Pharm Prep U Mastery 3, 4, & 5
The nurse should consider teratogenic effects when caring for what clients? (Select all that apply.)
-a 29-year-old client receiving prenatal care in her first trimester of pregnancy -a 37-year-old client who is taking fertility drugs
Many drugs can affect the functioning of the nerves in the periphery and central nervous system. Which are examples of potential neurologic effects of drugs? Select all that apply.
-a postoperative client with extrapyramidal symptoms, hyperthermia, and autonomic disturbances -a client taking an antipsychotic who exhibits akinesia, muscular tremors, drooling, changes in gait, jitters (akathisia), or spasms (dyskinesia) -a postoperative client who had atropine and exhibits dry mouth, altered taste perception, dysphagia, heartburn, constipation, and bloating
What would the nurse expect to assess in a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
-dilated pupils -feeling of panic -difficulty breathing
The nurse provides health education for a diverse group of clients. For which client should the nurse emphasize the risk of teratogenic drug effects?
20-year-old female client who has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection
What would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client who is to receive a drug that is associated with anticholinergic effects?
Be sure to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
An instructor is preparing a class that describes the toxic effects of drugs. Which effect would the instructor expect to include?
Drugs cause unexpected or unacceptable reactions despite screening and testing.
A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder has begun lithium therapy. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's instructions regarding the need for regular monitoring of the client's serum drug levels?
It is necessary to ensure that the client's drug levels are therapeutic but not toxic.
A client develops bone marrow suppression related to a drug's effects. What would be most important for the nurse to do?
Monitor laboratory blood values.
A client receiving drug therapy develops numbness and tingling in the extremities and muscle cramps. What assessment should the nurse perform?
Review the client's most recent potassium level.
A client with lymphoma is scheduled to begin chemotherapy tomorrow. When providing health education for the client regarding the risk for stomatitis, what should the nurse teach the client?
Techniques for providing safe and effective mouth care
Upon assessment after giving oral penicillin, the nurse notes that a client has dilated pupils, increased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. The nurse would document these findings as which type of drug allergic reaction?
anaphylactic
Preoperative atropine belongs to what classification of drugs?
anticholinergic
The nurse is assessing a new client who states being allergic to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs. What subsequent assessment should the nurse prioritize?
asking the client what the client's response is to taking NSAIDs
A client develops a skin reaction to one of their prescribed medications. This client also has a specific underlying pathology. This underlying pathology might serve as a:
contraindication for the use of certain medications.
What changes due to aging in the geriatric client may affect excretion and promote accumulation of drugs in the body?
decreased glomerular filtration rate.
A client comes to the clinic reporting of a ringing sound in the ears and dizziness. When the nurse takes the client's history, the nurse discovers that the client has been taking several ibuprofen every day for various discomforts. What does the nurse understand has occurred with this client?
ototoxicity from the ibuprofen
The nurse is assessing a client whose debilitating headache did not respond to the recommended dose of an OTC analgesic. In response, the client took another dose 30 minutes later and then a double dose one hour after that. The nurse's assessment should focus on the possibility of:
poisoning
The pharmacology instructor explains to the students that adverse effects can be extensions of:
primary action of a drug
The nurse has begun the intravenous infusion of the first dose of a client's prescribed antibiotic. A few minutes later, the client is diaphoretic, gasping for breath and has a heart rate of 145 beats per minute. After calling for help, what is the nurse's priority action?
protecting and maintaining the patency of the client's airway
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client receiving drug therapy. What would the nurse suspect if the results reveal an elevation in the blood urea nitrogen level and creatinine concentration?
renal injury
When instructing a client who is taking an antibiotic about the possibility of nausea and diarrhea, the nurse understands that these effects are examples of:
secondary actions
A few minutes after starting an intravenous (IV) infusion of a newly prescribed antibiotic, the client develops difficulty breathing, hives, and a rapid heart rate. Which action will the nurse take first?
stop the infusion
The nurse administers an anticholinergic medication to the client. When assessing this client, what finding should the nurse interpret as a secondary effect of the drug?
urinary hesitancy
The nurse is assessing a client who is being admitted to the healthcare facility. When asked about allergies, the client states, "I'm allergic to penicillin." What is the nurse's best initial response?
"Do you remember what happened the last time you received penicillin?"
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of a new client. When asked about any food or drug allergies, the client states that the client is allergic to tetracycline. What action should the nurse next perform?
Ask the client, "What happens when you take a dose of tetracycline?"
A client who is being treated for cancer developed a serum sickness reaction. The care team has been notified, and the client is being stabilized. What is the nurse's priority action?
Discontinue the drug immediately as ordered.
Which symptoms are indicators that the client is having an anaphylactic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
-hives -difficulty breathing -panicked feeling
Many drugs that reach the developing fetus or embryo can cause death or congenital defects. What are examples of congenital defects? Select all that apply.
-skeletal abnormalities -central nervous system alternations -heart defects -limb abnormalities
A client develops a cytotoxic reaction to a drug. What would the nurse expect to do?
Discontinue the drug immediately as ordered.
What does the nurse need to do when there is any indication of an allergic reaction in clients?
Maintain the client's safety during drug therapy.
A client with a longstanding diagnosis of schizophrenia has taken antipsychotic drugs for several decades. For what adverse effect should the nurse assess?
Parkinsonian symptoms
A client began a new medication four days ago and presents with a temperature of 38.2° C (100.8 °F), dependent edema, and swollen cervical lymph nodes. The nurse has informed the client's provider, who has discontinued the medication. What subsequent intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Provide supportive care to manage fever and inflammation.
A newly admitting client has signs and symptoms of an infection and the nurse anticipates that the client will be prescribed antibiotics. What assessment should the nurse prioritize when determining the client's risk for an excessive drug response due to impaired excretion?
The client's blood urea nitrogen level and creatinine clearance rate
A 70-year-old man who enjoys good health began taking low-dose aspirin several months ago based on recommendations that he read in a magazine article. During the man's most recent visit to his care provider, routine blood work was ordered and the results indicated an unprecedented rise in the man's serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. How should a nurse best interpret these findings?
The man may be experiencing nephrotoxic effects of aspirin
The nurse is caring for a client receiving an aminoglycoside (antibiotic) that can be nephrotoxic. Which will alert the nurse that the client may be experiencing nephrotoxicity?
a decrease in urine output
The nurse should have basic knowledge of drug classifications in order to administer medications safely to clients. What drug information is instrumental in determining nursing actions following drug administration?
adverse effects
