PATHO- EAQ quizzes

Normal Cardiac: The vessels that supply oxygen to the heart muscle are the

coronary arteries.

Musculoskeletal: Which type of fracture is common in preschool children?

greenstick

Normal Cardiac: Cardiac output is a product of stroke volume and

heart rate

Altered Cell Biology: In response to hypertension, myocardial cells in the left ventricle will adapt through the process of

hypertrophy.

Immunity: Which statement indicates a client understands transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

"I can contact HIV by participating in oral sex" "HIV is contracted by using contaminated needles" "Babies can contract HIV because of contact with maternal blood during birth"

Altered Cell Biology: The most common cause of hypoxic injury is:

ischemia.

Musculoskeletal: Which total serum calcium level stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone in a client? 8.5 mg/dL (0.47 mmol/L) 9.0 mg/dL (0.5 mmol/L) 9.5 mg/dL (0.53 mmol/L) 10.0 mg/dL (0.56 mm/L)

8.5 mg/dL (0.47 mmol/L) (hypocalcemia stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone. Normal levels ranges between 9.0 and 10.5 mg/dL)

Endocrine: Which cause of tremors, pallor, and diaphoresis would be suspected in a client with type 1 diabetes?

Aerobic exercise

Immunity: Which action describes the process of artificial active immunity?

Antibodies are made after an antigen is injected into the body

Immunity: An adolescent is taken to the emergency department of the local hospital after stepping on a nail. The nurse asks if the client has had a tetanus immunization. The adolescent responds that all immunizations are up to date. A few days later, the client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of tetanus. Which statement describes the nurse's responsibility in this situation?

Assessment by the nurse was incomplete and, as a result, the treatment was insufficient

Immunity: Which statement indicates the function of natural killer cells within the immune system?

Attack nonselectively on nonself cells, especially mutated and malignant cells

Endocrine: Which clinical finding would the nurse expect when assessing a client with hyperthyroidism?

Diarrhea, weight loss

Endocrine: The nurse would monitor a client for which manifestation indicating a thyroid storm? (thyroid storm- severe hyperthyroidism)

Increased heart rate, increased temperature

Immunity: Which clinical manifestation would the nurse associate with a client diagnosed with systemic lupis erythematosus (SLE)?

joint pain, facial rash, and pericarditis

Altered Cell Biology: Which of the following is not a component of the WBC differential?

Macrophage

Altered Cell Biology: Which of the following tissues has a limited capacity for replacement of damaged cells?

Nervous tissue

Endocrine: Which hormone regulates blood levels of calcium?

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Immunity: Which information would the nurse use to explain a positive diagnosis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection?

Positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot tests

Normal Cardiac: In the normal cardiac cycle, which of the following occurs?

The two atria contract simultaneously, whereas the two ventricles relax.

Endocrine: The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected thyroid disorder. Which diagnostic studies will be used to confirm that the thyroid disorder is autoimmune in origin?

Thyroglobulin antibody, thyroid peroxidase antibody, thyroid-stimulating antibody

Normal Cardiac: The arteries in the peripheral vasculature have less ability to stretch and recoil than the arteries of the great vessels (true or false)?

True

Normal Cardiac: Which heart valve is situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

tricuspid

Altered Cell Biology: cellular atrophy involves:

a decrease in cell size.

Immunity: Which type of immunity would a 4 year old child develop during the course of an infection with varicella?

active natural immunity

Altered Cell Biology: which can transport substances uphill against the concentration gradient?

active transport

Altered Cell Biology: Metaplasia involves the replacement of one mature cell type for

another type of cell.

Normal Cardiac: Arterial baroreceptors are located in the:

aortic arch

Immunity: Which type of immunity will clients acquire through immunizations with live or killed vaccines?

artificial active immunity

Normal Cardiac: Which does not significantly affect the heart rate?

atrioventricular valves

Endocrine: While obtaining a client's health history, which factor would the nurse identify as predisposing the client to type 2 diabetes?

being 20 pounds (9kg) overweight

Endocrine: Which physiological changes would the nurse expect to find in a client with a 20-year history of type 2 diabetes?

blurry, spotty, or hazy vision

Immunity: The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which clinical findings to this disease would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

butterfly facial rash and inflammation of the joints

Endocrine: Which responses would the nurse expect a client to exhibit as a result of decreased level of triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)?

weight gain and cold intolerance

Musculoskeletal: Which hormone is responsible for altered serum calcium concentrations?

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Musculoskeletal: Which factors contribute to development of osteoporosis in female clients?

cigarette smoking, familial predisposition, inadequate intake of dietary calcium

Altered Cell Biology: Tissue ischemia and a decrease in mitochondrial oxygenation directly result in

decreased ATP production.

Endocrine: Which assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that a client may have a hyperfunctional thyroid gland?

diarrhea and weight loss

Normal Cardiac: The heart chamber that receives blood from the pulmonary circulation is the:

left atrium.

Musculoskeletal: Which mean on the client's dietary record provides the most calcium?

lunch

Endocrine: The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an underproduction of thyroxine (T4). With which diagnosis is this associated?

myxedema (the severest form of hypothyroidism)

Immunity: Which type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child?

natural passive immunity

Endocrine: Which clinical finding is commonly associated with hyperglycemia?

polyuria (excess urination) polydipsia (excessive thirst) polyphagia

Normal Cardiac: Blood pressure is measured as the:

pressure exerted on arteries by the blood.

Endocrine: Which findings in a client may indicate potential thyrotoxic crisis?

rapid heartbeat and tremors

Immunity: Which option is an example of actively acquired specific immunity?

recovery from measles, recovery from chickenpox, immunization with love or killed vaccines

Musculoskeletal: Which individual's activities increase the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome?

software engineer

Altered Cell Biology: The sodium-potassium ion pump transports ____________ sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for two potassium ions.

three

Endocrine: Which client response is indicative of a hypoglycemic reaction?

tremors, confusion, and diaphoresis

Musculoskeletal: Which statement regarding calcitonin is correct?

its actions are opposite to that of parathyroid hormone. (calcitonin reduces serum calcium levels, whereas parathyroid hormone increases serum calcium levels)

Altered Cell Biology: Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?

Citric Acid/Kreb Cycle

Immunity: Which client's report indicates acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Client 3