to...

Define a customer's order in terms of alternate components since these are carried in inventory

Large construction projects, one-off products, such as Formula 1 cars and custom motorcycles are examples of an ____________ firm's process

Engineer to Order

The Customer Order Decoupling Point for inventory concentrated At the Supplier is...

Engineer-to-Order

Engineer-To-Order Firm

Firm that will work with the customer to design and then make the product

Assemble-to-Order Firms

Firms that combine a number of preassembled modules to meet a customer's specification

Make-to-Order Firm

Firms that make the customer's product from raw materials, parts and components

Make to Stock Firms

Firms that serve customers from finished goods inventory

- General Purpose Equipment - High flexibility equipment - Skilled workers Are all found in a...

Job Shop

- Commercial Printing Firms - A copy center making a single copy of a term paper - Airplane manufacturers Are examples of...

Job Shops

What is the skill level of Assembly Line workers?

Low af.

Boeing's process for making commercial aircraft is an example of a _____________ firm's process

Make to Order

In _________ & ______ firms, customer order decoupling point could be in either raw materials at the manufacturing site or the supplier inventory

Make to Order Engineer to Order

The Customer Order Decoupling Point for inventory concentrated in Finished Goods is...

Make-To-Stock

The Customer Order Decoupling Point for inventory concentrated in Manufacturing Raw Materials is...

Make-to-Order

Volume

Process Selection consideration: The level of demand

Variety

Process selection consideration : How much the product changes from customer to customer.

Product-Process Matrix

Shows the relationship between process structures and product volume and variety characteristics

Assembly Lines have ______ flexibility with their equipment

Slight

According to the Product-Process Matrix, what happens as the volume increases and the product line narrows?

Specialized equipment and standardized material flows become economically feasible

What is the relation between the worker skill level in a Batch Shop and a Job Shop?

The skill level of workers does NOT need to be as high in a Batch Shop as it is in a Job Shop

Process Selection

The strategic decision of selecting which kind of production processes to use to produce a product or provide a service

Lead Time

The time needed to respond to a customer order

Customer Order Decoupling Point

Where inventory is positioned to allow entities in the supply chain to operate independently