Physical Science 1300
centimeter
0.01 m
of the following which is the longest-1000ft, 500m, 1 km, 1 mi
1 mi
According to Kepler's third law, the speed that a planet travels in its orbit around the sun depends upon the planet's mass
false
Astrology has been used to make consistently accurate predictions about the future
false
The SI unit for power is the joule
false
The SI unit for time is the minute
false
The laws and theories of science represent the ultimate truth about our physical universe
false
The study of physical science includes topics in the world of human events such as politics and economics
false
When first proposed, a scientific interpretation is usually called a theory
false
why is gravity considered a fundamental force whereas the force a bat exerts on a ball is not
gravity is everywhere, but hitting a ball deals with electromagnetic force, which isn't the same as gravity
law of gravity
holds everything in the universe together
when first proposed, a scientific interpretation is called a
hypothesis
what is the difference between a hypothesis and a law?
hypothesis is the scientific interpretation. Law is the general rule to which the data seems to conform(what)
According to Richard Feynman, is science an unreliable guide to the natural world?
it is self-correcting by being open to change in light of new evidence
Ptolemaic system fulfilled the requirements of a scientific theory because
its explanations of celestial motions, based on observations, resulted in testable predictions
what is the difference between a law and a theory
law states a regularity or relationship, theory tells us why
does the sun or the moon have the greater influence in causing tides
moon
ptolemaic system
no longer considered valid, earth stationary
Spring tides
occur when the sun and moon are in line with the earth
The time is takes a planet to make one complete trip around the sun is called the planet's
period
Mercury
planet closest to the sun
what are heavenly bodies that shift their positions regularly with respect to the stars
planets
in this system, the earth is stationary at the center of the universe
ptolemaic system
an imaginary line joining a planet with the sun is known as its
radius
what is the nature of science
science is a living body of knowledge, not a set of unchanging ideas
Newton's discovery of the law of gravity was dependent upon
the development of the copernican system of the solar system
Polaris
the object in the sky that apparently moves least in the course of time
what is the basic difference between the ptolemaic and the copernican models
the ptolemaic model has the earth as the center, the copernican model has the sun as the center.
the principle known as Occam's razor states that
the simplest scientific explanation for a phenomenon is most likely to be correct
When observable evidence does not agree with a scientific theory
the theory must be modified or discarded
The modern version of the copernican system is considered to be correct because
there is direct evidence that the earth rotates and planets revolve around the sun
why are scientific models so useful
they are a simple version of reality
Kepler's laws of planetary motion are explained by Newton's discovery of the law of gravity
true
Scientists study nature by using both direct and indirect methods
true
The great advantage of SI units is that their subdivisions and multiples are in steps of 10
true
scientific law
usually states a regularity of relationship that describes how nature behaves in a certain specific way
micro
1/1,000,000
a european driving from Paris to Brussels finds she has covered 291 km. How many miles is this?
180.7 miles
a person is 180 cm tall. what is the equivalent
5ft 11 inches
what must be your location if the stars move across the sky in circles centered directly overhead
Hawaii
discovered the law of gravity
Isaac Newton
discovered the planet Neptune
Johann Gottfried Galle
discovered the three laws of planetary motion
Johannes Kepler
what are regularities that the planets obey as they move around the sun
Kelpler's Laws
ellipses
Kepler modified the copernican system by showing that the planetary orbits are this shape
what describes the attraction all bodies in the universe have for one another
Newtons'Law of Gravity
Proposed that the earth rotates on its axis and, along with the other planets, revolves around the sun
Nicolaus Copernicus
believed the earth was stationary at the center of the universe
Ptolemyof Alexandria
Danish astronomer whose measurements of planetary motion resulted in revision of the copernican system
Tycho Brahe
scientific method
a continuing process
hypothesis
a new scientific idea
what does a year correspond to in terms of observations of the sun and stars
a year is defined as the time needed for the sun to make a circuit of the stars
constellation
an apparent pattern of stars in the sky
scientific law or theory is valid
as long as it is not contradicted by new experimental findings
tides
caused by both the sun and moon
in the following pairs of length units, which is the shorter: inch, centimeter? yard, meter? Mile, kilometer?
centimeter, yard, kilometer
in this system the orbits of the planets are in what shape
circular
groups of starts name after objects, animals, people, or mythological beings
constellations
this is supported by observational evidence
copernican system