Patho Quiz 1

During physical exam of the newborn, the nurse palpates the scrotal sac and only locates one testicle. Which statement about undescended testicles is most accurate? A. "The child can become infertile later in life as a result of decreased sperm count" B. "The child will need surgery to move the testes back into the scrotal sac since they rarely descent spontaneously" C. "This is more common in full-term infants when compared to premature births D. "This may be a precursor to the development of prostate cancer later in life"

A. "The child can become infertile later in life as a result of decreased sperm count"

The primary reason genital herpes has reached epidemic proportions throughout the world relates to the fact that: A. A large percentage (70%) of those infected experience no symptoms of the disease B. Lesions take a long time to incubate and the small papules are usually located inside the vagina C. The organism spreads upward to the prostate gland in males and fallopian tubes in females D. The lesions (LSILs) occur on the cervix and can be detected by a Pap test.

A. A large percentage (70%) of those infected experience no symptoms of the disease

Which of the following clients is at high risk for developing acute bacterial prostatitis? A. An elderly man diagnosed with frequent UTIs testing positive for gram negative rods B. A middle aged male with prostate hyperplasia C. A sickle-cell anemia client complaining of prolonged erection lasting less than four hours D. A fifth grade male diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis

A. An elderly man diagnosed with frequent UTIs testing positive for gram negative rods

Which of the following would be considered a structural abnormality or disease process that could cause menstrual pain known as secondary dysmenorrhea? Select all that apply. A. Endometriosis B. Rectocele C. Uterine fibroids D. Cystocele

A. Endometriosis, C. Uterine fibroids

During infertility work up, the client is diagnosed with chlamydial infection. The health care provider will especially be looking for which complication of chlamydial infections that can interfere with egg transportation? A. Fallopian tube damage B. Vaginal adhesions C. Uterine cancer D. Amenorrhea

A. Fallopian tube damage

A client is complaining to the health care provider about several vague signs/symptoms. Which of the following raises a "red flag" indicating the client may have developed endometrial cancer? A. Painless abnormal bleeding B. Difficulty emptying the bladder C. Small, atrophied ovaries D. Lumps palpated in her breasts

A. Painless abnormal bleeding

Endometriosis is characterized by painful hemorrhage lesions in the pelvis, which may develop into which of the following potential complications? A. Pelvic adhesions B. Candidiasis vaginitis C. Bladder herniation D. Endometrial cancer

A. Pelvic adhesions

Men older than age 50 are at high risk for prostate hypertrophy with complications that include: A. Urine retention B. Scrotal edema C. Hypospadias D. Testicular cancer

A. Urine retention

The physiological reasoning behind giving acyclovir, an antiviral medication, to a client diagnosed with genital herpes would include the fact that these drugs: A. Interfere with viral DNA replication, which can decrease the frequency or recurrences B. Can be obtained without a prescription and usually applied topically C. Attach the cell wall and totally destroy the virus, thus curing the client D. Will prevent the organism from developing a resistance to the treatment protocols

A.Interfere with viral DNA replication, which can decrease the frequency or recurrences

A client comes to the college campus nurse complaining of unilateral pain, swelling, and redness on his scrotal area. The nurse known these clinical manifestations are likely caused by: A. Tick bites B. Epididymis C. Syphilis D. Testicular torsion

B. Epididymis

Which of the following phenomena is thought to underlie the decreased reported incidence of some sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? A. Decreased numbers of sexual partners among young adults B. Decreased reporting of cases of certain STIs C. Increased public funding for health promotion activites D. Increased knowledge of the correct use of condoms

B. Decreased reporting of cases of certain STIs

Of the following STIs, for which STI should the nurse anticipate a prescription for antibiotics such as tetracycline or doxycycline since this infection will respond to antibiotic treatment? A. Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) B. Lymphgranuloma venereum (LGV) C. Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection (HSV-2) D. Candidiasis

B. Lymphgranuloma venereum (LGV)

Which of the following physiologic process results from the synthesis and release of testosterone? A. Protein catabolism B. Musculoskeletal growth C. Prostatic hyperplasia D. Release of luteinizing horomone

B. Musculoskeletal growth

Squamous cell cancer of the penis is characterized by which of the following clinical manifestations? A. Erectile dysfunction with prolonged erection B. Smegma accumulation in uncircumcised male requiring regular reminders about hygiene C. Herpes ulcerations on the penile shaft D. Painless lump on the inner surface of the prepuce

D. Painless lump on the inner surface of the prepuce

A 30 yr old man has been diagnosed with mumps orchitis. The nurse should educate the client that which of the following complications may occur? A.Erectile dysfunction B. Hematocele formation C. Penile atrophy D. Sterility

D. Sterility

A 21 yr old college student has sought care because of the vaginal burning, itching, and redness that have become worse in recent weeks. Which of the clinician's assessment questions is most likely to apply to a diagnosis of vaginitis? A. "Have you ever been pregnant?" B. "Have your periods been regular in the last few months" C. "Have you ever had a sexually transmitted infection?" D. "Are you using oral contraceptives?"

C. "Have you ever had a sexually transmitted infection?"

A 41 yr old male client is planning on having a vasectomy. While explaining the surgery to the client, the health care worker will include which physiologic principle as the basis for this contraception technique? A. "The rete testis becomes inhospitable to sperm." B. "Spermatozoa can no longer reach the epididymis and do not survive." C. "Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens." D. "Spermatogenesis is inhibited because sex hormones no longer stimulate the Sertoli cells."

C. "Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens."

Which of the following physiologic changes results in menopause? A. Changes in anterior pituitary function that alter ovarian hormone production B. Gradual resistance of ovarian target cells to LH and FSH stimulation C. Cessation of ovarian function and decrease estrogen levels D. Decreased levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

C. Cessation of ovarian function and decrease estrogen levels

While in its dormant state, herpes simplex virus resides and replicates in the A. local lymph nodes B. Subcutaneous tissues C. Dorsal root ganglia D. Mucous membrane

C. Dorsal root ganglia

When educating a group of teenagers about sexually transmitted infections, the school nurse also mentions that cervical cancer has been associated with which of the following viral infections? A. Chlamydia trachomatis B. Herpes simplex C. Human papilloma D. Varicella zoster

C. Human papilloma

During a visit to the health care provider, a client complains of swelling in the scrotum. The health care worker suspects a hydrocele and performs an exam by shining a light through the scrotum. If the hydrocele is dense, the health care worker should: A. Prescribe diuretics like Lasix to help remove excess fluids B. Continue to monitor the client every six months to see if there is a change in size C. Order an ultrasound or biopsy to rule out testicular cancer D. Gently try to express the fluid out of the scrotal sac

C. Order an ultrasound or biopsy to rule out testicular cancer

A client visits the OB/GYN clinic complaining of low abdominal pain, purulent cervical discharge, and painful intercourse. The health care worker diagnoses pelvic inflammatory disease. The health care worker educated the client about the fact that this disease may be associated with: A. Chronic endometriosis B. Serous luteal ovarian cysts C. Sexually transmitted infection- polymicrobial infection D. Ruptured tubal pregnancy

C. Sexually transmitted infection- polymicrobial infection

A client arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe testicular pain associated with nausea and vomiting. Their pulse rate is 120 beats per min. Physical exam reveals an enlarged testis that is painful to palpation. The nurse suspects: A. Cancer of the scrotum B. Inguinal hernia C. Testicular torsion D. Testicular aneurysm

C. Testicular torsion

Which of the following complaints by middle aged women should prompt a health care provider to assess for the possibility of ovarian cancer? A. " My periods have become quite irregular since last winter" B. " I'm having a lot of vaginal discharge lately and it's quite foul" C. " I have a sharp, stabbing pain on my side for the last few days." D. " I'm having a long of indigestion and bloating, which I've never had before"

D. " I'm having a long of indigestion and bloating, which I've never had before"

Which of the following assessment questions is most likely to address the causation of a woman's new case of candiasis? A. "Do you use condoms during sexual activity?" B. "Have you recently begun a new sexual relationship?" C. Have you noticed any new growths on your vagina in recent months?" D. "Have you been on antibiotics recently?"

D. "Have you been on antibiotics recently?"

A 59 yr old women with a recent diagnoses of breast cancer has begun a course of hormone therapy. What is the goal of this pharmacologic treatment? A. Blocking the effects of progesterone on tumor growth B. Increase serum hormone levels to promote tumor cell lysis C. Blocking the entry of malignant cells into the axillary lymph nodes D. Blocking effects of estrogen on the growth of malignant cells.

D. Blocking effects of estrogen on the growth of malignant cells.

Common risk associated with erectile dysfunction is due to generalized penile arterial insufficiency include: A. Testicular torsion B. Cryptorchidism C. Benign prostate hypertrophy D. Cigarette smoking

D. Cigarette smoking

A 17 yr old male has developed phimosis to the point that he is having difficulty voiding. The nurse should prepare the teenager for A. Injection of lidocaine into the head of the penis B. Radiation therapy to loosen the foreskin C. Traumatic retraction of the foreskin D. Circumcision

D. Circumcision

When explaining polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to a newly diagnosed client, the health care worker states. " The ovarian dysfunction is caused by: " A. Absent FSH B. Insulin deficit C. Low androgen D. Elevated LH

D. Elevated LH

Which of the following events is associated with the primary stage of syphilis? A. Development of gummas B. Palmar rash C. Development of central nervous system lesions D. Genital chancres

D. Genital chancres

A 22 yr old client has presented to her primary care provider for her scheduled Pap smear. Abnormal results of this diagnostic test may imply infection with: A. Candida albicans B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Trichomonas vaginalis D. Human papillomavirus (HPV)

D. Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Men whose sexual partners have been diagnosed with Trichomonas vaginalis will likely exhibit: A. Numerous pustules on the penal shaft B. Copious amounts of frothy discharge from the penis C. Redness and pain at the urethral meatus D. No symptoms of infection

D. No symptoms of infection

An elderly female has slowly developed dementia and loss of vision. She is being evaluated for nursing home placement. Routine admission blood work reveals that the client tested positive for which STI associated with her current symptoms? A. Human papillomavirus symptoms B. Chlamydia C. Gonorrhea D. Tertiary syphilis

D. Tertiary syphilis

Which of the following clinical manifestations is most likely to accompany a diagnosis of vulvodynia? A. Purulent discharge B. Open lesions on the surface of the vulva C. Urinary incontinence D. Vulvar Pain

D. Vulvar Pain