Part 3 Quiz
20- University of California at Berkley
"The Yale of the West"- Most professors were New Englanders
15- Marietta College
(1st) Founded in Eastern Ohio by Yankees- Headed by New England-born Calvinist ministers
17- Appalachian Leaders
1st president was Andrew Jackson- He was a slaveholder, country lawyer, US Senator, and irrepressible Indian Fighter Won the vote with the support of Appalachia, Tidewater, and the Deep South
17- Borderlands Movement West
1st to move across the Appalachians, forcing their way into Native American territory Often carried out conquests on Native Americans themselves
16- Midlands Western Settlements
A collection of mutually tolerant ethnic enclaves- Served as a buffer between intolerant, communitarian morality of Yankeedom and the individualistic hedonism of Greater Appalachia
21- Southern Ethnoregional Splits
Appalachian Sections resisted secession Settled, Deep Southern regions were enthusiastically in favor of it Rich planters in Louisiana= Most ardent Unionists
15- Agreement with NY and Massachusetts
Area of present-day NY west of Seneca Lake- region is part of NY, but Mass would own the property and could sell it at a profit Result: Settlement of much of the region was directed by Boston-based land speculators, and virtually all of its' settlers from New England
16- Midlands Settlements Immigrants
Attracted a huge number directly from Germany, especially in Cincinnati
21- War for the West
Between 4 nations- Yankeedom, Deep South, Appalachians, and Midlands Yankeedom & the Deep South= the wealthiest and most nationally self-aware of the four
17- Greater Appalachia
Decidedly a rural nation- Moved as individuals or small groups- Primarily a society of herdsmen- Resented the arrogance of Tidewater and the Deep South and they resented Yankee condescension
18- Westward Expansion Tensions
Deep South did not get along with New Orleans- They had their own identity, resisted assimilation, opposed Southern secession, and voted Republican
17- Greater Appalachian Politics
Distrusted political parties and voted for whichever one appeared to advocate for ordinary individuals- Borderlander dominated regions supported the Democratic Party
18- Rise of Deep Southern power
During 1820's and 30's, Tidewater lost its' power and influence to the Deep South Expanded states under its' control from 2 to 6 Able to plow aside borderlands through its masterful control of a lucrative resource
17- Appalachian Religion
Experience many conversions after the Revolution, especially in the Southern region- frontier conditions undermined the influence and authority of the Presbyterian Church Heritage was far more emotional and spontaneous- Southern Baptists and Methodists spread
15- Midwest immigrants
First wave= Germans to the Midlands Swedes and Scandinavians= Comfortable with Yankees Catholics= Didn't appreciate Yankee educational system- Chose to live in the more tolerant multicultural Midlands or individualistic Appalachians German Protestants= At odds with Yankees
16- Midlander Zone
Foreigners, Catholics, etc found a society untroubled by diversity but skeptical of slave labor, warfare, and the cult of the individual Dominated the American Heartland
15- Chicago
Founded by Yankees, but soon took on the role of a border city
15- As nation moved toward Civil War, Yankees...
Gravitated towards Republican Party
16- Indiana's Borderlanders
Hoosiers Came from back country of Kentucky and WV Ambivalent about slavery
19- Authority action in El Norte
Hoped the newcomers would adapt to the El Norte way of life, so they banned slavery and required settlers to convert to Roman Catholicism However, that didn't happen
19- Ban on Immigration
In 1830, Mexico reversed policy and banned American immigration altogether- However, it didn't work and American Immigration actually increased
16- Germans
Insisted on entering the American melting pot collectively, on their own terms, and bearing ingredients they felt the country was lacking- Avoided assimilation Distinguished themselves by their emphasis on stable, permanent, rooted communities, where families worked the same piece of land for generations (Most lasting contribution to the culture of the midlands and American midwest)
20- Left Coast Similarities
Majority of the founders were Yankees The new Yankee "errand in the wilderness" started in the late 1820's
19- El Norte
More Individualistic, Self-Sufficient, and Commercial attitude than central Mexico- Often said to be at the forefront of Mexican reform and revolution
21- Greater Appalachia
Most ambivalent reaction to Deep Southern secession- Became strong supporters of "Popular Sovereignty"
15- After the revolution, four nations hurdled the Appalachians and spread west
New Englanders Midlanders Appalachias Deep South
21- Prior to Fort Sumter, ...
New Netherland supported the Deep South's position Midlands had been ambivalent about Southern secession (voted for Lincoln)
19- Mexican-American War
Opposition came from Yankeedom Midlanders= Pacifists Appalachians= Backed military conquest Tidewater and New Netherland= Ambivalent Deep South protested any further territorial gain, because the people weren't white
20- Left Coast Population
Originally Yankees, but a new wave of settlers from Appalachian Midwest came- So Yankees were outnumbered, but they remained in control of most civic institutions
17- Appalachian and Native American Dealings
Peaceful- Mixed races, and created a powerful elite
19- El Norte's Borders
Porous to more than goods- Waves of illegal immigrants pouring across from the north and east
15- New Englanders
Pushed West because of the shortcomings of their land
16- Midlands Politics
Resisted the Yankee-controlled political vehicle (the Republican party) Their swing to vote Lincoln end resulted in the Deep South's secession (almost immediately)
18- Sanctification of Slavery
Result of a major shift in the relative power of the Continent's two principal slave cultures- Tidewater and the Deep South Appalachia didn't join the Dixie coalition until after the Civil War
21- Lincoln's Election
SC seceded (Deep South)- Appalachians and Tidewater didn't join them
17- Greater Appalachian Culture
Spread wider and faster than the other nations- The Great Migration Deflected by power of Deep South and stopped short at the edges of the Far West
15- Illinois
State that wasn't run by Yankee officials- Midlands and Appalachian cultures were the majority
15- Yankee Culture
Stripped of its' commitment to religious orthodoxy- Result= explosion of new religions
15- New Englanders Movement
Tended to move West as communities- often led by their minister, and planted towns
19- Revolts
Texas Revolution of 1835-36 was the most successful and decisive
18- Slave Uprisings
The Citadel in Charleston was created to train the youth to suppress future slave insurrections
18- Slavery Debates and Tensions
The Deep South began asserting their racial superiority over the Yankees as well
18- Westward Expansion Stops
The Deep South was limited by climate, ecology, and its northerly rivals (By 1850) So, they then became fixated on annexed their tropical neighbors outside of the US
18- Slavery advocates
The Knights of the Golden Circle- A secretive group that the Deep South rallied around to create an even larger slave empire
15- Nations that didn't go west, they were cut off by their rivals
Tidewater and New Netherland
21- Midlands
Wanted to join the Appalachian controlled states to create a Central Confederacy that would serve as a buffer between Yankeedom and the Deep South
21- Civil War
War between two coalitions Yankeedom vs. Deep South and its satellite, Tidewater Other nations wanted to remain neutral
18- Deep Southern Politics
Went from defending slavery to celebrating it- Based on slave societies of Greece and Rome
17- Appalachian Cultural Divide
Widened between Appalachians and Yankees- and closed the one with their powerful neighbors to the South
20- First College in Western US
Willamette University
21- Center of the abolitionist movement and Union side of the Civil War
Yankeedom- Other nations just overlooked it
19- Texas as a slave state
Yankees and Midlands against Deep South, Tidewater, New Netherland, and Appalachians for
20- California
Yankees wanted to make it the "Massachusetts of the Pacific"- their Pilgrim-like journey to save California from the Barbarians aka the Forty-Niners (Gold Rush)