pharm M29&39 hyperlipidemia

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3250

The healthcare provider has ordered epoetin alfa 50​ units/kg subcutaneously three times weekly. Today the client weighs 143 lb. The nurse should administer ____ units of epoetin

c

The nurse completes an assessment of a client who is prescribed filgrastim after a bone marrow transplant. The nurse would attend most closely to which parameters on the complete blood​ count? A. Hemoglobin and hematocrit B. Band count and reticulocyte count C. Total white blood cell​ (WBC) count and neutrophil count D. Platelet count and reticulocyte count

d

A pregnant client is receiving counseling related to proper nutrition for fetal development. When told that an iron supplement is​ advised, the woman​ says, "Why should I take​ iron? I was never told I was​ anemic." Which is the​ nurse's best​ response? A. ​"Your body does not absorb iron from food as readily because you are pregnant. A supplement will prevent​ anemia." B. ​"More iron is eliminated from your body because of the increased urine output you experience during pregnancy. The supplement will prevent​ anemia." C. ​"Nausea will probably keep you from eating enough meat to keep your iron​ up, so the supplement will prevent​ anemia." D. ​"Your body needs more iron than usual for the​ baby, and you will temporarily have a greater blood​ volume."

bc

A seasoned nurse is reviewing the different classifications of medications that are used to decrease blood cholesterol levels with a new nurse on a medical long dash —surgical unit. The seasoned nurse knows the new nurse has comprehended the information when she states which medications as fibric acid​ agents? Select all that apply. A. Zetia B. ​Atromid-S C. Lopid D. Zocor E. Colestid

abde

A student is discussing lipid transport through the blood with a nursing instructor. The student asks the educator which apoproteins are important to lipid transport. Which responses by the educator are​ appropriate? Select all that apply. A. ​A-II B. ​B-100 C. ​A-III D. ​A-I E. ​A-IV

a

After major​ surgery, a​ client's hemoglobin is 9.6​ g/dL. The nurse expects that the​ client's erythropoietin output would go​ up, but recognizes that increased production is largely dependent on which​ factor? A. Normal kidney function B. Normal serum ferritin levels C. Normal bone marrow function D. Resumption of regular and balanced dietary intake

d

An adult client is 75 lb over the ideal​ weight, eats a diet high in​ carbohydrates, and drinks three to four alcoholic beverages daily. Which pattern of dyslipidemia most likely fits all the findings and behaviors demonstrated by this​ client? A. Elevated​ LDL, VLDL, total​ cholesterol, chylomicrons; triglycerides more than three times normal B. Elevated​ chylomicrons, normal​ cholesterol, triglycerides more than three times normal C. Elevated LDL and total​ cholesterol, normal VLDL and triglycerides D. Elevated​ VLDL, triglycerides, and​ cholesterol; glucose intolerance

a

An elevation in​ low-density lipoprotein​ (LDL) most likely would be related to which comorbid​ condition? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Renal insufficiency C. Hyperthyroidism D. Iron deficiency anemia

c

An oncology nurse is administering​ colony-stimulating factors​ (CSFs) to a client who has been receiving chemotherapy. How should the nurse explain the expected effect of this​ medication? A. ​"This medication will help to counteract the tendency of chemotherapeutic agents to cause peripheral​ edema." B. ​"This medication will help reduce the possibility of bleeding in the​ brain." C. ​"This medication will help protect you from developing severe​ infections." D. ​"This medication will help overcome your fatigue and improve your overall energy​ level.

bd

The client and nurse have set a goal that the client will demonstrate proper technique for​ self-administration of epoetin alfa​ (Epogen) before the client is discharged from the hospital. Which client actions would the nurse evaluate as indicating this goal is​ met? Select all that apply. A. The client verbalizes a plan to keep the medication vials in a cabinet out of the reach of children. B. The client draws the appropriate amount of medication into the syringe. C. The client saves the remaining medication in the vial for the next dose. D. The client warms the vial by holding it for a few minutes before drawing up the medication. E. The client shakes the vial prior to drawing up the medication.

abc

The healthcare provider has ordered darbepoetin alfa​ (Aranesp) for a client who has anemia secondary to chemotherapy. What teaching should the nurse provide to the​ client? Select all that apply. A. ​"You will need to come in once a week for this​ medication." B. ​"This medication will help to increase your red blood cell​ count." C. ​"You should see maximum results from this medication in 2 to 4​ weeks." D. ​"You can take this medication by​ mouth." E. ​"This drug has fewer side effects than the epoetin alfa we used to​ give.

c

Lab work reveals that a client has an extremely low neutrophil count. The nurse recognizes that​ colony-stimulating factors​ (CSFs) can increase the white blood cell​ count, provided that the client has normal function of which​ organ? A. Liver B. Kidney C. Bone marrow D. Gastrointestinal tract

d

Mild folate deficiency can be managed with dietary interventions. Which foods would the nurse​ recommend? A. Fresh citrus fruits B. ​Strawberries, melon, and blueberries C. Lean​ meat, cheese, and milk D. Bread and​ pastas, dried​ beans, and fresh greens

ce

Morphology reports on a blood smear from a client who has documented anemia show​ normocytic-normochromic red blood cells. Which assessment questions should the nurse ask to further identify the etiology of this​ anemia? Select all that apply. A. ​"Do you follow a strict vegetarian​ diet?" B. ​"Do you eat enough foods that contain​ iron?" C. ​"You will need several radiation treatments to slow down production of your blood​ cells." D. ​"Do you get enough folate in your​ diet?" E. ​"Have you experienced any episodes of​ bleeding?"

b

Niacin and aspirin have been prescribed for a client diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Which statement regarding why this drug combination is prescribed is the most​ accurate? A. ​"Severe headaches are common during the early weeks of niacin​ therapy." B. ​"Aspirin can decrease discomfort associated with niacin​ therapy." C. ​"A common side effect of niacin therapy is joint​ pain." D. ​"Taking niacin and aspirin together increases the therapeutic effect of​ niacin."

b

One of the adverse effects of a chemotherapy drug being administered to a client is depression of pluripotent stem cells. Which change in this​ client's lab values would the nurse expect after treatment is​ initiated? A. Abrupt decrease in hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels B. Abrupt decrease in red blood​ cells, white blood​ cells, and platelets C. Decrease in red blood cells only D. Gradual decrease in red blood cells with a gradual increase in white blood cells

acd

The nurse is reviewing lab work prior to administering a​ client's regularly scheduled subcutaneous injection of epoetin alfa. The nurse notes that the​ client's hematocrit has dropped from the last time the lab was drawn. Which action by the nurse is the most​ appropriate? Select all that apply. A. Discuss this finding with the​ client's healthcare provider immediately. B. Schedule another hematocrit test tomorrow. C. Ask the lab to verify the lab results. D. Ask the​ client, "How have you been​ feeling?" E. Give the epoetin alfa and hold pressure on the injection site for 5 minutes.

b

Which statement indicates that a client understands teaching about atorvastatin​ (Lipitor)? A. ​"I should take this drug with​ breakfast." B. ​"I should stop taking this drug if I decide to try to become​ pregnant." C. ​"I might have to increase my dose of​ digoxin." D. ​"I should always take this drug on an empty​ stomach."

b

​Cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids travel between the liver and peripheral tissues through which​ mechanism? A. As unbound free molecules B. Bound to apoproteins C. Bound separately in molecule complexes D. Bound to albumin

abd

The nurse educator is teaching a group of students about​ HMG-CoA reductase medications. The nurse knows the students understood the lesson when they state which drugs as examples of this​ classification? Select all that apply. A. Lipitor B. Mevacor C. Welchol D. Lescol E. Questran

ade

A client and nurse have set this​ goal: "The client will verbalize precautions required while taking medications to reverse neutropenia by date of​ discharge." Which client statements would the nurse evaluate as indicating this goal is​ met? Select all that apply. A. ​"I will call my healthcare​ provider's office if my temperature goes over 100.5 degrees °​F." B. ​"I should not worry if my stools are light in​ color." C. ​"I should eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables while on this​ drug." D. ​"If I develop a​ cough, I will call my healthcare​ provider's office." E. ​"I will avoid going to the shopping mall until my therapy is​ complete."

a

A client has a surgical wound infection. The nurse recognizes that a healthy body will respond by rapidly increasing​ colony-stimulating factors​ (CSFs) in the blood. How does this increase help in fighting the​ infection? A. Increased phagocytosis B. Elevated level of serum antibodies C. Slowed migration of leukocytes D. Decreased antibody toxicity

a

A client is admitted with pernicious anemia. The nurse understands that therapy will include medication to address the​ client's lack of intrinsic factor. Which drug would the nurse anticipate​ administering? A. Cyanocobalamin subcutaneously B. Epoetin alfa subcutaneously C. Intravenous iron D. An oral iron salt

c

A client is being discharged after a hospital admission for chest pain with a multidrug regimen that includes a new prescription for cholestyramine​ (Questran). Which information is the most important for the nurse to include in discharge teaching about this​ drug? A. ​"If you experience bloating or​ constipation, you should stop taking this​ drug." B. ​"Do not take vitamin supplements while taking​ cholestyramine." C. ​"You must carefully follow instructions for mixing this drug with​ liquid." D. ​"We will monitor your kidney function while you are taking this​ drug."

ae

A client is hospitalized for pharmacologic management of a hematopoietic disorder secondary to chemotherapy treatment. The client​ states, "This sounds really bad. How will I be treated for this​ problem?" Which responses by the nurse are​ appropriate? Select all that apply. A. ​"You will probably need multiple blood​ transfusions." B. ​"We will give you medications to reverse your​ chemotherapy." C. ​"You will need several radiation treatments to slow down production of your blood​ cells." D. ​"In many cases we can give you medications that are very similar to substances already produced in your​ body." E. ​"Since you are low on some blood​ cells, we will give you medications to increase your​ body's production of those​ cells."

a

A client is prescribed a dose of oprelvekin. Prior to administration of the​ drug, which nursing assessment should trigger a telephone call to the provider who wrote the​ order? A. History of myelogenous leukemia B. History of alcohol abuse C. Current platelet count of​ 25,000 D. Current hemoglobin of 9.6​ g/dL

2

A client is receiving epoetin alfa​ (Epogen) therapy. The nurse would evaluate the therapy as successful if the client averages a ___​% increase in hematocrit weekly

bd

A client is receiving the first dose of sargramostim​ (Leukine). Which assessment findings should the nurse evaluate as indicating a possible serious adverse effect of this​ drug? Select all that apply. A. Rash on the palms B. Difficulty breathing C. Yellowing of the mucous membranes D. Tachycardia E. Increased blood pressure

d

A client received a first dose of cyanocobalamin​ (Nascobal) 2 days ago. The nurse is monitoring the​ client's electrolytes because of the possibility of which clinical​ manifestation? A. A marked decrease in calcium and the risk of tetany B. A decrease in sodium and the potential for renal failure C. A marked decrease in serum osmolality and the risk of cerebral edema D. A marked decrease in potassium and the potential for dangerous dysrhythmias

ade

A client says to the​ nurse, "My​ sister's doctor told her to start taking ferrous sulfate tablets. Do you think that would help me feel​ better?" Which client history would be of concern to the​ nurse? Select all that apply. A. Ulcerative colitis controlled by diet B. An episode of shingles last winter C. Frequent falls D. Daily use of a proton pump inhibitor E. Peptic ulcer disease

c

A client taking gemfibrozil​ (Lopid) and rosuvastatin​ (Crestor) reports muscle and joint pain. The​ nurse's response is based on an interpretation that this complaint might indicate which​ manifestation? A. Peripheral neuropathy B. Hepatic injury C. Myopathy D. An inflammatory response

b

A client who had gastric bypass surgery 6 months ago is profoundly anemic. The client has memory loss and periodic hallucinations. A diagnosis of folate deficiency has been proposed. Why would the nurse question this provisional​ diagnosis? A. Folic acid deficiency has only a minimal impact on red blood cell counts. B. Folate deficiency anemia does not produce neurologic symptoms. C. Iron deficiency anemia is the anemia that occurs among gastric resection clients. D. Folic acid absorption is usually enhanced during a rapid weight loss.

b

A client who has just returned from an extended​ mountain-climbing trip in the Andes is seen in a clinic for an elective procedure. Preprocedure blood work reveals a very high hemoglobin level and red blood cell count. Which action should the nurse​ take? A. Ask if the client used supplemental oxygen during​ high-altitude climbing. B. Place the lab results in the chart for the healthcare provider to review prior to the procedure. C. Ask if the client ate a lot of​ iron-rich raisins in trail mix on the journey. D. Call the lab and have the test repeated.

bcde

A client who is a strict vegetarian is prescribed cyanocobalamin​ (Nascobal) for vitamin B12 deficiency. Which information should the nurse provide for this​ client Select all that apply. A. ​"Constipation is a concern with this​ drug." B. ​"Your healthcare provider may want to do an intradermal test dose of the medication before you start taking​ it." C. ​"Adverse effects of this drug are​ rare." D. ​"Nutrient-fortified breakfast cereals will help support your vitamin B 12 12 ​levels." E. ​"Your medication is in the form of a nasal​ spray."

d

A client who is a vegetarian is having difficulty maintaining a hemoglobin level over 12​ g/dL. The nurse understands that this problem is primarily related to the​ client's choice to avoid animal products. Which food choices contain sufficient iron to meet this​ client's needs? A. Red and orange vegetables such as​ tomatoes, sweet​ potatoes, and carrots B. Root vegetables such as​ potatoes, onions, and yams C. Cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower D. ​Whole-grain bread and​ pastas, and fortified cereal

d

A client who recently started on chemotherapy​ states, "The doctor told me my stem cells were down. A stem cell sounds like something on a​ flower! What did the doctor​ mean?" Which response by the nurse provides the best​ explanation? A. ​"The complete blood count you had yesterday showed a decrease in the number of stem cells. Your doctor is keeping you​ informed." B. ​"Bone marrow depression is a common side effect of​ chemotherapy, but it can be​ treated." C. ​"Did the oncology nurse give you a copy of the pamphlet that discusses the unwanted effects of​ chemotherapy?" D. ​"Stem cells are found in your bone marrow. They can turn into red blood​ cells, white blood​ cells, or​ platelets, depending on what your body needs at the time. Right​ now, your body is producing fewer than it​ should."

d

A client who takes atorvastatin​ (Lipitor) daily has been prescribed erythromycin for sinusitis. To prevent consequences of an adverse effect of this combination of​ drugs, it is most important for the nurse to monitor this client for which clinical​ manifestation? A. Abdominal pain and cramping B. Bleeding from the oral cavity and bruising C. Lack of expected response to erythromycin D. New onset of muscle pain

c

A client whose hemoglobin level was 6​ g/dL 2 days ago has received parenteral epoetin alfa. A hemoglobin level has just been drawn to evaluate therapy. The nurse would consider which hemoglobin lab result as most​ problematic? A. 11 long dash —12 ​g/dL B. 9 long dash —10 ​g/dL C. 13 long dash —14 ​g/dL D. 7 long dash —8 ​g/dL

ae

A client will be on​ long-term oral iron therapy. When discussing this​ therapy, the nurse mentions that a​ slow-release, enterically coated preparation may be advisable for the client. Which rationales would the nurse have for this​ suggestion? Select all that apply. A. The client has children at home. B. This form reduces problems with constipation. C. This preparation can be taken with coffee or milk. D. This form is less expensive. E. The enteric coating may reduce gastrointestinal​ (GI) upset.

c

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease​ (COPD) demonstrates a consistently low pulse oximetry value. The nurse notes a ruddy facial color with purple undertones and recognizes the effects of which elevated blood​ levels? A. ​Colony-stimulating factors and serum ferritin B. ​Interleukin-11 and macrophage activity C. Erythropoietin and red blood cells​ (RBCs) D. ​Colony-stimulating factors and white blood cells

b

A client with preexisting bipolar disorder is receiving filgrastim​ (Neupogen) for the management of neutropenia following chemotherapy treatments for lymphocytic leukemia. The oncology nurse recognizes that which preparation for bipolar disorder could complicate the management of the​ client's leukemia? A. Carbamazepine​ (Tegretol) B. Lithium carbonate C. Clonazepam​ (Klonopin) D. Valproic acid​ (Depakene)

d

A client with severe pernicious anemia tells the​ nurse, "I do not understand why everyone is so excited about a little anemia. Lots of people are​ anemic." The nurse responds that​ long-term pernicious anemia can cause severe damage to the tissues of which​ system? A. Cardiovascular system B. Gastrointestinal system C. Renal system D. Nervous system

c

A nurse administers an exogenous erythropoietin in the form of epoetin alfa​ (Epogen) to a client on dialysis. Which statement best describes the action of this drug to the​ client? A. ​"Epogen changes the molecular structure of your​ hemoglobin, making it carry more​ oxygen." B. ​"Epogen makes your red blood cells bigger​ around." C. ​"Epogen helps to increase the concentration of the oxygen carrier in your​ blood." D. ​"Epogen will change the shape of your red blood cells to increase their​ flexibility."

90

A nurse educator is reviewing the different types of lipids with a group of nursing students. The educator is discussing the importance of triglycerides and states that triglycerides account for ___ ​% of the total lipids in the body.

b

A nurse is evaluating outcomes of teaching for a client with a new prescription for atorvastatin​ (Lipitor). Which response indicates that the client has understood teaching about this​ drug? A. ​"I will avoid taking this drug with​ meals." B. ​"I will stop taking this drug if I am trying to get​ pregnant." C. ​"I should always take this drug right before​ breakfast." D. ​"I might need to increase my dose of digoxin while I am taking this​ drug."

d

A nurse who works in an outpatient chemotherapy unit has received an order to administer filgrastim​ (Neupogen) to a client who received chemotherapy this morning. The​ client's white blood cell count is dropping rapidly. The nurse asks the client to return to the unit tomorrow for the filgrastim. What is the rationale for the​ nurse's request? A. There is an increased risk of adverse reaction to both drugs. B. If given​ today, the increase in the white blood cell count will occur too rapidly. C. If the filgrastim is given​ today, the risk of liver damage will increase. D. The actions of the filgrastim and chemotherapy drugs will oppose each other

70

A nursing instructor explains to a group of students that LDL is often called​ "bad" cholesterol because this lipoprotein contributes significantly to plaque deposits and coronary artery disease​ (CAD). The instructor asks the students what percentage of cholesterol is circulating in LDLs. The correct range is 60 to ___​%.

acd

A nursing student is preparing a presentation on the different types of lipids. The student will include which classification of lipids in the​ presentation? Select all that apply. A. Triglycerides B. Bile acids C. Phospholipids D. Steroids E. Lecithins

d

The nurse has instructed a client on the​ self-administration of oral iron tablets. Which client statement indicates the need for further​ clarification? A. ​"The medicine will help my body build red blood​ cells." B. ​"I will have blood drawn after 3 or 4 weeks to see if this drug is improving my red blood cell​ count." C. ​"If I get constipated while I am taking this​ drug, I will stop taking the​ drug." D. ​"I should take this medication with​ meals, along with a big glass of​ milk.

d

The nurse is assessing a client who is pale and complains of dizziness and chronic fatigue. The​ client's heart rate increases with exertion. The medical diagnoses include possible anemia. Based on this​ assessment, which conclusion can the nurse​ draw? A. Constant exhaustion indicates the client is probably losing blood. B. Blood work will indicate the client has pernicious anemia. C. Pallor indicates the client has iron deficiency anemia. D. The​ client's signs and symptoms are typical of anemia.

c

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is prescribed cholestyramine​ (Questran). To maintain safety for this client relative to the potential effects of this​ drug, the nurse should monitor which laboratory​ test? A. Serum glucose B. Serum potassium level C. Serum transaminases D. Neutrophil count

c

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with aplastic anemia. The nurse recognizes that the medical management of this type of anemia is based on the fact that it is triggered by which​ event? A. Lack of intrinsic factor in the gastrointestinal tract B. An episode of acute bleeding C. Acute destruction of red blood cells within the body D. A hereditary problem with the formation of red blood cells

d

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. When examining the results of laboratory​ tests, the nurse notes that which findings are consistent with this​ diagnosis? A. Decreased total serum​ cholesterol, LDL, and HDL B. Elevated total serum​ cholesterol, LDL, and HDL C. Decreased total serum cholesterol and​ LDL, and elevated HDL D. Elevated total serum cholesterol and​ LDL, and decreased HDL

a

The nurse is caring for a client taking both gemfibrozil​ (Lopid) and warfarin​ (Coumadin). To maintain safety relative to the interaction of these​ drugs, the nurse should monitor the client closely for which clinical​ manifestation? A. Bleeding B. Hyperlipidemia C. Myolysis D. Clot formation

b

The nurse is caring for a client with a very low platelet count. The nurse recognizes that a resurgence in the platelet count is most likely to occur in response to a higher circulating level of which​ substance? A. Erythropoietin B. Thrombopoietin C. ​Colony-stimulating factors D. An interferon

a

The nurse is caring for an ambulatory client who requires treatment for pernicious anemia on a medical unit. The client is weak and short of​ breath, and recently has become confused. Vital signs at rest are temperature 98.0 degrees °​F, pulse 98​ beats/min, respirations 22​ breaths/min, blood pressure​ 96/60 mmHg, and pulse oximetry​ 95%. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest​ priority? A. ​Falls, Risk for related to​ confusion, weakness, and unfamiliar environment B. ​Confusion, Acute related to​ aging, and abnormal vital signs C. ​Knowledge, Deficient ​(anemia treatment) related to a new medical diagnosis and its treatment D. ​Walking, Impaired related to​ weakness, low blood​ pressure, and fast heart rate

c

The nurse is delivering care to a client on dialysis who received epoetin alfa during the previous visit. Which nursing intervention is most important during this​ treatment? A. Ensuring that the shunt is appropriately cleaned and dressed after the treatment B. Ensuring that sufficient water is removed during​ dialysis, based on body weight C. Ensuring that the client receives sufficient heparin after the​ day's dialysis is complete D. Ensuring that the client understands the indications and expected outcomes of epoetin alfa therapy

b

The nurse is developing teaching materials on managing the side effects of oral iron salts for distribution in a free clinic. Which information should be​ included? A. Take oral iron products just before bedtime. B. Take oral iron products on an empty stomach unless nausea results. C. Take oral iron products with the largest meal of the day. D. Take oral iron products with plenty of​ fluid, such as​ milk, tea, or coffee.

100000

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of a client who is receiving filgrastim​ (Neupogen). The nurse would be concerned if this​ client's leukocyte count exceeds ____ cells/mm3.

acd

The nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving drug therapy for a lipid disorder. What outcomes depict that the client is experiencing the therapeutic effects of the​ medication? Select all that apply. A. Lowered total cholesterol B. Decreased BUN and creatinine C. Lowered LDL D. Increased HDL E. Elevated liver enzymes

a

The nurse is planning care for a client who will be administering injections of cyanocobalamin once a month. Which goal is most​ appropriate? A. The client will safely​ self-administer cyanocobalamin as ordered every 4 weeks. B. The client will be given cyanocobalamin monthly until the blood count improves. C. The client will understand the purpose of cyanocobalamin before the first dose. D. The client will be taught about the possible side effects of cyanocobalamin by the home health nurse.

ace

The nurse is preparing to discharge a client from a medical long dash —surgical unit. The client is going home on niacin therapy to decrease blood cholesterol levels. In educating the client on medication​ safety, the nurse should instruct the client to report which adverse effects to the healthcare​ provider? Select all that apply. A. Jaundice B. Vomiting C. Joint pain D. Nausea E. Stomach pain

c

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who has been placed on oral cholestyramine for management of a lipid disorder. Which statement by this client indicates the need for further teaching about this​ drug? A. ​"I should take my warfarin at least 1 hour before I take my​ cholestyramine." B. ​"I should stop taking a daily multivitamin​ pill." C. ​"I should keep all appointments for monitoring my warfarin​ therapy, since I might need to decrease the dose of this​ drug." D. ​"Before I take this​ medicine, I should mix it in 2 ounces of​ water, then add another 2 to 4 ounces before I swallow​ it."

d

The nurse is reviewing a​ client's laboratory results. Which finding is of most​ concern? A. Total cholesterol 202​ mg/dL B. LDL cholesterol 92​ mg/dL C. HDL cholesterol 62​ mg/dL D. Triglycerides 349​ mg/dL

b

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with a low level of intrinsic factor. Which blood smear report would help confirm the medical diagnosis of pernicious​ anemia? A. Macrocytic and hypochromic red blood cells B. Macrocytic and normochromic red blood cells C. Normocytic and normochromic red blood cells D. Microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells

be

The nurse is reviewing the adverse effects associated with statins with a client who is prescribed this classification of medication to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The nurse knows the client has understood the teaching when the client states which serious adverse effects associated with​ statins? Select all that apply. A. Abdominal pain B. Rhabdomyolysis C. Headache D. Muscle or joint pain E. Myopathy

a

The nurse is reviewing the blood work of a client newly diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Because of the way iron is stored in the​ body, the nurse pays closest attention to which lab​ value? A. Serum ferritin 10​ mg/mL B. Red blood cell count of​ 5,000,000 C. Hb 10.1​ g/dL D. Platelet count of​ 75,000

a

The nurse is teaching a client about reducing the risk for coronary artery disease. An elevation in which laboratory value is most directly associated with​ atherosclerosis, leading to coronary artery​ disease? A. ​Low-density lipoprotein​ (LDL) B. Total cholesterol C. ​High-density lipoprotein​ (HDL) D. Very​ low-density lipoprotein​ (VLDL)

ace

The nurse is teaching a client regarding therapeutic lifestyle changes that can be implemented to control cholesterol levels in the blood. Which statements made by the client indicate an appropriate understanding of the teaching​ session? Select all that apply. A. ​"I will eliminate tobacco​ use." B. ​"I will decrease soluble fiber in my​ diet." C. ​"I will maintain an optimal​ weight." D. ​"I will increase intake of dietary saturated fats and​ cholesterol." E. ​"I will implement a medically supervised exercise​ plan."

b

The nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed medication to manage HDL cholesterol. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been​ understood? A. ​"If I can decrease my HDL​ level, I will be less likely to have a heart​ attack." B. ​"If I can increase my HDL​ level, I will be less likely to have a heart​ attack." C. ​"Treatment of HDL cholesterol will also raise my LDL cholesterol​ level." D. ​"Treatment of HDL cholesterol will also decrease my LDL cholesterol​ level."

d

The nurse is teaching a client with elevated LDL cholesterol and decreased HDL cholesterol about strategies to manage this disorder. The client asks the nurse why there is a difference in the direction of change in the goals for altering HDL versus LDL cholesterol. Which response by the nurse is the most​ appropriate? A. ​"I think you have misunderstood what I have told​ you, since we want both values to be​ reduced." B. ​"It is most important to increase HDL​ cholesterol, and if we can reduce LDL cholesterol​ also, that might be of some​ help." C. ​"We want to reduce HDL cholesterol and increase LDL cholesterol because these changes will protect you against​ atherosclerosis." D. ​"We want to increase HDL​ cholesterol, which helps rid the body of excess​ cholesterol, and to decrease LDL​ cholesterol, which carries excess cholesterol to the body tissue to be​ stored."

200

The nurse is teaching a community group about the role that cholesterol plays in the development of high blood pressure and atherosclerosis. To decrease this​ risk, the nurse recommends that clients maintain a total cholesterol level of less than ____ ​mg/dL.

a

The nurse planning care for a client newly diagnosed with slightly elevated serum​ cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL initiates a dietary consult for which​ reason? A. Nonpharmacologic approaches to dyslipidemia should be initiated before pharmacologic agents are prescribed. B. This particular pattern of dyslipidemia is not amenable to pharmacologic agents. C. These levels are sufficiently elevated that pharmacologic intervention alone is unlikely to be successful. D. Dietary modifications can be useful for lipid​ disorders, but only as an adjunct intervention after pharmacologic therapy for clients has been initiated.

c

Which client is most likely to require a folic acid supplement to treat​ anemia? A. A client who has a forearm​ arterial-venous shunt and is scheduled for dialysis three times weekly B. A client who has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus C. A client who has a history of chronic heavy alcohol intake D. A client who has a history of chronic heart failure with multiple exacerbations

d

Which goal is appropriate for a person attempting to control cholesterol and​ low-density lipoprotein​ levels? A. Increase plant sterol intake to 1 to 2 grams daily. B. Limit dietary fat to less than​ 50% of total calories. C. Limit saturated fat intake to less than​ 15% of total calories. D. Limit cholesterol intake to less than 200 mg daily.

b

Which statement indicates that a client has understood instructions about​ cholestyramine? A. ​"I should take this drug at least 1 hour before taking any other​ drugs." B. ​"I will drink plenty of fluids while I am taking this​ drug." C. ​"I should report to my doctor any increase in swelling of my​ ankles." D. ​"I will take this drug when I wake up in the​ morning."


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