perfusion Exemplar 16.B Congenital Heart Defects
During what period of gestation do congenital heart defects usually develop? A) First 8 weeks of gestation B) Second trimester C) Third trimester D) Last 4 weeks of gestation
A
The mother of a baby born with a congenital heart defect is upset, as no one else in the family has been born with this condition. To determine the cause of the defect, which question is appropriate for the nurse to ask the mother? A) "Did you consume any alcohol before you knew you were pregnant?" B) "Is there a history of diabetes in your family?" C) "Was the baby's father exposed to any toxins in the work environment?" D) "Do you have a history of hypertension?"
A
The nurse is caring for a premature infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? A) Indomethacin B) Propranolol C) Antibiotics D) Prostaglandin E1
A
The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The client has recently been scheduled for surgery to repair the defect. Which procedure does the nurse anticipate needing to provide client teaching about to the client's family? A) Norwood procedure B) Jatene procedure C) Rastelli procedure D) Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure
A
The nurse is planning care for a pediatric client recovering from surgery to repair a congenital heart defect. Which intervention should the nurse include to support the client's fluid status? A) Encourage oral intake of fluids when permitted. B) Limit oral and intravenous intake of fluids. C) Continue normal saline administration even after oral intake is normal. D) Convert the intravenous line to a saline lock immediately after surgery.
A
The nurse is assessing a toddler diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate during the physical assessment? Select all that apply. A) Palpable thrill in the pulmonic area B) Nail clubbing C) Cough D) Apneic periods E) Knee-chest position
ABE
A baby will be having surgery to correct a congenital heart defect. On which topic should the parents be instructed regarding the care of the child before surgery? A) Restricting immunizations until after the surgery B) Preventing exposure to infection C) Implementing no particular precautions D) Restricting fluids for a week before the surgery
B
The nurse is caring for an adult client who was diagnosed with a congenital heart defect as a child, which was later repaired with surgery. Which common complication of a heart defect should the nurse monitor that the client may still be at risk for? A) Deep vein thrombosis B) Endocarditis C) Atherosclerosis D) Shock
B
The nurse provides discharge instructions to the parents of a child recovering from surgery to repair a congenital heart defect. What statement indicates that teaching has been effective? A) "Our child should be restricted in play and activity for at least 6 months." B) "Our child will need to take antibiotics prior to having dental surgery." C) "Fluids should be restricted to maximize lung function." D) "Our child should not return to normal activities for at least 2 years."
B
Which best describes how congenital defects are categorized? A) By the severity of defect B) By the pathophysiology and hemodynamics of defect C) By the location of defect D) By the infant's age when the defect was diagnosed
B
The nurse is analyzing data collected after assessing a child with a congenital heart defect that decreases pulmonary blood flow. Which nursing diagnosis would be applicable for this client? A) Acute Pain B) Ineffective Breathing Pattern C) Decreased Cardiac Output D) Excess Fluid Volume
C
The nurse is caring for a child who has just been diagnosed with an atrial septal defect (ASD). Which manifestations would the nurse expect upon assessment? Select all that apply. A) Pulmonary artery hypotension B) Midsystolic murmur at lower right sternal border C) Mitral valve regurgitation with cleft on mitral valve D) S1 heart tone may be split due to forceful left ventricular contraction E) Congestive heart failure
CE
The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman with congenital heart disease. The woman asks if she will be able to have a vaginal delivery. Which answer by the nurse is correct? A) A Cesarean section is preferred because you will lose less blood than with a vaginal birth. B) A Cesarean section is preferred because there is a lower risk of infection than with a vaginal birth. C) A vaginal birth is preferred over a Cesarean section for women who have aortic stenosis. D) A vaginal birth is preferred because there is a lower risk of thrombophlebitis than with a Cesarean section.
D
The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child born with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching regarding this defect? A) "Increased pulmonary blood flow causes symptoms with this disease." B) "This disease consists of pulmonic stenosis, left ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta." C) "Your child has a decreased amount of red blood cells because of this disease." D) "This disease consists of pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta."
D
