Patho Mod C Quizzes

What hormone works to increase or decrease body water in response to serum osmolality being increased or decreased?

ADH

Which psychological factor contributes to obesity.

Depression

Which of the following diagnostic tests indicates a person has diabetes?

HbA1C of 6.9%

The lab test which reflects the index of blood glucose for the lifespan of red blood cells is:

Hemoglobin A1C

Which condition describes low serum sodium?

Hyponatremia

What effect does insulin have on fats?

Insulin maintains fat storage by inhibiting breakdown of stored triglycerides.

A client reports vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days. What clinical manifestation will MOST ACCURATELY indicate that the client has a fluid deficit?

Loss of body weight

The sodium-potassium pump helps transport sodium ions

Out of cells

Which electrolyte is most closely associated with EKG changes, and dysrhythmias?

Potassium

Which classification of diabetes is used when the blood glucose levels are elevated, but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes?

Prediabetes

Which type of diabetes results from an auto-immune disorder which destroys beta cells?

Type 1 DM

All of the following are associated with obesity EXCEPT? Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cardiac disease Obstructive sleep apnea Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Which of the following clinical manifestations would most closely be associated with HYPERnatremia?

Warm, flushed skin

Because cell membranes are impermeable to glucose, ___________________ facilitates the movement of glucose from the blood into the cells.

glucose transporters - mediate the movement of glucose from the blood into the cells. They are located inside the cell membrane and and wait to receive a signal from insulin-receptor binding which causes the transporter to move into the cell membrane, to facilitate glucose entry into the cell.

Epinephrine

is a counter-regulatory hormone which raises blood glucose and is responsible for the symptoms of hypoglycemia (increased heart rate, shakiness).

Gluconeogenesis

is the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

Which of the following is a symptom of hypoglycemia?

tachycardia - is a symptom of hypoglycemia, in addition to sweating, headache, hunger, anxiety, cool clammy skin, altered mental status or behavior, coma, or seizures.

Which sodium value indicates a person is experiencing hyponatremia?

130

Which of the following values represents a normal BMI?

22.5 - Underweight is BMI < 18.5 Normal BMI is 18.5-24.9 Overweight is 25.0-29.9 Obesity is 30.0-39.9 Extreme obesity is greater > 40

What is the normal fasting blood glucose level? Correct!

70-99 mg/del