Perio Chapter's 12, 13, 14, 15, 16

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The most common oral site for donor tissue for free gingival graft procedures is the a) palate b) tongue c) lingual mucosa d) fresh extraction site

a) palate

Probing depth is equal to clinical attachment loss a) true b) false

b) false

The physiologically necessary area (usually 1-2 mm) of connective tissue attachment covered by epithelium between the base of the sulcus or pocket and the alveolar bone is called a) one-wall defect b) mucogingival defect c) biologic width d) suprabony pocket

c) biologic width

The types of toothbrushes that have been shown to have slightly better plaque biofilm removing ability by the Cochrane analysis is a) rotating mechanical brushes b) oscillating mechanical brushes c) manual toothbrushes using the bass technique d) oscillating and rotating mechanical toothbrushes

d) oscillating and rotating mechanical toothbrushes

The type of periodontal surgery in which the periodontist shapes the alveolar bone with chisels or burs to remove bony defects are called procedures for a) creation of new attachment b) access to the root surface c) pocket reduction or elimination d) treatment of osseous defects e) correction of mucogingival defects

d) treatment of osseous defects

The term for periodontal bone graft that is made from bovine or porcine bone material is a) allograft b) allplast c) autograft d) xenograft

d) xenograft

The usual strength for daily home use is _________________% stannous fluoride delivered in gel or tooth-paste form.

0.4

Grafting of subepithelial connective tissue has become the procedure of choice when ___________ coverage is the objective of mucogingival surgery

Root

Complete the following sentence: When the soft tissue which lines the pocket is surrounded by three walls of bone, the defect is described as a ____________wall defect.

Three

Match each of the following techniques with their individual descriptions. Question a) This technique is the simplest. Bristles are placed o the teeth and moved back and forth. This technique does not focus on cleaning the gingival margin. b) Bristles are directed coronally at a 45-degree angle to the long axis of the tooth. Bristles are repeatedly pressed against the gingival margin and then lifted away. The focus of this technique is to massage the tissue and to increase blood flow. c) Bristles are directed apically but not at a right angle to the gingiva. Pressure is applied to flex the bristles and blanch the tissues. d) Bristles are directed apically at a 45-degree angle to the long axis of the tooth, using short vibratory strokes. The focus of this technique is on sulcular cleaning.

a) Scrub technique b) charter technique c) stillman technique d) bass technique

The goal of periodontal flap procedures is a) access to root surface b) guided tissue regeneration c) improvement of osseous defects d) pocket reduction by apical repositioning

a) access to root surface

For each numbered bone graft below, match the most closely linked definition a) bone that comes from the patients own body b) synthetic bone c) bone that comes from another person d) bone that comes from another species

a) autograft b) alloplast c) allograft d) xenograft

Irrigation is a useful component of home care for the periodontal patient. Bacteremia has been shown to be associated with oral irrigation. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true the second is false d) the first statement is false the second is true

a) both statements are true

Periodontal debridement is an effective therapy consisting of the removal of local irritants. It results in decreased probing depths and increased clinical attachment particularly in deeper pockets. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true and the second is false d) the first statement is false and the second is true

a) both statements are true

Stannous fluoride alters bacterial cell metabolism and cell adhesion properties. Stannous fluoride reacts with tooth surfaces for caries prevention. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true, the second is false d) the first statement is false, the second is true

a) both statements are true

The dental hygienist plays an important role in developing a customized homecare regimen for patients with periodontal disease. The use of positive reinforcement and establishing rapport over time with the patient enhance this role. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true the second is false d) the first statement is false the second is true

a) both statements are true

The dental hygienist transfers the critical elements of education, reinforcement, and periodontal maintenance to the patient. Often, multiple sessions are needed to master the recommended techniques. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true the second is false d) the first statement is false the second is true

a) both statements are true

The most common occuring periodontal disease requiring nonsurgical periodontal therapy is a) chronic periodontitis b) recurrent periodontitis c) aggressive periodontitis d) periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases

a) chronic periodontitis

The tissue that heals most quickly after periodontal surgery is the a) epithelium b) alveolar bone c) connective tissue d) periodontal ligament

a) epithelium

Familial gingival hyperplasia and localized crown lengthening for restorative dentistry are indications of which type periodontal surgical procedure? a) excisional periodontal surgery b) incisional periodontal surgery c) access flap procedure d) osseous surgery

a) excisional periodontal surgery

The presence of deep periodontal pockets with thick, fibrous tissue is the major indication for which type of periodontal surgery? a) excisional periodontal surgery b) incisional periodontal surgery c) access flap procedures d) osseous surgery

a) excisional periodontal surgery

The following forms of periodontal surgery are examples of incisional periodontal surgery except which one? a) gingivoplasty b) regenerative surgery c) mucogingival surgery d) pocket reduction surgery

a) gingivoplasty

Classification of periodontal surgical procedures include all of the following a) procedures for pocket reduction or elimination b) procedures for new attachment c) procedures for correcting mucogingival defects d) procedures for treatment of osseous defects e) procedures for access to root surfaces

a) procedures for pocket reduction or elimination b) procedures for new attachment c) procedures for correcting mucogingival defects d) procedures for treatment of osseous defects e) procedures for access to root surfaces

Supragingival oral irrigation a) reduces gingivitis and helps clean interproximally b) reduces plaque biofilm but does not reduce gingivitis c) should be a component of every personal plaque control regimen d) is only useful for in-office procedures after scaling and root-planing

a) reduces gingivitis and helps clean interproximally

Guided tissue regeneration is most predictable in which surgical situation? a) regeneration efforts in the infrabony pockets b) regeneration efforts in the suprabony pockets c) attempts to create long junctional epithelium d) regeneration efforts in the mucogingival surgical sites e) attempts to create new attached keratinized gingiva

a) regeneration efforts in the infrabony pockets

Current research suggests that the purpose of root planing is to a) remove all plaque, plaque retentive materials and endotoxins from the root surface with minimal damage b) remove only the plaque from the root surface c) create a glassy, smooth root surface d) create a smooth surface for the reattachment of connective tissue

a) remove all plaque, plaque retentive materials and endotoxins from the root surface with minimal damage

Osseous surgery can achieve the following results except which one? a) reverse bony architecture b) correction of infrabony defects c) improved alveolar bone contour d) removal of supporting alveolar bone

a) reverse bony architecture

You have completed a two-session scaling and root planing treatment for Mr. Charles and are discussing with him the periodontal maintenance phase of his care. His periodontal condition has healed and he now presents with 2 to 3 mm probing depths throughout his dentition and 1 to 2mm of recession on all surfaces of his teeth. Mr. Charles has responded well to treatment and has learned to use interproximal brushes along with using a toothbrush and dental floss. He is very concerned that his periodontal disease will cause him to lose his teeth, as happened to several of his family members. You should be concerned about the generalized recession and exposed root surfaces because Mr. Charles may be at risk for a) root caries b) food impaction areas c) recurrent periodontal disease

a) root caries

Regenerative periodontal surgical procedures a) selectively encourage the growth of cells of the attachment apparatus b) selectively discourage the growth of cells of the attachment apparatus c) selectively encourage the growth of cells of the epithelium of the closely approximated flaps d) selectively discourage the growth of cells of the epithelium on the surface of the excisional wound

a) selectively encourage the growth of cells of the attachment apparatus

From our lecture on Tuesday. Which of the following can happen in a patient with refractory periodontitis? a) there can be rapid loss of attachment even after intensive therapy b) it will occur at only one tooth c) it is caused by P. gingivalis d) systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus decrease the patients chances for refractory periodontitis e) it occurs from poor plaque control

a) there can be rapid loss of attachment even after intensive therapy

The key to long-term success nonsurgical therapy is patient plaque biofilm control a) true b) false

a) true

The term nonsurgical periodontal therapy is used synonymously with periodontal debridment and the traditional of scaling and root planing. a) true b) false

a) true

The value of a tooth is a significant consideration when determining the need for periodontal surgery a) true b) false

a) true

All of the following are true in regards to biofilm except which one? a) unique to the dental environment b) attaches to surfaces c) embedded in an extracellular slime layer d) well-organized community of bacteria

a) unique to the dental environment

The sonic power scaling devices that have been shown to be as effective as hand-scaling operate in the range of a) 600-1000 hertz b) 3000-8000 hertz c) 9000-40,000 hertz d) 20,000-40,000 hertz

b) 3000-8000 hertz

Substantivity is defined as a) ability to stablilize the shelf life of the product b) ability to adhere to structures in the oral cavity c) ability to alter cell metabolism and transport activities d) none of the above

b) ability to adhere to structures in the oral cavity

The type of periodontal bone grafting created from synthetic bone minerals is/an a) allograft b) alloplast c) autograft d) xenograft

b) alloplast

Oral irrigators can cause systemic bacteria. Patients who require antibiotic premedication for dental treatment should avoid these homecare devices. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true the second is false d) the first statement is false the second is true

b) both statements are false

Which of the following agents has been shown to have a side effect of tooth staining? a) sanguinarine b) chlorhexidine c) hydrogen peroxide d) phenolic compound

b) chlorhexidine

Root smoothness achieves all of the following except which one? a) sooths irritating tissues b) delays tissue attachment c) enhances self-cleansing d) promotes healing e) retards plaque formation

b) delays tissue attachment

The term for removal of the inflamed soft tissue wall lining the periodontal pocket is a) root planing b) gingival curettage c) selective polish d) subgingival curettage

b) gingival curettage

Dental plaque biofilm is altered after periodontal debridment to become more a) gram neutral b) gram positive c) gram negative d) populated by motile forms

b) gram positive

The types of periodontal surgery that increase the predictability of growth of new tissues of the periodontal structures are called procedures for a) access the root surface b) guided tissue regeneration c) treatment of osseous defects d) pocket reduction or elimination e) correction of mucogingival defects

b) guided tissue regeneration

Which type of periodontal surgery is used to promote new attachment of cementum periodontal ligament and bone? a) gingivoplasty b) guided tissue regeneration c) osseous resection d) bone grafting e) mucogingival surgery

b) guided tissue regeneration

The primary reason tissue regeneration is performed is to address a) recession b) infrabony defects c) suprabony defects d) collagen deficiencies e) hereditary hyperplasia

b) infrabony defects

The modified widman flap a) is a type of excisional surgery b) is used to gain access to correct infrabony defects c) provide access to correct infrabony defects d) may increase the amount of keratinized gingiva

b) is used to gain access to correct infrabony defects

All of the following are results of pocket reduction surgery except which one? a) recession of gingival margin b) less frequent dental hygiene care c) easier patient plaque biofilm control d) temporary increases in mobility of teeth e) more accessible surfaces for dental hygiene care

b) less frequent dental hygiene care

Understanding plaque growth as a biofilm emphasizes the importance of a) chemical plaque control b) mechanical plaque control c) subgingival irrigation with chemical agents d) supragingival irrigation with chemical agents

b) mechanical plaque control

In the first few days after periodontal surgery, the dental hygienist is likely to see all of the following clinical signs or symptoms in the periodontal patient except a) mobility b) new caries c) root sensitivity d) larger spaces between the teeth

b) new caries

Which of the following procedures is defined as the removal of alveolar bone with the supporting periodontal ligament fibers? a) osteoplasty b) osteoectomy c) gingivectomy d) gingivoplasty

b) osteoectomy

Convenient inexpensive devices that are used in interdental plaque biofilm removal, consisting of a conical piece of firm rubber or plastic that is placed proximally on the gingiva and worked in a small circular motion a) proxy brush b) rubber tip stimulator c) oral irrigator d) toothbrush

b) rubber tip stimulator

All of the following statements are true regarding periodontal sutures except which one? a) suture materials may be resorbable b) sutures remain in place until healing is complete c) suture materials can promote plaque biofilm accumulation d) the location and number of sutures must be documented in the chart e) sutures are usually tied from the buccal surfaces for less traumatic removal

b) sutures remain in place until healing is complete

Which of the following best describes the progress of surgical wound healing at the 1-week postoperative visit? a) the wound is completely healed b) the wound has completely re-epithelialized c) the wound has complete bone regeneration d) the wound has complete connective tissue regeneration

b) the wound has completely re-epithelialized

Patients frequently report which side effect after periodontal surgery? a) no discomfort b) tooth sensitivity c) flap displacement d) swelling and infection e) pleasant taste sensation

b) tooth sensitivity

Periodontal dressing should be removed __________ days after surgery a) 4 b) 6 c) 7 d) 14

c) 7

You have completed a two-session scaling and root planing treatment for Mr. Charles and are discussing with him the periodontal maintenance phase of his care. His periodontal condition has healed and he now presents with 2 to 3 mm probing depths throughout his dentition and 1 to 2mm of recession on all surfaces of his teeth. Mr. Charles has responded well to treatment and has learned to use interproximal brushes along with using a toothbrush and dental floss. He is very concerned that his periodontal disease will cause him to lose his teeth, as happened to several of his family members. Your discussion with Mr. Charles should include which of the following pieces of information? a) daily plaque control is not as critical as regular visits for maintenance care. b) maintaining teeth is related more to genetic disposition than daily plaque control c) daily plaque control is associated with better results for periodontal treatment d) daily plaque control is not associated with better results for periodontal treatment

c) daily plaque control is associated with better results for periodontal treatment

Gingivectomy may be surgical treatment of choice when the patient has a) infrabony pockets b) sensitivity to cold temperatures c) drug-induced gingival hyperplasia d) limited amount of attached keratinized gingiva

c) drug-induced gingival hyperplasia

Mucogingival surgery may be performed to treat which one of the following conditions? a) infrabony pockets b) suprabony pockets c) exposed root surfaces d) poor home care procedures e) deep pockets on the distal surfaces of molars

c) exposed root surfaces

The function of the periodontal dressing placed after periodontal surgery is to a) facilitate plaque biofilm control b) attach firmly to the teeth and gingiva c) provide protection to the surgical site d) provide hemostasis from the surgical site

c) provide protection to the surgical site

You have completed a two-session scaling and root planing treatment for Mr. Charles and are discussing with him the periodontal maintenance phase of his care. His periodontal condition has healed and he now presents with 2 to 3 mm probing depths throughout his dentition and 1 to 2mm of recession on all surfaces of his teeth. Mr. Charles has responded well to treatment and has learned to use interproximal brushes along with using a toothbrush and dental floss. He is very concerned that his periodontal disease will cause him to lose his teeth, as happened to several of his family members. The added benefit of using interproximal brushes is a) providing Mr. Charles with enough oral hygiene tools b) helping Mr. Charles move away from using dental floss c) researching into root concavities where floss cannot disrupt the plaque biofilm d) making sure Mr. Charles spends enough time on his plaque biofilm routine

c) researching into root concavities where floss cannot disrupt the plaque biofilm

The treatment procedure designed to remove cementum or surface dentin that is rough, impregnanted with calculus, or contaminated with toxins or microorganisms is called: a) hand scaling b) powered scaling c) root planing d) gingival curettage

c) root planing

Air powder polishing works by the application of a mechanical abrasion slurry of a) calcium and phosphorus b) potassium nitrate c) sodium bicarbonate and water d) pyrophosphate slurry

c) sodium bicarbonate and water

A mouthrinse containing 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate would be considered a bactericidal mouthwash. Triclosan is a common phenolic compound found in mouth rinses that are available in the United States. a) both statements are true b) both statements are false c) the first statement is true the second is false d) the first statement is false the second is true