Pharm Final

A patient takes a central nervous system (CNS) depressant and an antihistamine with similar effects. What can result

Additive effects characteristic of drug overdose

Which one of the H 1 antagonist is less likley to cause sedation

Claritin (loratadine)

The 2 opiods most often used to supress cough are

Codeine and hydrocodone

When calling the physician with the culture report what information do you need to have ready?

Culture report, Patient Allergies, Current assessment of patient, (all of the above)

For what reason may the physician change a client on an antihistamine to Claritin

Does not cause drowsiness

When giving antibiotics IV

GIve them over the recommended time

The nurse is concerned about the client's loss of fluids and electrolytes because of diarrhea. The best dietary recommendation that the nurse can give is for the client's diet to include which foods or drinks?

Gatorade or Pedialyte

Classic antihistamines are classified as what?

H 1 antagonist

The principle response to H2 receptor stimulation is secretion of

Histamine in the GI tract

S.J is coughing up yellow mucous. The physician has ordered a medicine containing dextromethorpan? What is your best action

Inform the physician that S.J.s cough is now productive

The trough level of a drug is taken

Just before the next scheduled dose

The client tells the nurse that he has been taking Neo-Synephrine for the past month. What is the nurse's highest priority response to the client?

Neo-Synephrine should not be taken for longer than 3 to 5 days.

A 21 year old male patient is admitted to ICU with a fractures femur, sternum, and head injury from a motorcycle accident. He is placed on a ventilator after showing signs of respiratory distress. The patient is at risk for which of the following

Nosocomial infection

A client with otitis media is ordered to receive amoxicillin (Amoxil). The client discloses to the nurse that she is allergic to penicillin. What is the highest priority action on the part of the nurse?

Notify the healthcare provider that the client is allergic to penicillin

A client has been receiving a cephalosporin for 20 days to treat a severe bacterial infection. The client complains of mouth pain, and the nurse assess white patches in the client's mouth. What is the highest priority action on the part of the nurse?

Notify the physician and prescribe the symptoms.

for what reasons may the physician change Claritin D to plain Claritin

Patient has hypertension

The drug level of the aminoglycoside Gentamycin in the blood stream is monitored by the following blood tests

Peak and Trough

Joe states he has been using over the counter nasal spray for 2 weeks with no results. What is the best explanation for this

Rebound congestion develops with extended use

A client who uses an inhaler is taught strategies to prevent Candida infections. Which instruction wold the nurse include in the teaching?

Rinse the mouth with water after each use.

Nasal decongestants act by

Stimulating alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

Mr T has angina and ask the nurse if it is ok to take pseudoephedrine (sudafed) What should the nurse say?

Sudafed will cause vasoconstriction and could cause an angina attack

A 7-year-old client is being evaluated for treatment with tetracycline. Which knowledge is most important for the nurse to share with the client and parents about tetracycline?

Tetracycline may cause permanent discoloration to the teeth if taken before age 8 years.

Mr. Js culture and sensitivity report comes back marked as sensitive next to all antibiotics except penicillin which has a resistance next to it. This indicated that

The bacteria in the wound infections would not be destroyed by penicillin

When antibacterials are prescribed for the treatment of an infection and a culture is ordered, what should happen next?

The culture should be taken before the initial dose of the antibiotic is given.

Nosocomial infections are harder to treat because of all of the following except

We know what they are so we know how to treat them

What is the dosing of Zpak

You take it once a day for 5 days and it last 10 days.

the main topical agent used for the prevention of infection in burn patients is

a topical sulfonamide called Silvadene

Drug concentration is important for the eradication of bacterial infection. It is desired to keep the drug dose:

above minimum effective concentration

A client has had a sinus infection for 1 week. She was seen in the clinic 4 days ago and was instructed to take over-the-counter decongestants and antipyretics. She returns to the clinic with continued symptoms and green nasal mucus. The nurse anticipates that which medication will be ordered

antibiotic

The client is experiencing cold symptoms the nurse anticipates the client will be ordered

antitussives

all of the following interfere with the absorption of tetracycline except

beta blockers

what type of breathing should PJ use while using his inhaler

breathe slowly and deeply

When using a mucolytic drug and a bronchodilator in a nebulizer, the highest priority instruction that the nurse should give the client is that the ____should be given _____minutes before the ____.

bronchodilator 10; mucolytic drug

The client is being treated with FiberCon. The highest priority instruction that the nurse should give the client regarding administration of the medication is to:

chew tablet and follow with full glass of water

Combivent inhaler

combines an anticholinergic and a beta 2 agonist

A client is ordered to receive tetracycline. The client reports that she is using oral contraceptives. The nurse's recommendations are based on the fact that when tetracycline is taken with an oral contraceptive, the desired action of the oral contraceptive is:

decreased

The client has been prescribed an antihistamine anticholinergic medication. The nurse anticipates that the client will need a teaching plan regarding management of:

drowsiness and dry mouth

The client has been ordered treatment with Amoxil. The client reports to the nurse that she has developed symptoms of vaginitis. The highest priority action on the part of the nurse is to recognize this as:

evidence of development of a superinfection.

When PJ is taught to use his inhaler, which of the following is done first

exhale completely

V.W. has been ordered guaifenesin for her cough. How can the nurse explain the rationale for this drug

it is an expectorant to make sputum easier to expell

The 30 cc bottleof multi-dose saline is labeled as a bacteriostatic. This means that you can use it on multiple patients (if proper technique is used) because

it slows any bacterial growth

A client has been ordered a phonothiazine medication as part of his treatment regimen for a psychiatric disorder. Because he is taking the medication for this purpose, the nurse will prepare a dosage of medication that is:

larger than the dose he would take for vomiting

Intal and Tilade are used in control of asthma. There mechanism of action is

mast cell stabalizers

Touching the IV pole with contaminated gloves after emptying the foley/urine bag would cause

may cause the bacteria to be transferred to another nurses bare hands

With continuous use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance result because:

mutant bacteria are surviving antibiotic use

A nurse is ordered to draw blood levels for a person receiving an antibiotic. The nurse is aware that peaks and troughs of serum antibiotic levels are monitored for drugs with a:

narrow therapeutic index

Common side effect of antibiotic therapy include

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and skin rash

PJ has been placed on albuterol by nebulization and by inhaler. Which of the following are most likely to be adverse reactions to the medication?

nervousness and insomnia

A common cause of bacterial resistance

not finishing course of antibiotics

A client has a bacterial infection and is ordered to receive Zithromax. Based on its half-life, the nurse anticipates giving this drug____per day.

once

When administering theophyilline the nurse should determine which type of birth control a female patient uses. Why?

oral contraceptives may increase the serum theophyilline concentration

The most common adverse effect from the use of inhaled glucorticoids is

oropharyngeal candidiasis and dysphonia

You neighbor has had a cough for a week and has come to you for a recommendation of a good cough medication. What is your best response

recommend medical attention

inhaled glucocorticoids are contraindicated for patients with which of the following conditions?

systemic fungal infections

Body defenses and antibacterial drugs work _______ to stop the infectious process

together

individual with hypertension should not use oral decongestants because

vasoconstriction may be hazardous

A school nurse is preparing to administer syrup of ipecac after an ingestion of a noncaustic substance. The label instructs the nurse that ipecac should be mixed in a glass of:

water