pharm quiz 3 ch 56

topical dermatologic drugs

-topical hair growth drugs -systemic hair growth drug

skin preparation drugs

-isopropyl alcohol -povidone-iodine (betdine) -chlorhezidine (hibiclens) -benzalkonium chloride (zephiran)

Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

- antibacterial drug -topical anti infective -used to prevent or treat infection at the site of second and third degree burns -AE: paon, burning an itching -do not use in patients who are allergic to sulfonamide drugs

corticosteroids

- antiinflammatory effects -antipruritic effects -vasoconstrinctor

clotrimazole (lotrimin, myclex-G)

- lozenge for oral candidiasis (trush) - vaginal suppository or cream for yeast infections -other forms used for other fungal infections

topical hair growth drugs

- minoxidil (rogaine) -for men and women

Miconazole (Monistat)

- topical cream -vaginal suppository or cream

isotretinoin (amnesteem, claravis, SOtret)

- treatment of severe recalcitrant cystic acne -inhibits sebaceoous gland activity and has nonkeratinizing (antiskin hardeding) and antiinflammatory effects

mupirocin (bactroban)

- used topically for staph and strep impetigo -intranasal form for MRSA - available for prescription

what are topical fungal infections caused by?

-Candida albicans: a yeastlike opportunistic fungus present in the normal flora of the mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract - Dermatophytes; tinea or ringworm infections

topical fungal infections

-Difficult to eradicate -Therapy may be prolonged (Several weeks to 1 year)

topical anesthetic drugs

-Used to reduce pain or pruritus associated with: Insect bites Sunburns Poison Ivy exposure -also used to numb the skin before a painful injection

topical antiviral drugs

-acyclovir (zovirax) and enciclovir (denavir) -do not cure viral skin infections but may reduce healing time and pain - systemic drugs have been shown to be better for controlling viral skin conditions

topical antimicrobial drugs

-antibacterial drugs -antifungal drugs -antiviral drugs

topical antipruritic drugs

-antihistamines -corticosteroids

topical dermatologic drugs

-antimicrobial drugs -anti-inflammatory drugs -antineoplastic drugs -antipiuretic drugs (for itching) - burn drugs

nursing implications

-assess for presence of contraindications, especially drug allergies -do not apply anti infective drugs until culture and sesitivity testing (if ordered) are complete -wear gloves when applying topical drugs -aply dressings as prescribed -document

most common antibacterial drugs

-bacitracin -neomycin -polymycin -neomycin and polymyxin B (neosporin) -mupirocin (bactroban)

antiacne drugs

-benzoyl peroxide -erythromycin -tetracycline -isotretinoin -clindamycin -vitamin A acid: retinoic acid

benzoyl peroxide

-causes death of the anaerobic P. acnes bacteria by slowly releasing oxygen -antibacterial, antiseptic, drying and keratolytic actions

systemic hair growth drug

-finasteride is classified as a pregnancy category x drug -women are not to handle this drug without gloves or crush this drug, thereby making it airborne

A few months later, it is determined that Jane is not responding to treatment and is now prescribed isotretinoin. Which statement will the nurse include when teaching Jane about isotretinoin therapy? A. "Call your prescriber immediately if you experience any signs of depression." B. "If you become pregnant, the dose of isotretinoin will be cut in half." C. "Isotretinoin is administered by subcutaneous injection directly into the acne areas." D. "Isotretinoin should not be used with any form of birth control."

A. "Call your prescriber immediately if you experience any signs of depression."

A woman who is taking isotretinoin calls the office to say that she thinks she may be pregnant. What will the nurse instruct the patient to do first? A. Stop the isotretinoin immediately B. Reduce the dosage of the isotretinoin to every other day C. Switch tp tretinoin (retinoic acid) D. Consult an obstetrician

A. Stop the isotretinoin immediately

During a regular follow-up visit, Jane points out a sore that she has developed on her mouth. She is diagnosed with herpes simplex. Which medication does the nurse anticipate Jane will receive? A. miconazole (Monistat) B. acyclovir (Zovirax) C. clotrimazole (Lotrimin) D. anthralin (Anthra-Derm)

B. acyclovir (Zovirax)

Acyclovir (Zovirax) and Penciclovir (Denavir)

Both used to treat initial and recurrent herpes simplex 1 and 2 and human papillomavirus infections

Jane is a 17-year-old patient who is being seen in the dermatology clinic for treatment of acne vulgaris. The nurse practitioner prescribes benzoyl peroxide topically four times a day. Jane tells the nurse that she wants take the drug more frequently so the acne will go away quickly. What information will the nurse provide to Jane? A. "Improvement is usually seen in 1 week." B. "If you want faster results, a pill form of benzoyl peroxide will be used." C. "Overuse of this drug can result in painful, reddened skin." D. "Benzoyl peroxide causes the skin to blister or swell to clear the acne."

C. "Overuse of this drug can result in painful, reddened skin."

what is acne caused by?

Propionibacterium acnes

The nurse is assessing a patient who has been diagnosed with MRSA on the right arm the nurse anticipates use of which medication to treat the MRSA? A. Bacitracin B. Neomycin C. Polymyxin B D. Mupirocin (Bactroban)

D. Mupirocin (Bactroban)

topical anesthetic ointments, cream, sprays, liquids and jellies

EMLA: Lidocaine-Prilocaine combination Ela-max: Lidocaine

why is mupirocin becoming resistant?

because of the high incidence of infection with MRSA

topical antifungal drugs

clotrimazole and miconazole

keratolytic

softens scales and loosens the outer layer of the skin