Pharmacology - Ch. 27
A nurse is completing an assessment of a patient who has been administered an adrenergic drug. Adrenergic drugs mimic the effects of stimulating the A) sympathetic nervous system B) parasympathetic nervous system C) adrenal medulla D) autonomic nervous system
A
A patient has been administered epinephrine. Subsequent stimulation of beta1-adrenergic receptors in the heart results in A) increased heart rate B) decreased oxygen demand by the myocardium C) vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries D) decreased heart muscle contractions
A
A patient with seasonal allergies has begun using phenylephrine to relieve nasal congestion. The nurse should caution the patient against using his drug for a prolonged period due to the risk of A) rebound congestion B) sympathomimetic effects C) glaucoma D) epistaxis
A
An adrenergic drug has been administered to a patient in distress. Adrenergic drugs produce which of the following effects? A) Increased heart rate B) Urinary incontinence C) Decreased respiratory rate D) Decreased blood pH
A
A patient has suffered a cardiac arrest and epinephrine has been administered intravenously. The nurse should be aware that this drug promotes oxygenation of the heart and brain by which of the following means? A) Simultaneously slowing the heart rate and increasing the force of contraction B) Redirecting blood flow away from the peripheral circulation C) Promoting the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin D) Promoting vasodilation in the myocardium and the brain
B
A patient with chronic renal failure secondary to diabetes mellitus has become seriously ill and the care team is considering the administration of epinephrine. Why do patients with impaired renal function require cautious use of epinephrine? A) Epinephrine can cause lysis of Bowman's capsules, further reducing renal function B) Metabolites may accumulate and increase the risk of adverse effects C) Epinephrine is fully resorbed in the proximate tubules and can accumuate to toxic levels D) Epinephrine increases the pH of urine and constitutes a risk for urosepsis
B
Adrenergic drugs stimulate beta1-receptor activity and can be of great benefit to critically ill patients. However, they carry the potential for which of the following adverse effects? A) Hypoglycemia B) Cardiac dysrhythmias C) Stupor D) Intestinal wall muscle spasm
B
An acutely ill patient requires the administration of epinephrine. How does the fact that the patient also takes propranolol affect dosing? A) The use of propranolol does not influence the use of epinephrine B) The patient may require a higher dose of epinephrine C) The use of epinephrine is contraindicated D) The patient should be given a smaller than normal dose of epinephrine
B
Epinephrine typically causes an increase in the tone of many muscles. However, it has the potential to promote relaxation of A) superficial blood vessels B) bronchioles C) sphincter muscles D) smooth muscles in the intestinal wall
B
Which of the following health problems is the most likely indication for the use of adrenergic drugs in a home care setting? A) Chronic heart failure B) Asthma C) Pneumonia D) Atrial fibrillation
B
Adrenergic drugs may be used to treat which of the following? Select all that apply A) Hypertension B) Asthma C) Shock D) Sinus congestion E) Seizures
B, C, D
A patient has been prescribed a metered does inhaler of epinephrine. The nurse has emphasized the importance of not exceeding the recommended frequency of administration because using the drug too often can result in A) rebound bronchoconstriction B) heart block C) tolerance to the drug D) upper respiratory infections
C
Anaphylaxis kits for patients allergic to bee stings would contain which of the following medications? A) Dopamine B) Norepinephrine C) Epinephrine D) Aspirin
C
A nurse is explaining the varied therapeutic uses of epinephrine to a new nursing graduate. Epinephrine may be administered by all but which of the following routes? A) Intravenous B) Topical C) Subcutaneous D) Oral
D
When applied topically to the eye, which of the following drugs produces dilation of the pupil without changing accommodation? A) Atropine B) Neostigmine C) Phentolamine D) Phenylephrine
D