Personal Survival Techniques
what frequency does the EPIRB transmit messages? and on what satellite system?
Transmit it's message on 406.025 MHZ (radio frequency ) to "COSPASS/SARSAT" SATELLITE SYSTEMS
how will the SART inform you that it has been hit by a radar?
sound and light signal
what is the man overboard procedure?
1. Call out to the bridge - "man overboard" and always state WHICH SIDE THE PERSON FELL! 2. Throw life rings, buoys, anything which will float to mark the spot, make it easier to find 3. Continue to point at the person so no one looses sight of the person
on what frequency does the EPIRB transmit for rescuers to home in on and used on civilian aircraft?
121.5 MHZ
how many Hand Held Survival Craft Radios are required on a VESSELS OVER 500 TONS?
3
what mile radius does the EPIRB locate?
3 miles
what cm signal radar can activate a SART?
3cm
how many miles are hand held parachute flares visible from?
40 miles
how many miles are hand held flares visible from?
5 miles
how many miles is floating smoke visible from?
5 miles
what channel must a hand held survival craft radio receive/transmit on?
CH16 (156.8 MHz) AND CH 6
Davit Launched Life Raft
Canister is picked up UNINFLATED by the davit and swung over the side, While suspended, sea painter is pulled and canister is inflated, Frapping lines are used to hold liferaft close to ship while people board
what are some types of emergency situations?
Collision, Grounding, Loss of stability, Fire, Hull failure, Flooding or sinking, Machinery failure, Foundering, Weather-related emergencies
Escape Slides and Sleeves
Designed to evacuate large numbers of people quickly. Found mostly on passenger ships and ferries. Designed to provide egress to liferafts
what are the main dangers to survivors?
Drowning, Hypothermia, Conflict resolution, Dehydration, Starvation, Exposure, Marine life
what does EPIRB stand for?
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
what actions should be taken aboard a survival craft at sea to enhance chances of survival?
Establish a chain of command and assign tasks, such as: lookout, signaling/pyrotechnics, radio operator, rationing and supplies, craft maintenance, medical person
what are the special features for lifeboats on tank ships?
Fire Retardant Material, Water Spray System, Positive Air Pressure System (10 Min. Compressed Air)
what should you do when you hear the abandon ship signal?
Grab your PFD, Put on Hat, Wear Warm Clothing, Proceed to your muster station
type 1: offshore life jacket
Greatest Flotation, Turns Victims Upright with head is out of the water
what are the means of rescue life raft?
Intended for transfer of people from the water to the deck in an emergency
what does it mean when a SART is "passive"?
It does nothing until a radar signal hits it
what actions should be taken by an individual in the water?
Jump in feet first to protect the head Swim away from the ship, but remain in the immediate vicinity Stay clear of dangers in the water Locate survival craft or others in the water nearby Attract attention Conserve energy and the effects of loss of body heat Assume the Heat Escape Lessening Posture (HELP) Huddle together to preserve body heat, provides a bigger search target, and to improves moral and the "will to live"
what are some types of lifesaving appliances?
Lifejackets, Ring Buoys, Water Lights, Lifeboat, Life Raft, or Rescue Boat, Immersion Suit, Thermal Protective Aid (TPA), Search and Rescue Transponder (SART), Emergency Position Indicator Radio Beacon (EPIRB), Emergency Lifeboat Radio, Other Emergency Signaling Devices
what is the abandon ship signal?
More than 6 (at least 7) short blasts, followed by one long, on the ships whistle and general alarm
type 2: near shore buoyant vest
Not As Effective Turning Over Survivors, Less Bulky Than Type I
what are the two primary functions of a fast rescue boat (FRB)?
Pick up man overboard and Gather Liferafts
what are high priority actions to be conducted while on a survival craft?
Post a lookout, Keep raft dry, Inflate the floor, Deploy the SART, Ready the distress signals, Check that sea-anchor is deployed, Activate the EPIRB
what is some PPE that should be used in an emergency?
Proper head cover, Extra layers of clothing, long sleeves, Woolen or insulating clothing, Immersion suits, Lifejackets, Thermal-protective aids, EPIRBs & SARTs, If time permits, bring extra food and water, Eye glasses & medications too
conventional open lifeboat
Provide little protection from the elements, Waves can break into the boat, not over the boat, Self-propelled boats (non-motorized) - only good for short distances, Not self-righting, Must be lowered to the embarkation deck to load the boat
PFDs must have what features?
Retro Reflective Tape, Attached sound making device such as a whistle, A light for attracting attention, Be stowed in readily accessible locations
what are the actions to be taken when required to abandon ship via life raft?
Safely deploy life rafts manually Uses disembarkation ladder to board survival craft Activate the EPIRB The first person getting to the raft should turn the raft right side up if inverted
what are the actions to be taken when required to abandon ship via lifeboat?
Safely load/board the survival craft Safely lower survival craft to the water Activate the EPIRB
what actions should be taken when the survival craft is in the water?
Safely release the survival craft, Safely recover personnel from the vessel and water, Safely maneuver the survival craft away from the vessel
what does SART stand for?
Search and Rescue Transponder
what should your response be to an Abandon Ship Signal?
Secure your workspace Muster at designated station Don a PFD or Immersion Suit and other equipment as may be required Carry out duties as assigned on Station Bill
Float Free Life Rafts
The "strap" which holds a life raft down is connected to the ship by a hydrostatic release. This device cuts the connection about 15 feet under the water. If the ship sinks, the water pressure will, within 4 meters (15 ft), activate the sharp knife which cuts the strong rope and the life raft will float free. As the ship sinks, the life raft painter line will be stretched and the life raft starts to inflate. Red "weak link" breaks and survivors can board the inflated liferaft
free fall lifeboats
The lifeboat system can withstand high winds, powerful waves and extreme weather conditions • The boats can be fitted with a water spray and compressed air system for protection against fire
where are personal lifesaving appliances located?
bow, bridge, engine room, individual rooms, embarkation deck, lockers, survival craft
all lifeboats must have engines that....
capable of running at 6 knots for 24 hours
inflatable life rafts
come in all shapes and sizes, hand launched, hydrostatic release, davit launched, must be serviced annually by an authorized dealer, don't provide the same level of protection as lifeboats, can be repaired with plugs, patches and clamps found in service pack
thermal protective aids
compact foil-lined bag for reflecting-in body heat in an emergency
what type of ship has free fall lifeboats?
container
hybrid inflatable devices
equal to type 1, 2 or 3
category 2 EPIRB
manually deployed, intended for recreational and lifeboat/liferaft use
what can you associate a SART with?
radar reflector
type 5: special use device
this category includes work vests, boardsailing suits, etc. made for specific activities
type 4: throwable device
thrown to persons in the water, not for unconscious victims, not for extended periods
when should you launch flares?
when you have reason to believe that someone will see them
type 3: flotation aid (vests/coat)
will not support head, not for extended survival
